<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
  <channel>
    <title>DEV Community: Ahmad Salar</title>
    <description>The latest articles on DEV Community by Ahmad Salar (@ahmad_salar).</description>
    <link>https://dev.to/ahmad_salar</link>
    <image>
      <url>https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=90,height=90,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto/https:%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fprofile_image%2F4220201%2F5f038bad-2f5c-489e-ab95-f742386bb3c1.jpeg</url>
      <title>DEV Community: Ahmad Salar</title>
      <link>https://dev.to/ahmad_salar</link>
    </image>
    <atom:link rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://dev.to/feed/ahmad_salar"/>
    <language>en</language>
    <item>
      <title>How I Built a 100% Client-Side Bank Statement Redactor Using HTML5 Canvas &amp; WebAssembly</title>
      <dc:creator>Ahmad Salar</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Nov 2026 08:25:41 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/ahmad_salar/how-i-built-a-100-client-side-bank-statement-redactor-using-html5-canvas-webassembly-481h</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/ahmad_salar/how-i-built-a-100-client-side-bank-statement-redactor-using-html5-canvas-webassembly-481h</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;When applying for an apartment lease, mortgage underwriting, or a travel visa, almost everyone is asked to submit 2 to 3 months of bank statements or payslips.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;However, sharing unredacted financial records exposes sensitive Personally Identifiable Information (PII)—including full 10–16 digit account numbers, 9-digit ABA routing transit codes, and private transaction histories.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Most users try to protect themselves using two flawed methods:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Uploading confidential files to free online PDF editors:&lt;/strong&gt; This sends sensitive financial data to unknown third-party cloud servers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Drawing black rectangles in preview software:&lt;/strong&gt; This merely places a cosmetic overlay on top of vector text. Anyone can simply copy-paste or inspect the text underneath.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;p&gt;To solve this, I built &lt;a href="https://bankxls.co" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;BankXLS&lt;/a&gt;—a privacy-first, zero-cloud financial document redactor that operates &lt;strong&gt;100% inside the user's browser&lt;/strong&gt; using HTML5 Canvas, WebAssembly (Wasm), and destructive raster flattening.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Here is an architectural breakdown of how it works under the hood.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The Core Architecture: Why "Cosmetic" Redaction Fails
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A standard digital PDF contains multiple distinct layers:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vector text streams (raw characters, fonts, and bounding boxes)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Metadata streams (author, software, creation dates)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Form field definitions (AcroForms / XFA)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Raster image assets&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If you draw a black rectangle using a basic PDF viewer, the underlying character codes remain completely intact in the content stream.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;┌──────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  [ Visual Blackout Box (Cosmetic Layer) ]    │  &amp;lt;-- Visible on screen
├──────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Account No: 4821 9081 2291                  │  &amp;lt;-- Still selectable!
└──────────────────────────────────────────────┘
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;To achieve true, unrecoverable redaction without sending data to an external server, the pipeline must perform destructive pixel &lt;strong&gt;rasterization&lt;/strong&gt; directly in browser RAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 1: Client-Side PDF Parsing via WebAssembly (pdf.js)
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Instead of parsing files on a Node.js or Python backend, we read the uploaded document using the HTML5 File API and pass the raw &lt;strong&gt;ArrayBuffer&lt;/strong&gt; directly to Mozilla's &lt;strong&gt;pdf.js&lt;/strong&gt; worker, compiled to WebAssembly:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight javascript"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Read document locally into memory&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;fileBuffer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;await&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;arrayBuffer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Initialize client-side PDF document&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;loadingTask&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;pdfjsLib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;getDocument&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;({&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;fileBuffer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;});&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;pdfDoc&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;await&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;loadingTask&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;promise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;numPages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;pdfDoc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;numPages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Because this worker runs entirely in a client-side Web Worker thread, zero bytes leave the user's machine.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 2: Interactive Coordinate Mapping with HTML5 Canvas
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Each page of the PDF is rendered onto an off-screen HTML5 &lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; element at 2.0x device pixel ratio to maintain razor-sharp text fidelity.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;When the user selects an area to blackout (such as an account number or balance column), we compute normalized bounding coordinates:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight typescript"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kr"&gt;interface&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;RedactionBox&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nl"&gt;pageNumber&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kr"&gt;number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nl"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kr"&gt;number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Normalized (0.0 to 1.0)&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nl"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kr"&gt;number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Normalized (0.0 to 1.0)&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nl"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kr"&gt;number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nl"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kr"&gt;number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;By normalizing coordinates relative to viewport dimensions, user-drawn redactions remain pixel-perfect across responsive mobile screens, tablets, and desktop displays.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 3: Destructive Canvas Rasterization (Burning the Redactions)
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This is where the magic happens. Rather than appending visual annotation objects to a PDF syntax tree, we composite the redaction bounding boxes directly into the 2D rendering context:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight javascript"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Grab the 2D rendering context of the rasterized page&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;getContext&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;2d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;willReadFrequently&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kc"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;});&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;if &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Burn solid opaque black pixels directly over sensitive coordinates&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;fillStyle&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;#000000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;fillRect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nx"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nx"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nx"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nx"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;At this stage, the underlying vector characters are permanently replaced by black RGB pixels &lt;strong&gt;(0, 0, 0)&lt;/strong&gt;. The character codes cease to exist in memory.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 4: Flattening and Assembling the Clean PDF
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Once the redactions are burned into the canvas, we export the canvas buffer as high-quality lossless image slices and rebuild an unalterable, flattened PDF using &lt;strong&gt;jspdf&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight javascript"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;jsPDF&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;jspdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;exportDoc&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;new&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;jsPDF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;({&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="na"&gt;orientation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;?&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;landscape&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;portrait&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="na"&gt;unit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;pt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
  &lt;span class="na"&gt;format&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;});&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Convert canvas to image data&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kd"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;imgData&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;toDataURL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Add the flattened raster layer to the new PDF&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nx"&gt;exportDoc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;addImage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;imgData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;JPEG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;width&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;canvas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;height&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nx"&gt;exportDoc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;save&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;redacted_statement.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dl"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The resulting document:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contains zero selectable text in redacted areas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Has all original metadata, author tags, and font objects stripped.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cannot be reversed or inspected using Adobe Acrobat or developer tools.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  What We Learned About Web Privacy in 2026
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Users care deeply about financial privacy:&lt;/strong&gt; Many people hesitate to use cloud tools for bank statements and tax filings. Providing a client-only architecture with zero server logs immediately establishes user trust.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Modern WebAssembly and Canvas engines are extraordinarily fast:&lt;/strong&gt; Parsing and flattening a 5-page bank statement in client memory takes less than 800 milliseconds on a standard smartphone.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Privacy by design simplifies compliance:&lt;/strong&gt; By refusing to store user documents on a database, GDPR and CCPA data retention liabilities drop to zero.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If you want to test the live implementation or securely sanitize your own bank statements, payslips, or invoices, feel free to try the live tool at &lt;a href="https://bankxls.co" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;BankXLS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Have you built privacy-first client-side web tools? What libraries do you prefer for in-browser PDF manipulation? Let me know in the comments!&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>frontend</category>
      <category>privacy</category>
      <category>security</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
