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    <item>
      <title>Best Age Verification APIs in 2026, Compared for Developers</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Oct 2026 22:17:47 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/best-age-verification-apis-in-2026-compared-for-developers-4pic</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/best-age-verification-apis-in-2026-compared-for-developers-4pic</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If you run an online shop for alcohol or vapes, a dating app, a gaming platform or any service with adult content, you now need a real age verification API, not an "Are you over 18?" checkbox. Regulators in the UK and Germany have moved to enforcement, and the vendors split into two camps: certified identity platforms that run liveness and ID checks, and fast facial age estimation APIs that cost a fraction of a cent.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Below: what you can sign up for in 2026, what it costs at 10,000 checks a month, and a Python age gate that does not let borderline faces through.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Curious what an estimate looks like on your own users? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Face Analyzer API&lt;/a&gt; on a few selfies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Quick Comparison
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Prices from each provider's official pages, checked in October 2026:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;AI Engine Face Analyzer:&lt;/strong&gt; selfie age range for every face. About $0.0023 per call&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Didit:&lt;/strong&gt; age estimation with passive liveness. $0.10 per check&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Yoti:&lt;/strong&gt; predicted age with uncertainty, optional anti-spoofing. Price not published&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Persona:&lt;/strong&gt; age estimation with liveness and deepfake detection. Price not published&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Veriff:&lt;/strong&gt; age estimation sold separately, liveness certified to ISO/IEC 30107-3. ID checks from $0.80, age estimation price not published&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Sumsub:&lt;/strong&gt; age estimation enabled on request, with liveness. Verifications from $1.35&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Estimation vs Verification vs Liveness
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Facial age estimation:&lt;/strong&gt; a selfie in, an estimated age or range out. No document, about a second. Add a safety buffer and it screens every user cheaply.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Document-based verification:&lt;/strong&gt; date of birth read from an ID, document checked, selfie matched to the ID photo. Slower, but proves an exact age.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Liveness:&lt;/strong&gt; checks the camera sees a real person, not a printed photo, a replay or a deepfake.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Most production flows estimate first and only ask for an ID when the estimate is too close to the legal age.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  When You Need a Certified Provider
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ofcom lists facial age estimation among the methods capable of being "highly effective" age assurance under the UK Online Safety Act, but the whole process must also be accurate, robust against circumvention, reliable and fair, with evidence. In Germany, the KJM assesses and approves age verification systems for adult content.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If you fall under those adult content rules, buy liveness, published accuracy and audit evidence. For lower-risk cases (a first filter before checkout, age-appropriate content, flagging likely minors), a fast estimation API with a safety buffer is enough and far cheaper.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The Providers in Short
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;AI Engine Face Analyzer:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;AgeRange&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;Low&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;High&lt;/code&gt; for every face, one REST call, works on photos you already store. Best for age gates and minor flagging at volume; pair with a certified provider for regulated adult content.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Didit:&lt;/strong&gt; age estimation $0.10 per check with passive liveness, ID verification $0.15, 500 free verifications a month for its ID bundle.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Yoti:&lt;/strong&gt; predicted age with standard deviation, optional anti-spoofing. July 2025 white paper reports a mean absolute error of 1.1 years for ages 13 to 17 (self-reported); evaluated in NIST's face analysis program. Quote only.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Persona:&lt;/strong&gt; selfie estimation with liveness and deepfake detection, configurable buffers, ID fallback. Used by Vimeo. No public per-check price.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Veriff:&lt;/strong&gt; Age Estimation as a separate product with real-time liveness. ID plans from $0.80 per verification ($49 minimum).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Sumsub:&lt;/strong&gt; facial estimation on its liveness tech, 1 to 2 year typical error claimed, recommends 3, 7 or 10 year buffers, KJM approved. Plans from $1.35 ($149 minimum).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Cost at 10,000 Checks a Month
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;AI Engine Face Analyzer (age range estimate): $22.99&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Didit (estimate with passive liveness): about $1,000&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Veriff Essential (full ID verification): about $8,000&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sumsub Basic (full verification): about $13,500&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Yoti, Persona: quote only&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;These do not buy the same thing. The point is the structure: an estimate for everyone plus an ID check for the borderline few costs far less than an ID check for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/best-age-verification-apis?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full comparison with the decision guide&lt;/a&gt; has the detailed tables and sources.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  A Python Age Gate with a Safety Buffer
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Passing everyone estimated above 18 lets a 17-year-old estimated at 16 to 21 through. Use a challenge age (legal age plus a buffer) on the lowest estimate, block clear minors, and send the rest to an ID check:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;API_URL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com/faceanalysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;age_gate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;legal_age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;buffer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id_check&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;deny&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;retry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; for one selfie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API_URL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;faces&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;retry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# no face or several faces: ask for a new selfie
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;facialFeatures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;AgeRange&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Low&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;legal_age&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;buffer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# clearly above the challenge age
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;High&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;legal_age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;deny&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# clearly under age
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id_check&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# too close to call: fall back to an ID document
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;photo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie_1.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie_2.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie_3.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;decision&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;age_gate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;decision&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;On six stock photos with an 18+ rule and a 5-year buffer (challenge age 23):&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F0mfvb7ioomz6t7ehra01.webp" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F0mfvb7ioomz6t7ehra01.webp" alt="Six faces: a child estimated 8-12 denied, two young adults estimated 19-23 and 21-27 sent to an ID check, three adults passed" width="800" height="281"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A larger buffer sends more adults to the ID step but lets fewer minors through. Sumsub's 3, 7 or 10 years is a sensible starting range, the same idea as "Challenge 25" in UK shops. For a complete endpoint with edge cases and data retention, see the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/face-based-age-verification-api?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;face-based age verification tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Which One?
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;AI Engine Face Analyzer:&lt;/strong&gt; lower-risk age gates and minor-flagging at the lowest cost per check&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Didit:&lt;/strong&gt; published prices with liveness included&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Yoti, Persona, Veriff, Sumsub:&lt;/strong&gt; regulated adult content, or when you need liveness, deepfake detection, audit evidence and an ID fallback from one vendor&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Sources
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ofcom.org.uk/online-safety/protecting-children/statement-age-assurance-and-childrens-access" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Ofcom: Age Assurance and Children's Access statement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://didit.me/pricing" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Didit pricing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://developers.yoti.com/age-estimation" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Yoti age estimation developer docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.yoti.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Yoti-Age-Estimation-White-Paper-July-2025-PUBLIC-v1.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Yoti Age Estimation White Paper, July 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://withpersona.com/product/verifications/selfie-age-estimation" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Persona selfie age estimation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.veriff.com/plans" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Veriff plans&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="https://www.veriff.com/product/age-estimation" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Veriff Age Estimation&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://sumsub.com/pricing/" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Sumsub pricing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="https://docs.sumsub.com/docs/age-estimation" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Sumsub Facial Age Estimation docs&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Run it on your own selfies: &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;grab a key on the Face Analyzer API page&lt;/a&gt; and paste it into the script above.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>security</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NSFW Video and GIF Moderation with Python and an API</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Oct 2026 16:31:11 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/nsfw-video-and-gif-moderation-with-python-and-an-api-48g1</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/nsfw-video-and-gif-moderation-with-python-and-an-api-48g1</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If your app accepts video or GIF uploads (short clips in a social feed, reaction GIFs in chat, product videos on a marketplace), checking only the thumbnail is not moderation. The problem frame can sit at second 12 of a 30 second clip. NSFW video moderation with an image API works by sampling frames, scoring each one, and deciding on the whole clip.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Every number below comes from a real run on a public domain 25 second clip of a beer being poured: it starts with an empty glass and ends with a full one, a good test for how detections change over time.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to see the labels on your own clips? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the NSFW Detect API&lt;/a&gt; on a frame from one of your uploads.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  How it works
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A moderation API looks at images, so a video becomes a list of frames:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Sample&lt;/strong&gt; frames with ffmpeg, at a fixed interval or on scene changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Score&lt;/strong&gt; each frame with the API, in parallel.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Aggregate&lt;/strong&gt; per top-level category: highest confidence, number of flagged frames, timestamps.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Decide&lt;/strong&gt; allow, review, or block for the clip, and stop early when a frame already settles it.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 1: Sample frames with ffmpeg
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;subprocess&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;extract_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;video_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Grab one frame every N seconds. Returns [(timestamp, path), ...].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;subprocess&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ffmpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;-v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;-i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;video_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
         &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;-vf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;fps=1/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;,scale=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min(1280,iw)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;:-2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
         &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;-q:v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/frame_%05d.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;check&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;sorted&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;listdir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;join&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;enumerate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;On the 25 second test clip, one frame per second gives 26 frames; one every 2 seconds gives 13.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 2: Score frames in parallel
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Keep only the top-level categories (empty &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;) so every sub-label maps to one policy rule:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tempfile&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;concurrent.futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;API_URL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com/nsfw-detect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return the top-level categories found in one frame: {name: confidence}.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API_URL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ModerationLabels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Confidence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_video&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;video_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Moderate sampled frames in parallel. Returns [(timestamp, categories), ...].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tempfile&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;TemporaryDirectory&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tmp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;extract_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;video_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tmp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;map&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;lambda&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;fr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;_&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;zip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_video&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;beer_pour.mp4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;3.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;round&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;items&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()})&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;#   0s {}                    empty glass
#   8s {'Alcohol': 94.9}
#  11s {'Alcohol': 95.9}
#  21s {'Alcohol': 99.3}
#  25s {'Alcohol': 99.8}
#  (26 frames in total)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fy1h2jx5tnw0jfk39r4tm.webp" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fy1h2jx5tnw0jfk39r4tm.webp" alt="Timeline of a 25 second beer pouring clip with the frames flagged Alcohol by the NSFW Detect API" width="800" height="309"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The empty glass at second 0 comes back clean, and Alcohol is flagged from second 3, as soon as beer is in the glass, up to 99.8% on the full glass. That timeline is what turns frame scores into a decision: when the category first appears, how often, and how confident the API is at its peak.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 3: Aggregate per category and decide
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Each policy rule gets one extra field compared with a single image policy: &lt;code&gt;min_frames&lt;/code&gt;, the number of frames that must cross the threshold before the rule fires.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;POLICY&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Explicit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Non-Explicit Nudity of Intimate parts and Kissing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Violence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Hate Symbols&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                      &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                   &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Alcohol&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                           &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;summarize&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Per category: max confidence, number of flagged frames, timestamps.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;summary&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{}&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;conf&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;items&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;():&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;summary&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;setdefault&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]})&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;conf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;summary&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;summary&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Turn the per-category summary into allow / review / block.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;allow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;summary&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;items&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;():&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;POLICY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; frames, max &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;%, first at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;summarize&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_video&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;beer_pour.mp4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('review', ['Alcohol: 9 frames, max 99.8%, first at 3s'])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The reasons string tells a reviewer where to jump in the clip instead of watching all of it.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/nsfw-video-moderation-python?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide&lt;/a&gt; adds a scene-change sampler with a frame gap cap and the exact numbers behind each sampling choice.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 4: Stop early on a clear block
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Once a block rule fires, the remaining frames cannot change the verdict:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_with_early_stop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Moderate frames in time order, batch by batch; stop at the first block.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;calls&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;batch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;map&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;lambda&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;fr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;batch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;_&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;c&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;zip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;batch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;cats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)]&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;calls&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;batch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;summarize&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="k"&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;calls&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;POLICY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Alcohol&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;min_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# kids platform
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tempfile&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;TemporaryDirectory&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tmp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;extract_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;beer_pour.mp4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tmp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate_with_early_stop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('block', ['Alcohol: 3 frames, max 95.9%, first at 3s'], 12)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Blocked after 12 calls instead of 26. Clean videos still need every sampled frame.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Choosing a sampling rate
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Real results on the same clip, with the review policy:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Every 1 second:&lt;/strong&gt; 26 calls, peak 99.8%, verdict review&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Every 2 seconds:&lt;/strong&gt; 13 calls, peak 99.8%, verdict review&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Both rates flag the clip. For short user uploads, one frame every one to two seconds is a solid default; for long edited videos, scene-change sampling with a gap cap cuts calls further.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  GIF uploads
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;ffmpeg reads GIFs directly, so &lt;code&gt;extract_frames("reaction.gif", tmp, 2.0)&lt;/code&gt; works unchanged. Without ffmpeg, Pillow can sample by frame duration:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;PIL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ImageSequence&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;extract_gif_frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;gif_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Sample a GIF every N seconds using each frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;s own duration.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;gif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;gif_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;next_t&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.0&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;frame&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;enumerate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ImageSequence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;Iterator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;gif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)):&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;next_t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;join&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out_dir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;gif_&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;05&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;convert&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;RGB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;save&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;quality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;((&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;next_t&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;every_seconds&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;frame&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;info&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;duration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1000&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;frames&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;On a GIF made from the same clip, sampling every 2 seconds gave 13 frames, Alcohol on 7 (max 99.9%) and a review verdict. The &lt;code&gt;convert("RGB")&lt;/code&gt; is required: GIF frames are palette images and JPEG cannot store them.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  How many API calls?
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;One call per sampled frame. A 30 second clip sampled every 2 seconds costs 15 calls, and 1,000 such clips come to about 15,000 calls over the month before early stops. Upload duration limits bound the worst case, and hashing uploads avoids re-moderating reposted GIFs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Production tips
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Publish after the verdict.&lt;/strong&gt; Keep new videos pending and moderate in a background worker; 26 frames with 4 workers took about 6 seconds in this test.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Fail safe to review&lt;/strong&gt; when a frame call errors out.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Moderate the poster frame&lt;/strong&gt; shown in the feed too.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Sources
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:One_example_of_how_to_pour_beer.theora.ogv" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;One example of how to pour beer (Wikimedia Commons)&lt;/a&gt;: the public domain test clip&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#select_002c-aselect" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;ffmpeg select filter documentation&lt;/a&gt;: scene and prev_selected_t variables&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Run it on the clips your users actually upload: &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;grab a key on the NSFW Detect API page&lt;/a&gt; and tune the thresholds on real data.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>security</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Clipdrop API Pricing in 2026 and a Cheaper Alternative</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 10:42:14 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/clipdrop-api-pricing-in-2026-and-a-cheaper-alternative-5emf</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/clipdrop-api-pricing-in-2026-and-a-cheaper-alternative-5emf</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If you are looking at Clipdrop API pricing, you are probably deciding whether to keep its remove background endpoint or switch. This post covers what the Clipdrop API looks like today, what it costs at 10,000 images a month, and a drop-in Python function that moves your integration to a cheaper API without touching the rest of your code. Every snippet was run against the live API before publishing.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to compare cutout quality first? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Background Removal API&lt;/a&gt; on one of your own product photos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The Clipdrop remove background API today
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Clipdrop started at Stability AI and has been part of Jasper since 2024. The API docs describe it like this:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Endpoint:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;POST https://clipdrop-api.co/remove-background/v1&lt;/code&gt;, multipart body&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Auth:&lt;/strong&gt; an &lt;code&gt;x-api-key&lt;/code&gt; header&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Input:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;image_file&lt;/code&gt; (PNG, JPG or WebP, up to 25 megapixels and 30 MB), plus an optional &lt;code&gt;transparency_handling&lt;/code&gt; flag&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Output:&lt;/strong&gt; the image bytes, PNG by default, WebP or JPG through the &lt;code&gt;accept&lt;/code&gt; header&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Credit headers:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;x-remaining-credits&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x-credits-consumed&lt;/code&gt; on every response&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Rate limit:&lt;/strong&gt; 60 requests per minute per key by default&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Clipdrop API pricing: credit packs
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;One successful call costs 1 credit. Credits are prepaid and stay valid for 2 years. Prices on the Clipdrop API pricing page, checked in October 2026:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;100 free credits:&lt;/strong&gt; one time, for development&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;100 credits:&lt;/strong&gt; $50 ($0.50 per image)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;1,000 credits:&lt;/strong&gt; $320 ($0.32 per image)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;5,000 credits:&lt;/strong&gt; $800 ($0.16 per image)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;25,000 credits:&lt;/strong&gt; $3,600 ($0.144 per image)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Above that, the page sends you to Jasper to discuss bigger plans. There is no published monthly plan.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;At 10,000 images a month that is $1,440 to $1,600 a month. Background removal is now sold well under a cent per image elsewhere, which is why teams start looking.&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Why teams look for an alternative
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Cost at volume:&lt;/strong&gt; even the largest pack is $0.144 per image.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Prepaid budgeting:&lt;/strong&gt; a 402 in production means someone forgot to top up the credits.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Growth goes through sales:&lt;/strong&gt; past 25,000 credits, pricing is a conversation with Jasper.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Cutout only:&lt;/strong&gt; putting the product on a white or branded background is extra code on your side.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Request mapping
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;clipdrop-api.co/remove-background/v1&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com/remove-background&lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;x-api-key&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/code&gt; plus &lt;code&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;image_file&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;image&lt;/code&gt; (or send &lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;accept: image/webp&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;image/jpg&lt;/code&gt;: the new API always returns PNG, convert with Pillow&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Response bytes become JSON with an &lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt; to download&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;x-remaining-credits&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;x-ratelimit-requests-remaining&lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The output keeps the input resolution: a 24 megapixel photo came back as a 6000x4005 PNG in about 8 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Before: a typical Clipdrop call
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://clipdrop-api.co/remove-background/v1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-api-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_CLIPDROP_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag-cutout.png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;wb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;write&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;content&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# raw PNG bytes
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  After: a drop-in remove_background() function
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;It takes the same image and returns image bytes like Clipdrop did, including the &lt;code&gt;accept&lt;/code&gt; option for WebP and JPG output.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;io&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;PIL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;environ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;RAPIDAPI_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;remove_background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;accept&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Same input as Clipdrop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;s remove-background call, returns image bytes like Clipdrop.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/remove-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
                             &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# {"image_url": ..., "width": ..., "height": ..., "size_bytes": ...}
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;content&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;accept&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Clipdrop could also return WebP or JPG through the accept header
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="n"&gt;img&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;io&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;BytesIO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;io&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;BytesIO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;accept&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/webp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;save&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;WEBP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# image/jpg: no alpha channel, flatten on white
&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span class="n"&gt;flat&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;new&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;RGB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;size&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;flat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;paste&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mask&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;getchannel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;flat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;save&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;JPEG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;quality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;92&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;getvalue&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The call site becomes:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;remove_background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag-cutout.png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;wb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;write&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/clipdrop-api-alternative?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide on ai-engine.net&lt;/a&gt; has the JavaScript version, the cost table and the error code mapping.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Beyond transparency: new backgrounds in one call
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;With Clipdrop, a white or branded background meant compositing the cutout yourself. Here the background is an endpoint choice. Colors use the &lt;code&gt;R,G,B,A&lt;/code&gt; format (a hex value returns a 422).&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;replace_background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)}&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{},&lt;/span&gt;
                         &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# White catalog background
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;replace_background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/color-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
                         &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Your own background photo, composited server-side
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;replace_background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bag.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/image-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;marble.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fgjrvaly2dq1hbz203qfd.webp" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fgjrvaly2dq1hbz203qfd.webp" alt="The same leather bag on a white background, a beige gradient, a marble photo and a blurred version of its original background" width="800" height="651"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Migration checklist
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Search your codebase for &lt;code&gt;clipdrop-api.co&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x-api-key&lt;/code&gt; to find every call site.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Note which &lt;code&gt;accept&lt;/code&gt; formats you request and whether you use &lt;code&gt;transparency_handling&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Swap the call for &lt;code&gt;remove_background()&lt;/code&gt; and run it on 20 to 50 of your real images, including hard ones: hair, glass, a white product on a white table.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Replace client-side compositing with &lt;code&gt;/color-background&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;/image-background&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Swap credit monitoring for the rate limit headers.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Keep your remaining Clipdrop credits as a fallback: they stay valid for 2 years.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;




&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Sources
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://clipdrop.co/apis/docs/remove-background" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Clipdrop remove background API documentation&lt;/a&gt;: endpoint, limits, headers, errors, rate limit and free credits&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://clipdrop.co/apis/pricing" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Clipdrop API pricing&lt;/a&gt;: credit packs and validity (checked October 2026)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Run it on your own catalog: &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;test the Background Removal API&lt;/a&gt; with a few of your hardest product photos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Originally published at &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/clipdrop-api-alternative?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;ai-engine.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Best Face Recognition &amp; Comparison APIs in 2026</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2026 21:15:07 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/best-face-recognition-comparison-apis-in-2026-4e2l</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/best-face-recognition-comparison-apis-in-2026-4e2l</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If you are adding identity checks to an app, such as selfie-to-ID verification at signup, face login, employee check-in or duplicate account detection, a face recognition API saves you from training, hosting and tuning your own models.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The market changed in 2025 and 2026: Google Vision still does not recognize faces, a well-known open-source server stopped shipping releases, and two long-standing APIs pivoted or went offline. Here is what developers can actually sign up for today, and the catches you only find in the docs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to see how it handles your own photos? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Face Analyzer API&lt;/a&gt; on a pair of images.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Detection, comparison, search: which one you need
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Vendors use "face recognition" loosely. Pin down the operation first, because not every API offers all three:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face detection:&lt;/strong&gt; finds faces and returns boxes, landmarks and sometimes attributes (age range, emotion, glasses). It does not tell you who the person is.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face comparison or verification (1:1):&lt;/strong&gt; "are these two photos the same person?". The core of selfie-to-ID checks and face login.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face search or identification (1:N):&lt;/strong&gt; enroll known faces in a gallery, then ask "who is this?" for a new photo. Attendance systems and duplicate account detection need this.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The options at a glance
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;AI Engine Face Analyzer:&lt;/strong&gt; detection with attributes, 1:1 comparison, 1:N search in repositories. Plain REST with one key. No liveness check.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face++ (Megvii):&lt;/strong&gt; detect, compare, search in FaceSets. The free key shares a 3 queries-per-second capacity with other users, and failed requests are billed.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Luxand.cloud:&lt;/strong&gt; recognition, verification, liveness, emotion and age in every plan. Each plan caps how many faces you can store.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Google Cloud Vision:&lt;/strong&gt; detection only. Its docs state that recognizing specific individuals is not supported.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;CompreFace:&lt;/strong&gt; open source (Apache 2.0), self-hosted with Docker. Last release August 2023, so updates are on you.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Kairos:&lt;/strong&gt; now documented as an identity verification product (documents, selfie-to-ID, liveness); the classic gallery API is gone.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Betaface:&lt;/strong&gt; public API listed as temporarily down.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Compare two faces (1:1)
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com/compare-faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;source_image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://example.com/id-photo.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;target_image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://example.com/selfie.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Same person&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;matchedFaces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Different person&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The response lists &lt;code&gt;matchedFaces&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;unmatchedFaces&lt;/code&gt; with bounding boxes and landmarks. You can upload files instead with the &lt;code&gt;source_image&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;target_image&lt;/code&gt; multipart fields.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Search a face among enrolled users (1:N)
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;REPO&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;employees&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# 1. Create a repository once
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/create-facial-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
              &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;REPO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;})&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# 2. Enroll each person with your own ID
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/save-face-in-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
              &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;alice.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
              &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;REPO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;external_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;alice&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max_faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;})&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# 3. Identify a new photo
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/search-face-in-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
                     &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;door-camera.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
                     &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;REPO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;})&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;match&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;FaceMatches&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;match&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ExternalImageId&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;round&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;match&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Similarity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;We enrolled two people and searched with a third photo of one of them in a different pose. Only the right person came back, with a similarity of 99.99:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F30vd1ok1pc0cdayqd40r.webp" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F30vd1ok1pc0cdayqd40r.webp" alt="A query photo matched by the face search API to one of two enrolled faces with 99.99 percent similarity" width="799" height="393"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/best-face-recognition-apis?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full comparison&lt;/a&gt; has the cost of each API at 10,000 calls a month side by side.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Which one should you choose?
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;AI Engine&lt;/strong&gt; if you want comparison and 1:N search with one key and a few lines of REST, plus face attributes from the same API&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Luxand.cloud&lt;/strong&gt; if you need liveness bundled with recognition from one vendor&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face++&lt;/strong&gt; if you are fine with shared throughput on the free key and want per-call billing&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;CompreFace&lt;/strong&gt; if images must never leave your infrastructure and you can maintain the stack&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Google Cloud Vision&lt;/strong&gt; only if detection is all you need&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;For complete builds, see the guides to &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/ekyc-saas-selfie-id-verification?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;selfie-to-ID verification (eKYC)&lt;/a&gt; and a &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/face-recognition-attendance-system-python-api?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;face recognition attendance system&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Sources
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://docs.cloud.google.com/vision/docs/detecting-faces" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Google Cloud Vision face detection docs&lt;/a&gt;: detection only, no recognition&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.faceplusplus.com/v2/pricing-details/" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Face++ pricing&lt;/a&gt;: per-call prices and free key limits&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://luxand.cloud/pricing" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Luxand.cloud pricing&lt;/a&gt;: plans and included features&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://github.com/exadel-inc/CompreFace" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;CompreFace on GitHub&lt;/a&gt;: licence, features and release history&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/best-face-recognition-apis?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide with the pricing table and the Kairos and Betaface details&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>ai</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>remove.bg API Shutting Down: Migrate Your Code in 10 Minutes</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2026 14:33:03 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/removebg-api-shutting-down-migrate-your-code-in-10-minutes-24bm</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/removebg-api-shutting-down-migrate-your-code-in-10-minutes-24bm</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If your app calls the remove.bg API, you have a hard deadline: the self-service API stops accepting requests on &lt;strong&gt;1 December 2026 at 9:00 CET&lt;/strong&gt;, and unused pay-as-you-go credits expire the same day. Anything still pointing at &lt;code&gt;api.remove.bg&lt;/code&gt; after that will fail.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This post covers what is shutting down, how each remove.bg parameter maps to a replacement API, and a drop-in Python function you can swap in so the rest of your code keeps working. Every snippet was run against the live API before publishing.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to check the cutout quality before you migrate? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Background Removal API&lt;/a&gt; on one of your own images.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  What exactly is shutting down
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Self-service API:&lt;/strong&gt; stops on 1 December 2026, 9:00 CET.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Website and accounts:&lt;/strong&gt; become inaccessible. Export your invoices and usage reports before the deadline.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Credits:&lt;/strong&gt; unused pay-as-you-go credits expire. Annual subscriptions end with a pro-rata refund, monthly ones end automatically.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Plugins:&lt;/strong&gt; the Photoshop plugin and other integrations are discontinued.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Enterprise contracts:&lt;/strong&gt; not affected.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;remove.bg points self-service API users to Leonardo.ai (both belong to Canva). You can migrate there or to another background removal API, but your integration code has to change either way.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Leonardo.ai or another API?
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Leonardo's migration guide recommends its synchronous endpoint and keeps most remove.bg option names (&lt;code&gt;size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;crop&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;channels&lt;/code&gt;). It is the closest match if you depend on those options. What you still have to code around:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Requests are JSON only. No multipart upload: send files as base64 or upload them first to a presigned URL.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The response is a URL or base64 string, not raw image bytes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Errors can come back with HTTP 200 and an &lt;code&gt;errors&lt;/code&gt; array, so status checks alone are not enough.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;code&gt;bg_image_file&lt;/code&gt; is not supported, and &lt;code&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/code&gt; is renamed.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The migration guide lists about $0.10 per image.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If you mostly send an image and get a transparent PNG back, sometimes with a background color or image, a plain REST API that accepts the same multipart upload does the job for a fraction of that. The rest of this post migrates to the AI Engine Background Removal API.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Parameter mapping
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Auth:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;X-Api-Key&lt;/code&gt; header becomes &lt;code&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;image_file&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;image&lt;/code&gt; (same multipart upload, new field name).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; stays &lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;image_file_b64&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; not supported, decode it and send a file.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;No &lt;code&gt;bg_*&lt;/code&gt; parameter&lt;/strong&gt; maps to &lt;code&gt;POST /remove-background&lt;/code&gt; (transparent PNG).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; maps to &lt;code&gt;POST /color-background&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;R,G,B,A&lt;/code&gt; (for example &lt;code&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/code&gt;). A hex value returns a 422.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; maps to &lt;code&gt;POST /image-background&lt;/code&gt;, same parameter name. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;bg_image_file&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; becomes the &lt;code&gt;bg_image&lt;/code&gt; file field.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;format&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; output is always PNG. Convert with Pillow if you need JPG or WebP.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;scale&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;crop&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;roi&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;position&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;channels&lt;/code&gt;, shadows:&lt;/strong&gt; no equivalent. The output keeps the input resolution, so resize or crop afterwards.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Extras remove.bg did not have:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;/blur-background&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;/gradient-background&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The response changes too. Instead of image bytes, you get JSON with a CDN link:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight json"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nl"&gt;"image_url"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;"https://images.ai-engine.net/background-removal-ai/2b6c7a0b-....png"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nl"&gt;"width"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nl"&gt;"height"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nl"&gt;"size_bytes"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;692010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Before: a typical remove.bg call
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;response&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://api.remove.bg/v1.0/removebg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;product.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;size&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;auto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ffffff&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;X-Api-Key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_REMOVE_BG_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;response&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;status_code&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;codes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;product-white.png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;wb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;write&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;response&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;content&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  After: a drop-in remove_bg() function
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Wrap the new API in a function that takes the same inputs and returns PNG bytes, like remove.bg did:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;environ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;RAPIDAPI_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;


&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;hex_to_rgba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;remove.bg takes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ffffff&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;#81d4fa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;; AI Engine takes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;R,G,B,A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;value&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;lstrip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;b&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;,255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;


&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;remove_bg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Same inputs as the remove.bg call, returns PNG bytes like remove.bg did.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{},&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{}&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/image-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_image_url&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/color-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;hex_to_rgba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/remove-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;API&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;endpoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
                         &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# {"image_url": ..., "width": ..., "height": ..., "size_bytes": ...}
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;content&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The call site from the "before" example becomes:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;remove_bg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;product.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ffffff&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;product-white.png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;wb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;out&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;write&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;png&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;We ran it on four inputs (local file, public URL, hex color, background image URL). All four returned a 1200x1500 PNG, the same size as the input.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ffauqdf48h1ebx5a7z5f0.webp" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ffauqdf48h1ebx5a7z5f0.webp" alt="Sneaker photo processed three ways: transparent PNG, white background and wooden floor background" width="800" height="319"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/migrate-from-remove-bg-api?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full migration guide&lt;/a&gt; also has the same function in JavaScript (Node 18+, no extra package) and the complete parameter table.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Update your error handling
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;remove.bg returned &lt;code&gt;{"errors": [...]}&lt;/code&gt; with 400, 402, 403 and 429. On the new API we observed:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;422&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;code&gt;{"detail": "..."}&lt;/code&gt;: bad input, like an unreachable &lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt; or a hex &lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt;. Replaces most 400s.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;403:&lt;/strong&gt; invalid key, or a key not subscribed to the API.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;429:&lt;/strong&gt; too many requests. Retry with backoff.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;415:&lt;/strong&gt; missing or unsupported content type. Send multipart, form or JSON.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Migration checklist
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Grep your codebase for &lt;code&gt;api.remove.bg&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;X-Api-Key&lt;/code&gt; to find every call site.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;List the remove.bg parameters you actually send. If you rely on &lt;code&gt;size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;crop&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;channels&lt;/code&gt; or shadows, plan a Pillow step or pick an API that supports them.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Swap in &lt;code&gt;remove_bg()&lt;/code&gt; and run it on 20 to 50 real images, including the hard ones (hair, glass, low contrast).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Update error handling for the new status codes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Export your remove.bg invoices before 1 December.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Switch production before the deadline, not on it.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Sources
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.remove.bg/faq" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;remove.bg FAQ&lt;/a&gt;: shutdown date, credits, subscriptions and plugins&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.remove.bg/api" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;remove.bg API documentation&lt;/a&gt;: parameters, responses and error codes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;a href="https://docs.leonardo.ai/docs/migrate-from-the-removebg-api-to-leonardoai" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Leonardo.ai: migrate from the remove.bg API&lt;/a&gt;: request format, supported options and price per image&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Comparing more options before you switch? Read our &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/best-background-removal-apis?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;2026 background removal API comparison&lt;/a&gt; with cost per image at 10,000 images a month.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Marketplace Product Image Pipeline: Moderate, Clean, Tag (Python)</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 13:38:29 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/marketplace-product-image-pipeline-moderate-clean-tag-python-4pn8</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/marketplace-product-image-pipeline-moderate-clean-tag-python-4pn8</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;A marketplace lives or dies on its catalog, and the catalog is built from images other people upload. Every seller photo needs three things before it belongs on your storefront: a safety check so prohibited products never go live, a consistent look so the catalog does not resemble a flea market, and tags so the item is findable. Doing that by hand does not scale. Three APIs, chained into one Python pipeline, do it automatically for every upload.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This guide builds that pipeline: screen the image for prohibited content, remove the background and place the product on white, and auto-tag it for search. Each step is one API call, and all code runs against live endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Building this for your store? Each API used below has a free tier, starting with the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Background Removal API&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The Three Stages
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Each stage is a focused job handled by its own API, so you can tune or swap any one without disturbing the others:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Moderate&lt;/strong&gt;: the content moderation API screens for nudity, violence, drugs, weapons, and hate symbols. It runs first, so a prohibited image never gets cleaned, tagged, or stored.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Clean&lt;/strong&gt;: the Background Removal API puts every approved product on a uniform white background.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Tag&lt;/strong&gt;: the Image Labeling API returns product labels for search, filtering, and auto-categorization.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A small shared helper keeps the credentials in one place:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;API_KEY&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;api&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Stage 1: Moderate the Image
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Screen the upload before spending any other work on it. The endpoint returns labels across risk categories, each with a confidence score and a parent category; the top-level categories are the ones with an empty &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return the moderation labels for an image (empty list means clean).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com/nsfw-detect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;api&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ModerationLabels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Categories that should keep a listing off the marketplace
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;PROHIBITED&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Explicit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Non-Explicit Nudity of Intimate parts and Kissing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Violence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Hate Symbols&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Tune &lt;code&gt;PROHIBITED&lt;/code&gt; to your marketplace. An apparel store keeps &lt;code&gt;Swimwear or Underwear&lt;/code&gt; off this list because it is a legitimate product. For the full policy engine with per-category thresholds and a review queue, see &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/content-moderation-marketplace-listings?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation for marketplace listings&lt;/a&gt;. You can grab a key on the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation API page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Stage 2: Clean the Image
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Once an image passes moderation, standardize it. Marketplaces like Amazon expect a pure white background on the main image, and a consistent backdrop makes any catalog look professional. The &lt;code&gt;/color-background&lt;/code&gt; endpoint removes the original background and composites the product onto solid white in one call:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;clean_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Remove the background and place the product on solid white.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com/color-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;api&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# URL to the white-background image
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt; is R,G,B,A, so &lt;code&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/code&gt; is opaque white. The response also carries &lt;code&gt;width&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;height&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;size_bytes&lt;/code&gt;. For the full batch and concurrency patterns of this step on its own, see &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/background-removal-at-scale-ecommerce?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;background removal at scale&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Stage 3: Tag the Image
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Tags power search, filters, and auto-categorization, so sellers do not have to label everything by hand and buyers can actually find the item. The &lt;code&gt;/detect-label&lt;/code&gt; endpoint returns labels with a confidence score from 0 to 1:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;tag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;min_score&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return product tags above a confidence threshold.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://label-image.p.rapidapi.com/detect-label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;api&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;label-image.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;description&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;score&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;min_score&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;tag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;leather_shoe.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ['Walking Shoe', 'Cross Training Shoe', 'Running Shoe']
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;min_score&lt;/code&gt; filter drops low-confidence guesses so you store tags you can trust. Map the returned labels to your own category taxonomy with the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/label-image?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Image Labeling API&lt;/a&gt;, or keep them as free-text search tags.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The Pipeline: One Function per Listing
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Now chain the three stages. Moderate first, because there is no point cleaning and tagging an image you are going to reject, and a prohibited image should never land in your processed bucket:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;process_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Screen, then clean and tag one seller image. Returns a result dict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# 1. Screen the original upload first
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;""&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;PROHIBITED&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# 2. Clean for the catalog, 3. tag for search
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;clean_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;tags&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;tag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;process_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;leather_shoe.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# {'status': 'approved',
#  'image_url': 'https://images.ai-engine.net/background-removal-ai/....png',
#  'tags': ['Walking Shoe', 'Cross Training Shoe', 'Running Shoe']}
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# An image that trips a prohibited category comes back rejected,
# with no wasted background-removal or tagging calls:
# {'status': 'rejected', 'reasons': ['Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco']}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;One call into &lt;code&gt;process_listing&lt;/code&gt; and a seller upload comes back either rejected with a reason or approved with a clean catalog image and a set of tags, ready to write to your database.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Run It Across the Whole Catalog
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The same function runs event-driven on new listings and as a batch over an existing catalog. Process concurrently so a backfill of thousands of images finishes in minutes, not hours:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;concurrent.futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;process_catalog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;listings: list of dicts with id and image path.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;submit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;process_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]):&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;listings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;listing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;try&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;except&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pipeline error: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]}&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;process_catalog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;all_listings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;approved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; approved, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;rejected&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; held&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Write the &lt;code&gt;approved&lt;/code&gt; images and tags back to your catalog and route the &lt;code&gt;rejected&lt;/code&gt; list to your seller-support flow. New uploads call &lt;code&gt;process_listing&lt;/code&gt; from your listing-creation webhook, so every product gets the same treatment automatically.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Honest Limits
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Tags need a taxonomy.&lt;/strong&gt; The labeling API returns generic descriptions; mapping them to your category tree is your work. Treat low-confidence tags as suggestions, not truth.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Moderation is visual, not legal.&lt;/strong&gt; It catches offensive imagery, not counterfeits, brand misuse, or whether a product is restricted in a given country. Those need seller verification and category rules.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Cleaning has a tail of hard cases.&lt;/strong&gt; Reflective or transparent products cut out imperfectly, so keep a quality check on the background-removal output for the few percent that need it.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Getting Started
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Grab keys from the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Background Removal&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/label-image?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Image Labeling&lt;/a&gt; APIs, drop them into the helper, and run &lt;code&gt;process_listing&lt;/code&gt; on a sample of your real listings. Tune &lt;code&gt;PROHIBITED&lt;/code&gt; and the tag threshold to your catalog, wire the function into listing creation, backfill once, and your marketplace images clean, screen, and tag themselves. A free tier is available on each API to test the full pipeline first.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/marketplace-product-image-pipeline?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full tutorial&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>ecommerce</category>
      <category>automation</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Content Moderation for Marketplace Seller Listings (Python)</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2026 17:52:16 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/content-moderation-for-marketplace-seller-listings-python-128h</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/content-moderation-for-marketplace-seller-listings-python-128h</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;On a marketplace, your catalog is built from images other people upload, whether from third-party sellers on a structured e-commerce site or from individuals posting ads on a classifieds platform. At any real volume you cannot review them by hand, and you cannot afford not to. Prohibited or offensive images do show up: weapons, drugs, explicit material, a hate symbol printed on a t-shirt. One of them reaching the storefront is a brand problem, a payment-processor problem, and sometimes a legal one. The risk runs higher on classifieds, where uploads come from individuals rather than vetted sellers.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A content moderation API screens every upload automatically and sends only the ambiguous ones to a human. This guide builds that for an e-commerce catalog in Python: scoring a listing image, a policy that passes legitimate product categories while blocking prohibited ones, a gate at listing creation, and a bulk backfill. All code runs against a live API.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to try it first? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Screen an image with the content moderation API&lt;/a&gt; on your own listings.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Why a Generic Nudity Filter Hurts a Marketplace
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The instinct is to bolt on a nudity detector and block anything it flags. On a marketplace that backfires. An apparel seller listing a bikini, a lingerie brand, a swimwear store: a blanket nudity filter rejects all of them and you lose real sellers and real sales. The same photo that is a violation on a social feed is a legitimate product on a fashion marketplace.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;So marketplace moderation is not "block flagged images." It is "apply a policy that knows your catalog": reject genuinely prohibited content, let category-relevant product imagery through, and send the in-between to a fast human review. That needs a moderation API that returns which category fired and how confidently, not a single score.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 1: Score a Listing Image
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Send the seller's image and get back the labels the API is confident about. A clean product photo returns an empty list:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return the moderation labels for an image (empty list means clean).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com/nsfw-detect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ModerationLabels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Each label has a &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;, a &lt;code&gt;Confidence&lt;/code&gt; (0 to 100), and a &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;. Labels are hierarchical, so the top-level categories are the ones with an empty &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;. Print them on a sample of your real listings to see the exact names you need:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;seller_photo.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;categories&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;categories&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ['Swimwear or Underwear']   on a bikini listing (legit for apparel)
# ['Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco']         on a prohibited listing
# []                          on a clean product photo
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 2: A Policy That Knows Your Catalog
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Map each category to a listing action, and make the category-relevant ones &lt;code&gt;review&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;approve&lt;/code&gt; instead of a hard reject. An apparel marketplace reviews swimwear rather than blocking it; a wine marketplace allows alcohol:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Tune per marketplace. A category absent from the table is approved.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;LISTING_POLICY&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Explicit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Non-Explicit Nudity of Intimate parts and Kissing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Violence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Hate Symbols&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                      &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                   &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Category-relevant for apparel -&amp;gt; review, do not auto-reject
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Swimwear or Underwear&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                             &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Gambling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Alcohol absent -&amp;gt; approved (wine and spirits sellers)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Map moderation labels to a verdict: approve, review, or reject.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;          &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# top-level categories only
&lt;/span&gt;            &lt;span class="k"&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;LISTING_POLICY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Confidence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Confidence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;leather_shoe.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('approve', [])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bikini.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;         &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('review', ['Swimwear or Underwear (97%)'])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;prohibited.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('reject', ['Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco (100%)'])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The bikini listing lands in &lt;code&gt;review&lt;/code&gt;, not the bin, so a human confirms a legitimate apparel product in seconds instead of the system silently killing the sale. One table, edited per marketplace, serves a fashion store, a wine merchant, or a general bazaar.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Building a trust-and-safety layer? The &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation API&lt;/a&gt; has a free tier to test on your catalog.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 3: Gate at Listing Creation
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A listing usually has several images, and it should be gated by its worst one. Screen them all on submit, strictest verdict wins:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;RANK&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;on_new_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_paths&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Screen every image on a new listing; the strictest verdict wins.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_paths&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;RANK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;RANK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="nf"&gt;publish_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;            &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# goes live
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="nf"&gt;queue_for_review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# human checks
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="nf"&gt;reject_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# seller is notified why
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Returning a clear reason on a reject matters: the seller sees why and can fix the photo instead of opening a support ticket.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 4: Backfill the Existing Catalog
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Listings created before you added the check still need screening. Run a one-time batch concurrently, and act on each result as it lands:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;concurrent.futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;try&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;except&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;moderation error: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;listing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;backfill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;catalog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;submit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;screen_one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;catalog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;res&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;res&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;res&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# pull or review these
&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;backfill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;all_listings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;flagged&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; listings need attention&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Failing safe to &lt;code&gt;review&lt;/code&gt; on error keeps a failed call from quietly approving a listing.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Honest Limits
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;It does not catch counterfeits or IP misuse.&lt;/strong&gt; A fake handbag looks like a real one. Brand rights and authenticity need seller verification and brand registries, not a pixel score.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Restricted does not equal unsafe.&lt;/strong&gt; Whether a legal product can be sold in a given country is a category-and-jurisdiction rule, separate from whether the image is offensive.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Thresholds are yours to tune.&lt;/strong&gt; Too strict and you bury reviewers in legitimate apparel; too loose and prohibited items slip through. Tune against your own catalog.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;For moderating non-commerce user uploads (profile photos, chat images, review photos), see the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/content-moderation-api-user-uploads?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation guide for user uploads&lt;/a&gt;, and for a provider comparison, the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/best-nsfw-detection-apis-compared?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;best content moderation APIs comparison&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Getting Started
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Grab a key from the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;content moderation API page&lt;/a&gt;, run &lt;code&gt;moderate&lt;/code&gt; over a sample of your real listings to see which categories fire, and set &lt;code&gt;LISTING_POLICY&lt;/code&gt; so legitimate product categories review or pass while prohibited ones reject. Wire it into listing creation, backfill once, and prohibited products stop reaching your storefront. A free tier is available to test first.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/content-moderation-marketplace-listings?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full tutorial&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>ecommerce</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Face Recognition Attendance System with REST API (Python)</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:24:13 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/face-recognition-attendance-system-with-rest-api-python-40j</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/face-recognition-attendance-system-with-rest-api-python-40j</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Punch cards get shared. Fingerprint scanners spread germs and fail on worn fingertips. A face recognition attendance system fixes both: an employee looks at a camera, the system matches the face against a registered repository, and the check-in is logged. No hardware beyond a webcam or phone.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This builds one in Python with a face analysis REST API, no OpenCV, dlib, or local model required.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to see the matching in action? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Face Analyzer API&lt;/a&gt; with two photos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Why a REST API instead of OpenCV
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Rolling your own means dlib or a deep model, a GPU for reasonable latency, and ongoing maintenance of the recognition pipeline. A REST API handles detection, embedding, and matching server-side. You manage a face repository and call two endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Setting up the face repository
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;BASE&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;BASE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/create-facial-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Content-Type&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;office-hq&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Registering employees
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;register_employee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;employee_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;BASE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/save-face-in-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;office-hq&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;external_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;employee_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;max_faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;register_employee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;alice.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;EMP-001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;register_employee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bob.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;EMP-002&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;See the repository-management details in the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/face-recognition-attendance-system-python-api?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;complete tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The check-in endpoint
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;At check-in, search the repository for the captured face:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;check_in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;BASE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/search-face-in-repository&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;photo_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)},&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;repository_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;office-hq&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;matches&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;FaceMatches&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[])&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;matches&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ExternalImageId&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;matches&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;employee&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;check_in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;checkin_capture.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Checked in: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;employee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;employee&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;No match, try again&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Wrapping it in Flask
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;flask&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Flask&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;request&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;jsonify&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;datetime&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;datetime&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;app&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Flask&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;__name__&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nd"&gt;@app.route&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/checkin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;methods&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;POST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;checkin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;():&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nb"&gt;file&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;request&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nb"&gt;file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;save&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/tmp/capture.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;emp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;check_in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;/tmp/capture.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;emp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;jsonify&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;({&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;employee_id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;emp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;str&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;datetime&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;now&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;())})&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;jsonify&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;({&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;no match&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;404&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Anti-spoofing and privacy
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Pair the check-in with a liveness step (ask for a blink or head turn) to block photo-of-a-photo buddy punching. For GDPR compliance, store only the repository's face identifiers, get explicit employee consent, and provide a delete path with the delete-face-from-repository endpoint.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Face recognition vs fingerprint
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Face recognition is contactless, works on any phone or webcam, and is hard to share. Fingerprint hardware is cheap but fails on worn fingertips and raises hygiene concerns. For distributed or remote teams, the camera-based approach wins on reach.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/face-recognition-attendance-system-python-api?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full tutorial with the complete Flask app, cURL tests, and JavaScript examples&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>computervision</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Content Moderation API: Screen User Uploads Beyond Nudity</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 06:25:10 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/content-moderation-api-screen-user-uploads-beyond-nudity-964</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/content-moderation-api-screen-user-uploads-beyond-nudity-964</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;The moment your product lets users upload images, profile photos, listing pictures, chat attachments, review photos, you inherit a Trust and Safety problem. Someone will upload something that breaks your policy, and if it reaches other users before you catch it, that is a brand and sometimes a legal incident. Manual review does not scale past a trickle of uploads. A content moderation API screens every image automatically and lets a human handle only the genuinely ambiguous ones.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This builds that flow: one call to score an image across the risk categories, a per-category policy engine that turns scores into an allow / review / block decision, and a concurrent batch pattern for real platform volume. All code is Python and runs against a live API.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to test it on your own uploads? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the content moderation API&lt;/a&gt; on a sample image.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Moderation is more than a nudity filter
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A lot of "NSFW detection" content treats moderation as one yes/no question about nudity. Real platform policy is broader. Weapons and gore, drug paraphernalia, hate symbols, and gambling promotions all break the rules on most platforms, and none of them are nudity. The API returns labels across a broad set of categories (nudity, suggestive content, violence, visually disturbing imagery, drugs and tobacco, alcohol, gambling, hate symbols, rude gestures), each with a confidence score.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;That breadth lets your policy distinguish a weapon from a wine bottle instead of lumping everything into "bad."&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 1: Score an image
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Send an image (file or public URL) and get back the labels the model is confident about. A clean image returns an empty list:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return the moderation labels for an image (empty list means clean).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://nsfw-detect3.p.rapidapi.com/nsfw-detect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ModerationLabels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Each label has a &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;, a &lt;code&gt;Confidence&lt;/code&gt; (0 to 100), and a &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;. Labels are hierarchical and can be a few levels deep (a specific drug label sits under a broader &lt;code&gt;Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco&lt;/code&gt; category). Top-level categories are the ones with an empty &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;. The reliable way to build a policy is to first see which top-level categories the API actually returns on your content:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;sample_upload.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;categories&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;categories&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ['Gambling']          on a poker photo
# ['Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco']   on a pills photo
# []                    on a clean photo
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 2: Turn scores into a policy decision
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The labels are not a decision. A wine marketplace allows alcohol; a kids' app blocks it. Your policy lives in a small table that maps each top-level category to an action and a threshold:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Use the exact Names the API returns for your content (see Step 1).
# A category absent from the table is allowed.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;POLICY&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Explicit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Non-Explicit Nudity of Intimate parts and Kissing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Violence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Hate Symbols&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                      &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Drugs &amp;amp; Tobacco&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                   &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Swimwear or Underwear&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                             &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Gambling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;                                          &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# Alcohol is not listed, so it is allowed (e.g. a wine marketplace)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Map moderation labels to a verdict: allow, review, or block.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;allow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;labels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ParentName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;          &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# match on top-level categories only
&lt;/span&gt;            &lt;span class="k"&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;POLICY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Confidence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;threshold&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Confidence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;rule&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;


&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;clean_photo.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('allow', [])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;wine_listing.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('allow', [])  Alcohol is not in the policy
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;poker_table.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)))&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# ('review', ['Gambling (99%)'])
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Three ideas make this work at scale. Match on the top-level category (empty &lt;code&gt;ParentName&lt;/code&gt;) so a deeply nested label still maps to the right rule. Set thresholds per category. And use three outcomes, not two: block clear violations, allow clean images, and route the uncertain middle to a human.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Curious which categories fire on your content? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/nsfw-detect?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Run the API on a sample&lt;/a&gt; and print the top-level labels.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 3: Screen uploads at scale
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A live platform does not moderate one image at a time. Screen a batch concurrently and act on each verdict as it lands:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;concurrent.futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;upload&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;upload: dict with id and local path. Returns the moderation verdict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;try&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;decide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;moderate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;upload&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]))&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;except&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# On error, fail safe to review rather than letting content through
&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;moderation error: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;upload&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;reasons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;screen_batch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;uploads&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;blocked&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;allowed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;submit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;screen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;u&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;uploads&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;block&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;blocked&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;allow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;allowed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;verdict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;blocked&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;allowed&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Publish the allowed bucket, hold the blocked bucket, and push the review bucket to your moderation queue. The fail-safe to review on error matters: when the API call fails, you want the image held for a human, not published unchecked.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Honest limits
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A moderation API is a strong first line, not the whole system. It scores pixels, not intent, so the same image can be a violation or legitimate news depending on context the model cannot see (that is what the review queue is for). Thresholds are a product decision: strict catches more but annoys real users with false positives. Policy is regional, and images are one surface (text, video, and audio need their own moderation).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/content-moderation-api-user-uploads?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide with the review-queue pattern and the honest limits&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>security</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Background Removal at Scale: A High-Volume Pipeline for Ecommerce</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 05:49:56 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/background-removal-at-scale-a-high-volume-pipeline-for-ecommerce-55n0</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/background-removal-at-scale-a-high-volume-pipeline-for-ecommerce-55n0</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;You run an online store, a marketplace integration, or a product-data pipeline, and you have thousands of product photos shot against inconsistent backgrounds: vendor warehouses, kitchen tables, studio sweeps, phone snaps. Marketplaces want clean, uniform images. Doing this by hand in Photoshop does not scale past a few dozen SKUs. A background removal API turns it into a batch job you run once and forget.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This walkthrough covers the scaling patterns that matter when you are processing a whole catalog: single calls, concurrent batches, white-background output for marketplace listings, and a retry-safe pipeline. All code is Python and runs against a live API.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to see the cutout quality on your own products? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/background-removal?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Background Removal API&lt;/a&gt; on a sample image.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Why backgrounds matter for conversion
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Product image quality is not cosmetic. Amazon requires a pure white background (RGB 255, 255, 255) for main listing images. Shopify themes look broken when one product floats on white and the next sits on a gray kitchen counter. Consistent backgrounds make a catalog look professional, and that consistency is part of how shoppers judge whether a store is trustworthy. The problem is that source images almost never arrive consistent, especially when vendors or drop-shippers supply them.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;So the real job is not "remove one background." It is "normalize thousands of inconsistent images into one clean look, repeatably, as new products arrive."&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The single call
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Start with one image to confirm the shape. Install the two packages first (&lt;code&gt;pip install requests tqdm&lt;/code&gt;), then:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com/remove-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Content-Type&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;application/json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://example.com/product.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# URL to the transparent PNG
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The response includes the output &lt;code&gt;image_url&lt;/code&gt; plus &lt;code&gt;width&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;height&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;size_bytes&lt;/code&gt;, which you can store alongside your product records.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  White background for marketplace listings
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Transparency is great for your own site, but marketplaces usually want a solid white backdrop. Instead of removing the background and then compositing onto white in a second step, use the color-background endpoint to do both at once:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;on_white&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Remove background and composite the product onto solid white.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com/color-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Content-Type&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;application/json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;resp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;bg_color&lt;/code&gt; value is R,G,B,A (each 0 to 255), so &lt;code&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/code&gt; is opaque white. Swap it if a channel needs a brand color behind the product.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Run the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/background-removal-at-scale-ecommerce?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;white-background call on a product photo&lt;/a&gt; and check the result before wiring up a batch.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Batch a whole catalog concurrently
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A catalog migration is the moment scaling matters. Processing sequentially, 10,000 images at 1.5 seconds each is over 4 hours of wall-clock time. With a concurrency pool, the same job finishes in a fraction of that. Here is a retry-safe batch processor:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;csv&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;concurrent.futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tqdm&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tqdm&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;URL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://background-removal-ai.p.rapidapi.com/color-background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;process&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;retries&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Process one product image, retrying on transient errors.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;attempt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;retries&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;try&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;URL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Content-Type&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;application/json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;bg_color&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;255,255,255,255&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="n"&gt;timeout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;raise_for_status&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;except&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;attempt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;retries&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;str&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# products.csv has columns: sku, image_url
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;products.csv&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;products&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;csv&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;DictReader&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;failures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;max_workers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;submit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;process&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;products&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;tqdm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;as_completed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;futures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;desc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Removing backgrounds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;result&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;failures&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;((&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;out_url&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Processed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; images, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;failures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; failed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;max_workers=10&lt;/code&gt; setting controls concurrency. Tune it to your plan's rate limit: higher means faster but risks throttling. The retry loop absorbs transient network blips so a single failure does not abort a 10,000-image run, and failed SKUs land in a list you can re-run.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Quality control at scale
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Most product photos cut out cleanly, but a catalog always has a tail of hard cases: reflective bottles, transparent or glossy packaging, white products on near-white surfaces. Publishing a bad cutout looks worse than the original photo, so a high-volume pipeline needs a QA step. You cannot eyeball 10,000 images, so flag the suspicious ones automatically and send only those to a human:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;statistics&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;flag_for_review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;results_with_meta&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;results_with_meta: list of (sku, width, height, size_bytes, category)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;sizes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;results_with_meta&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;median&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;statistics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;median&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sizes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;tricky&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;glassware&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;jewelry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;transparent-packaging&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;h&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;size_bytes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;category&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;results_with_meta&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;too_small&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;size_bytes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;median&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mf"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class="c1"&gt;# over-cropped subject
&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;too_small&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;category&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tricky&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;append&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Two cheap signals catch most failures: an output whose file size is far from the batch norm, and products in categories you already know are tricky. Route the flagged SKUs to a review queue and auto-publish the rest, keeping human effort on the few percent that need it.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  When a cloud API beats self-hosting
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Open-source models like rembg are free and fine for low volume. At catalog scale the calculus changes: a managed API holds quality across hair, fur, and transparent packaging where lighter models struggle, there is no GPU fleet to operate, and you monitor one pipeline with retries and a single output format instead of a model deployment you maintain. The trade-off is a per-call cost and a network dependency, usually worth it when image quality directly affects conversion.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/background-removal-at-scale-ecommerce?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide with the new-product ingest worker and the gradient and blur options&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Build eKYC for Your SaaS: Match a Selfie to an ID with an API</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 05:49:50 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/build-ekyc-for-your-saas-match-a-selfie-to-an-id-with-an-api-jnl</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/build-ekyc-for-your-saas-match-a-selfie-to-an-id-with-an-api-jnl</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Your SaaS needs to confirm new users are who they claim to be: a fintech opening accounts, a marketplace onboarding sellers, a gig app vetting workers. The standard step is eKYC. The user uploads a government ID and takes a selfie, and your backend checks that the selfie matches the photo on the ID. Building that from scratch means face-recognition models and document parsing. Two APIs handle both halves, and you can wire the onboarding step together in an afternoon.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This walkthrough builds the two layers you can ship quickly: extracting the ID data with an OCR API, and matching the selfie to the ID photo with a face comparison API, then combining them into an approve / review / reject decision. Every snippet runs against live endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to test the match step now? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the Face Analyzer API&lt;/a&gt; on a selfie and an ID photo.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  What eKYC actually requires
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;It helps to be precise about the layers, because no single API does all of them and overclaiming here is how teams ship insecure onboarding:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Document data extraction&lt;/strong&gt; - read the name, date of birth, document number, and expiry off the ID. This uses an OCR API.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Face match&lt;/strong&gt; - confirm the selfie is the same person as the ID photo. This uses a face comparison API.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Liveness&lt;/strong&gt; - confirm the selfie is a live person, not a photo of a photo or a screen replay. A separate concern.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Document authenticity&lt;/strong&gt; - confirm the ID itself is genuine and unaltered. Also separate, and the hardest to automate.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The first two are the layers you can build today with a couple of API calls, and they catch the most common case: a user submitting someone else's ID.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 1: Extract the ID data with OCR
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Send the ID image to the OCR endpoint and get the text back. For a national ID, license, or passport, it returns every printed field:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;OCR_HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;read_id_document&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;OCR an ID document, return the raw extracted text.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com/ocr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;OCR_HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;fullText&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Labels and values come back on separate lines, exact order varying by document. To turn that into structured fields, pipe it through an LLM, the same pattern as an invoice or receipt parser.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Reading IDs, invoices, or receipts? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/ocr-wizard?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Try the OCR Wizard API&lt;/a&gt; on your own document.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 2: Match the selfie to the ID photo
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Now the core of identity verification: does the selfie belong to the same person as the photo on the ID. The compare-faces endpoint takes two images and returns the faces that matched. A useful detail: you can pass the full ID image as the target without cropping the photo first, and the API locates the face on the document for you.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;FACE_HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;faces_match&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return True if the selfie matches the face on the ID document.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;id_img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com/compare-faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;FACE_HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;source_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;target_image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;id.jpg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;id_img&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image/jpeg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;get&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;matchedFaces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]))&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;A non-empty &lt;code&gt;matchedFaces&lt;/code&gt; means the selfie and the ID photo are the same person. An empty match with a populated &lt;code&gt;unmatchedFaces&lt;/code&gt; means a mismatch.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Curious how it scores your own pair of images? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/face-analyzer?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Run it on a selfie and an ID&lt;/a&gt; and read the matched faces back.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 3: Quality-gate the inputs with face detection
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The compare call finds the face on the ID for you, so you do not need detection to make the match. Where detection earns its place is as a quality gate before the comparison: confirm the selfie shows exactly one clear face, and confirm the ID actually has a detectable photo. That turns a useless empty match into a clear reason like "no face found on the document":&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;count_faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;Return how many faces the detector finds in an image.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"""&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://faceanalyzer-ai.p.rapidapi.com/faceanalysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;FACE_HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;image&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Zero faces on the selfie means a bad capture, two or more means someone else is in frame, and zero on the ID means the photo region was not readable. Each is a reason to route to review rather than guess.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Step 4: Turn it into a decision
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;No single call is a decision. Combine the detection gate, the document data, the expiry check, and the face match into one verdict your flow can act on:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;re&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="kn"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;datetime&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;date&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;verify_identity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;count_faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie must show exactly one clear face&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;count_faces&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;could not find a single face on the ID document&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="n"&gt;text&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;read_id_document&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;re&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;search&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;EXPIRES\s+(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;text&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;expiry&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;fromisoformat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;group&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;expiry&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;expiry&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;today&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;():&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;reject&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ID is expired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;

    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;faces_match&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;selfie_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;id_image_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;selfie did not match the ID photo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;expiry&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="bp"&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;review&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;could not read the expiry date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;approve&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;identity verified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;Auto-approve when everything lines up, auto-reject on a clear failure, and send the ambiguous middle to a human queue rather than guessing.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Honest limits
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;These two layers catch the common failure modes, but they are not a complete eKYC stack on their own. There is no liveness here, so a face match alone cannot tell a live selfie from a held-up photo of the ID owner; add a liveness step for anything high-risk. And OCR reads what is printed, it does not verify the ID is genuine; forged documents need a separate authenticity layer. Treat this as the face-match and data-extraction core of your eKYC, not the whole thing.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/ekyc-saas-selfie-id-verification?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full guide with the Flask endpoint, the response shapes, and the decision logic&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>api</category>
      <category>security</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PDF OCR in Python: Extract Text from Scanned PDFs in 5 Lines</title>
      <dc:creator>AI Engine</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2026 05:55:14 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/aiengine/pdf-ocr-in-python-extract-text-from-scanned-pdfs-in-5-lines-39fd</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/aiengine/pdf-ocr-in-python-extract-text-from-scanned-pdfs-in-5-lines-39fd</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;You have a folder of scanned PDFs. Invoices, contracts, old reports, bank statements your accountant emailed you. None of them are searchable. PyPDF2 returns empty strings because the text is locked inside pixel data, not actual characters.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The classic Python answer is Tesseract: install the binary, install pytesseract, install pdf2image and Poppler, convert each page to an image, run OCR per page, stitch the text back together. Forty lines of code, three system dependencies, and accuracy that varies with scan quality.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A cloud OCR API skips all of that. Here are the five lines of Python that replace the entire pipeline.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Want to run it now? &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/apis/ocr-wizard?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Grab a key from the OCR Wizard API&lt;/a&gt; and paste it in.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  The 5-line solution
&lt;/h2&gt;



&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;scanned.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com/ocr-pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pdf_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;first_page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;last_page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="se"&gt;\n\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;join&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;fullText&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;p&gt;No Tesseract install, no pdf2image, no Poppler, no per-page image conversion. Open the PDF, post it, join the pages.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;One detail worth knowing: the API caps each request at a 10-page range (the difference between first_page and last_page cannot exceed 10). The snippet covers any PDF from 1 to 10 pages in a single call.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Process PDFs longer than 10 pages
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Slide a 10-page window across the document:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="kn"&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-key&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;YOUR_API_KEY&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;x-rapidapi-host&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;URL&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;https://ocr-wizard.p.rapidapi.com/ocr-pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;BATCH&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="k"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;ocr_pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pdf_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;total_pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="n"&gt;all_pages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;start&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;total_pages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;BATCH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;end&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;min&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;start&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;BATCH&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;total_pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pdf_path&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;rb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
            &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;requests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;post&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;URL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;headers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;HEADERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pdf_file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;},&lt;/span&gt;
                              &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;first_page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;start&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;last_page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;end&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;})&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class="n"&gt;all_pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;extend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;all_pages&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class="n"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;ocr_pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;annual-report.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;total_pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; pages, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;sum&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;fullText&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt; characters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;See the folder-batch and citation variations in the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/pdf-ocr-python-5-lines?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;complete guide&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Track page numbers for citations
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The API does not return a pageNumber field, so use the list index plus your first_page offset when you need to cite specific pages:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight python"&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="n"&gt;first_page&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;offset&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ow"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;enumerate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;):&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sa"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;[Page &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;first_page&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;offset&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;] (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;detectedLanguage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
    &lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;fullText&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;][:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="se"&gt;\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="sh"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;h2&gt;
  
  
  Why skip Tesseract locally
&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Tesseract is a fine engine and still the go-to for offline, privacy-sensitive workloads. For most other use cases, the cloud approach wins on three concrete points: no system dependencies (no binary, no Poppler), no per-page image conversion (the API accepts the PDF directly), and better accuracy on noisy scans like faxes and skewed pages.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/pdf-ocr-extract-text-guide?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;full PDF OCR developer guide&lt;/a&gt; on ai-engine.net, or see how to pipe OCR into GPT-4 in the &lt;a href="https://ai-engine.net/blog/id-card-to-json-ocr-gpt?utm_source=devto&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_campaign=crosspost" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;ID Card to JSON tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

</description>
      <category>python</category>
      <category>ocr</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
      <category>api</category>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
