DEV Community: antony stark

Array and their methods in javascript

antony stark — Wed, 02 Sep 2026 05:14:04 +0000

what is a array in javascript
An Array is an object type designed for storing data collections.

Key characteristics of JavaScript arrays are:

Elements: An array is a list of values, known as elements.
Ordered: Array elements are ordered based on their index.
Zero indexed: The first element is at index 0, the second at index 1, and so on.
Dynamic size: Arrays can grow or shrink as elements are added or removed.
Heterogeneous: Arrays can store elements of different data types (numbers, strings, objects and other arrays). Example

const cars = ["Honda", "Lamborghini", "BMW"];

Array methods:-

array length The length method returns the length or size of an array example

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];

let size = fruits.length;

Pop method the pop() method is used to remove one element from the end of the array Example

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.pop();

Push method The push() method adds a new element to an array at the end: Example:-

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.push("Kiwi");

Looping statements in javascript

antony stark — Mon, 31 Aug 2026 05:41:23 +0000

Looping statements in JavaScript are used to execute a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition is met, They help eliminate repetitive code, make programs efficient, and make it easy to traverse data structures like arrays or objects

standard for loop:-
Use this loop when you know exactly how many times you want the code to run.javascript// Syntax: for (initialization; condition; afterthought)
for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
console.log("Count:", i);
}
// Output:
// Count: 1
// Count: 2
// Count: 3
Use code with caution.Initialization: Runs once before the loop starts to set up a counter (let i = 1).Condition: Evaluated before every iteration; if true, the loop runs.Afterthought: Runs at the end of every loop iteration, usually to increment the counter (i++).

while loop:-
This loop repeats a code block as long as a specified condition remains true. Use it when you don't know the exact number of iterations beforehand.javascriptlet i = 1;
while (i <= 3) {
console.log("While Count:", i);
i++;
}

do while loop
A variant of the while loop, but with one major difference: it executes the code block once before checking the condition.javascriptlet i = 10;
do {
console.log("This runs exactly once!");
} while (i < 5);

conditional statements and operators

antony stark — Thu, 27 Aug 2026 05:44:22 +0000

If and If else statement:- these conditions helps to evaluates many block of codes,it controls the flow of the program based on whether the statement is true or false

let age = 19;

if (age >= 18) {
  console.log("You are eligible for vote!"); 
}
else {
console.log("you are not eligible for vote");

}

operators in javaScript:-
operators are symbols used to perform calculations, compare values, and manipulate data types
Arithmetic operator:-

(Addition): Adds numbers or links strings together
(Subtraction): Subtracts one number from another
(Multiplication): Multiplies two numbers / (Division): Divides numbers and outputs the quotient % (Modulus): Divides numbers and outputs the remaining fraction ** (Exponentiation): Raises a base number to a designated power

Assignment operator:-
= (Assignment): Stores a direct value into a variable.
+= (Addition Assignment): Adds a value to a variable, then saves the new sum
-= (Subtraction Assignment): Subtracts a value from a variable, then saves the new difference
*= (Multiplication Assignment): Multiplies a variable by a value, then saves the new total
/= (Division Assignment): Divides a variable by a value, then saves the new total

Comparison operator or relational operator:-

Compare two values and output a boolean outcome

== (Loose Equality): Checks if values match, ignoring data types
=== (Strict Equality): Checks if both values and data types match
!= (Loose Inequality): Checks if values are unequal, ignoring data types
!== (Strict Inequality): Checks if values or data types are unequal.

, < (Greater / Less Than): Checks if the left side is larger or smaller
=, <= (Greater / Less Than or Equal): Checks boundaries on both sides.

javascript interview questions

antony stark — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 05:38:46 +0000

What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript?

In JavaScript, == is the loose equality operator,which compares two values for equality after performing type coercion if necessary. This means it converts the operands to the same type before comparing.

=== is the strict equality operator, which compares both the values and their types, without performing type conversion.

What’s new in ECMAScript 2025 (ES2025)?

ECMAScript 2025 (ES2025) Key Features:

Promise.withResolvers() → Returns a promise with its resolve and reject, simplifying async control.
Immutable Array Methods → New methods like findLast(), toReversed(), and toSorted() return new arrays instead of mutating originals.
RegExp v flag → Adds better Unicode handling in regular expressions.
Hashbang grammar → Officially allows #! at the start of JS files for CLI scripts.

Is JavaScript compiled or interpreted?

JavaScript is mostly interpreted, but modern browsers also compile it just-in-time (JIT) to make it faster.

The browser reads your JavaScript code line by line and runs it directly.
Modern browsers (like Chrome’s V8 engine) first translate parts of your code into machine code while running it, so the computer can execute it much faster.

Software Testing

antony stark — Thu, 20 Aug 2026 05:18:28 +0000

what is test case

A test case is a structured document containing a set of preconditions, precise steps, inputs, and expected results used by quality assurance (QA) teams to verify if a specific feature of a software application works correctly

what is negative test case ?

Negative test cases verify how a software application behaves when given invalid inputs, unexpected actions, or error conditions. Instead of checking if a feature works under ideal circumstances, they ensure the system rejects bad data gracefully, displays helpful error messages, and avoids crashing or exposing security flaws

What is test scenerio

A test scenario is a high-level description of a feature or function that needs to be tested. It outlines what to test from an end-user perspective, usually in a single sentence or bullet point, without listing step-by-step instructions or test data

Responsive design

antony stark — Mon, 10 Aug 2026 05:33:20 +0000

Media query:-
it is used to design the webpage according to the screen size
some of the attributes of the media query are print ,orientation etc

The best way to responsive design is to create the webpage starting in mobile phone design
Mobile-First Design: Build for small screens first, then scale up layout complexity for larger displays.
code example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=h1, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        h1{
            color: aqua;
        }
        @media print {
            h1{
                color:red;
            }
        @media print and (orientation: portrait) {
            h1{
                color :grey;
            }

        }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>My Responsive Page</body>h1>
</body>
</html>

Html media tags

antony stark — Wed, 05 Aug 2026 15:08:26 +0000

Picture tag:-

It used to what content to be shown according to the display size or width of the screen,it is combined additional two tags they are img and src tag
We should give the default image for this picture tag or else the rest of the image will not be displayed
Example

<picture>
  <source media="(min-width:650px)" srcset="img_pink_flowers.jpg">
  <source media="(min-width:465px)" srcset="img_white_flower.jpg">
  <img src="img_orange_flowers.jpg" alt="Flowers" style="width:auto;">
</picture>

Audio tag:-This tag is mainly used to insert the audio file into the webpage

There are three supported audio formats in HTML: MP3, WAV, and OGG.
Example:-

<audio controls>
  <source src="horse.ogg" type="audio/ogg">
  <source src="horse.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
  Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>

Video tag:-

video tag is mainly used to insert the video content into the webpage
There are three supported video formats in HTML: MP4, WebM, and OGG.
Example

<video width="320" height="240" controls>
  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  <source src="movie.ogg" type="video/ogg">
  Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>

Html interview questions

antony stark — Tue, 04 Aug 2026 05:07:58 +0000

what is html:-

the abbreviation of the html is hypertext markup language,it is founded by tim berners lee,mainly used to give the structure of the webpage and act as the skeleton of the webpage,the latest version of the html is 5.2

what are attributes in html:-

HTML attributes are special words placed inside an element's opening tag to provide additional information, configure its behavior, or adjust its appearance.some of the eamples of the attributes are src for img ,href for a tag etc

what are value in html:-

the value attribute used in html are option,button,input,li
it is used to assign, capture, or submit data within various elements
it is mainly used in the input tag

what is css:-

the abbreviation of the css is cascading style sheets
it has three types they are inline,internal and external
it's main aim is to give design and style to the web page
the css elements can be accessed by the style tag in inline and internal tag

Tossconf event part 2 Frappe framework

antony stark — Tue, 28 Jul 2026 05:33:39 +0000

Frappe Framework

it is a full stack frame work,it's a low code and open source
ERP Next is build on frappe framework
it needs front-end as Html,Css,JS and back-end as Maria DB,Python
it start with terminal command as start bench
requirements to build a application
DB,Schema
Applicaton programming interface(API)
Session management,Authentication
Views,Report
Payement gateway
Cache
Message queue
Rendering
Concurrency
To install the frappe framework follow the documentation:-https://docs.frappe.io/framework/user/en/introduction

Day 1 of Tossconf Event

antony stark — Mon, 27 Jul 2026 04:25:58 +0000

The first day of starting speech by Mr.Muthu sir, one of the trainer in the Payilagam institute, he spoke about the topic of open source and explain about the Tamil Linux community

Introduction to open source:-Open source is a design and development model where the source code or original files of a digital resource are made publicly accessible so anyone can view, modify, and share them

Some of the Examples Python ,Firefox,Linux
One of the replacement of google play store is f-droid
some of the apps are

1.Open camera
2.Etchdroid
3.KDE connect
4.LocalSend
5.VLC media player

CSS attributes and Bootstrap

antony stark — Wed, 22 Jul 2026 05:31:19 +0000

Bootstrap:-Bootstrap is a free front-end framework for faster and easier web development

Bootstrap includes HTML and CSS based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, tables, navigation, modals, image carousels and many other, as well as optional JavaScript plugins
Bootstrap also gives you the ability to easily create responsive designs
Why Bootstrap:-
Easy to use: Anybody with just basic knowledge of HTML and CSS can start using Bootstrap
Responsive features: Bootstrap's responsive CSS adjusts to phones, tablets, and desktops
Mobile-first approach: In Bootstrap 3, mobile-first styles are part of the core framework
Browser compatibility: Bootstrap is compatible with all modern browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Edge, Safari, and Opera)

Box Model:-the term "box model" is used when talking about web design and layout.

The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps around every HTML element

Every box consists of four parts: content, padding, borders and margins

Content - The content of the box, where text and images appear
Padding - Clears an area around the content. The padding is transparent
- Border - A border that goes around the padding and content
- Margin - Clears an area outside the border. The margin is transparent

Example

div {
  width: 100px;
  border: 1px solid black;
  padding: 50px;
  margin: 20px;
}

Html table and their attributes

antony stark — Sat, 18 Jul 2026 15:27:14 +0000

Html table:- it is a tabular form representing the data or values in the rows and columns on the html document

Some of the html table tags are
<Table>:- it is table declaration tag and table elements ,contents described within this <table> tag
<Caption>:- used to give the title to the table or information about the table
<thead>:- this tag is a header section of the table tag
<tbody>:- this a body section where the actual data or values are entered
<tfoot>:- this a footer section of the table
<tr>:-this is table row tag which is used to create a row in the table ,in between this we use <td> and <th> tags to enter the value
<td>:- this tag is used to enter the values in the body section of the table
<th>:- this tag is used to enter the values in the head section of the table
<colspan>:- merge two cell of the table in the horizontal manner
<rowspan>:- merge two cell of the table in the vertical manner