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    <title>DEV Community: Calvin</title>
    <description>The latest articles on DEV Community by Calvin (@calvinoea).</description>
    <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea</link>
    <image>
      <url>https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=90,height=90,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto/https:%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fprofile_image%2F236615%2Fabb9bc55-8c81-4fad-97a3-80bfa9819829.jpeg</url>
      <title>DEV Community: Calvin</title>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea</link>
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    <language>en</language>
    <item>
      <title>Replace a Substring With Replace Method</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Sep 2023 21:21:43 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/replace-a-substring-with-replace-method-4pcl</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/replace-a-substring-with-replace-method-4pcl</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;The replace method returns a new string with the new substring you add as a parameter included in place of the other substring that you add as a parameter to be replaced.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of the method being used:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;
var poem = "She sells seashells by the seashore. The shells she sells are surely seashells."

// replace all the sea with ocean

poem = poem.replace("sea", "ocean")

poem = poem.replace("sea", "ocean")

poem = poem.replace("sea", "ocean")

console.log(poem);
// -&amp;gt; She sells oceanshells by the oceanshore. The shells she sells are surely oceanshells.


&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



</description>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>javascript</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>programming</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Using filter() Array Method to Keep Targets in an Array</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:50:22 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/using-filter-array-method-to-keep-targets-in-an-array-5203</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/using-filter-array-method-to-keep-targets-in-an-array-5203</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;If you need to implement a function to remove all values from an array that are not the same as the target value you want to return, you can use the filter() Array method like this:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;

var filter = function (arr, target) {
  // Write your code below


 var equalTarget = arr.filter(function(number) {
  return number == target;
});




  return equalTarget ;
}

var numbers = [1, 3, 5, 7, 5, 3, 1];
var only3 = filter(numbers, 3);
console.log(only3);
// -&amp;gt; [3, 3]
console.log(numbers);
// -&amp;gt; [1, 3, 5, 7, 5, 3, 1]


&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



</description>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>javascript</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>programming</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Repeated String Example in JavaScript</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 May 2023 13:44:09 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/repeated-string-example-in-javascript-2kmj</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/repeated-string-example-in-javascript-2kmj</guid>
      <description>&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;

var string;
var repeat;


var stringRepeater = function (string, repeat) {

 var repeatedString = "";

  while (repeat &amp;gt; 0){

    repeatedString+=string;
    repeat--

  }

  return repeatedString

}


&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;



</description>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>javascript</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>programming</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Making Your Own IsOdd Function</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 May 2023 13:23:09 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/making-your-own-isodd-function-208b</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/making-your-own-isodd-function-208b</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;var num = 0;&lt;br&gt;
var isOdd = function (num){&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;if (num % 2 !== 0){&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;return true
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;p&gt;} else {&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div class="highlight js-code-highlight"&gt;
&lt;pre class="highlight plaintext"&gt;&lt;code&gt;return false
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>javascript</category>
      <category>webdev</category>
      <category>programming</category>
      <category>tutorial</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Solidity Bits</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Jan 2022 21:51:11 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/solidity-bits-lac</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/solidity-bits-lac</guid>
      <description>&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Storage and memory keywords in Solidity language determine how variables are stored in the blockchain. Memory variables are temporary while storage variables are stored permanently on the blockchain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The internal and external keywords affect visibility of functions. Internal is similar to the private keywords, except a function with the internal keyword can be accessed by contracts that inherit from it. External functions cannot be used for internal calls and are meant to be called by other contracts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Photo credit: &lt;a href="https://unsplash.com/@theshubhamdhage?utm_source=unsplash&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_content=creditCopyText" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Shubham Dhage&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href="https://unsplash.com/s/photos/blockchain?utm_source=unsplash&amp;amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;amp;utm_content=creditCopyText" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Unsplash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>blockchain</category>
      <category>programming</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>web3</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How Blockchain Could Help Instagram</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Oct 2020 11:44:54 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/how-blockchain-could-help-instagram-22h1</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/how-blockchain-could-help-instagram-22h1</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Founded in 2010 by two software engineers, Instagram is a photo and video sharing with a lot of promise. The social network, with a billion monthly users, continues to lead the market. Similar Web gives it a ranking of 11 for popular mobile apps.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h1&gt;The Perfect Environment for Entry into the NFT Space&lt;/h1&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Instagram appears to have no shortage of innovation and dynamism as recent events show. Recently, TikTok got a bad rep for the age range of many of its readers. As the privacy and ethics of TikTok were put under question, more people opted to use Instagram Reel.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h1&gt;Is there a Future for Decentralized Social Media&lt;/h1&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Some suggest that it is not a requirement to have hundreds of thousands of followers in order to get very high views on TikTok. Despite the popular belief that going viral on TikTok is much easier than going viral on Instagram, more people are choosing to use Instagram to gain followers.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;With the guidance of Facebook, Instagram has become a greater citadel of opportunities for people around the world to form valuable connections. Since starting a decade ago, Instagram has grown from strength to strength. The integration of blockchain to its operations may serve to further promote the continued success of the social network.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The Instagram Market and Blockchain&lt;br&gt;
Instagram is an ecosystem that could benefit greatly from the use of blockchain. An ecosystem which contributes to the betterment of its users through a tokenized community could benefit significantly from the following:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;📱 Better copyright management&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;📱 Improved privacy policies for users&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;📱 Greater transparency for users&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Across the world, digital nomads roam, some physically and some through their phones. With a tokenized economy on the blockchain, Instagram could redefine its user experience for the better, further accelerating the rapid growth of its user base.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a src="https://neptuneloop.com/2020/08/22/how-blockchain-could-help-instagram/"&gt;Source: Neptune Loop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Photo by Solen Feyissa on Unsplash&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>blockchain</category>
      <category>codenewbie</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
      <category>startup</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>🧩 Code Bits =&gt; Window and Document</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2020 09:16:23 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/code-bits-window-and-document-59l</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/code-bits-window-and-document-59l</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Window is a global object of JavaScript while document is a property of the window object. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Window includes the following and more:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🔵 Global functions&lt;br&gt;
🔵 Location&lt;br&gt;
🔵 History&lt;br&gt;
🔵 Web Components&lt;br&gt;
🔵 setTimeout&lt;br&gt;
🔵 XML-Http Request&lt;br&gt;
🔵 Console&lt;br&gt;
🔵 LocalStorage&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Document includes the following:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🔵 DOM (Document Object Model) of the page&lt;br&gt;
🔵 Methods that traverse the DOM &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://thewebdev.info/2020/07/24/affordable-books-for-learning-javascript/" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>javascript</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
      <category>books</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Laravel Bits [0 =&gt; "Middleware"]</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2020 14:09:54 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/laravel-bits-0-middleware-1mej</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/laravel-bits-0-middleware-1mej</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Middleware makes the process of filtering HTTP requests for applications more convenient. In the case that a user is not authenticated, middleware redirects the user to the login screen. Where a user is authenticated, the middleware gives the request more access to the application.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/f6bMe9_dVlg" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;&lt;img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--ayiVBHPp--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_800/https://res.cloudinary.com/dbksbmf4b/image/upload/v1595170374/Screenshot_2020-07-19_at_15.52.48_wz5uup.png" width="495" height="330"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Click image to watch video




&lt;p&gt;&lt;a src="https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/middleware"&gt;Laravel, Middleware&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>laravel</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
      <category>php</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PHP 7.3 [New=&gt;Features] 🐘</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 2020 08:17:49 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/php-7-3-new-features-27lm</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/php-7-3-new-features-27lm</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;PHP 7.3 was touted as faster (9% on average) than PHP 7.2 and most compatible with the latest versions of popular CMSs like WordPress. PHP updates are automatic and unnoticeable in most cases. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Below are some of the cool new features of PHP 7.3:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🐘 Array_key_first =&amp;gt; Allows for selection of first key in an array&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🐘 Array_key_last =&amp;gt; Allows for selection of last key in an array&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🐘 Passing by reference with list language constructs&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;🐘 is_countable =&amp;gt; Helps to check variables to determine if they are countable&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbMZJ3lPJlo" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Source:Here's What's New in PHP 7.3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>php</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Web3 and Business Requirements in the 21st Century</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2020 11:07:05 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/web3-and-business-requirements-in-the-21st-century-4phb</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/web3-and-business-requirements-in-the-21st-century-4phb</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Recent global events have led to the refinement of what it means to operate a business in the 21st century. A lot of changes have taken place since the feats of ingenuity achieved by Nikola Tesla and other engineering minds. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Digitization of organizations and their processes is a very new concept. For example, Cloud technology has not existed for a long time. It’s application in modern contexts was first observed in 2006. Only a few years after that, a new digital medium of payment, Bitcoin, would be introduced to redefine the financial industry. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Every business needs to create new ways of surviving in these trying markets. As new distractions arise each and every day, more organizations are finding it increasingly more difficult to differentiate between good resources and cost centers, disguised as profit centers. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Organizations need new ways of not only surviving but also shaping the future so that they may carve their objectives into reality in the new era of Web3, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and black swans. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://bitcoin.ng/leading-venture-capitalist-describes-blockchain-as-the-most-important-invention/" src="https://bitcoin.ng/leading-venture-capitalist-describes-blockchain-as-the-most-important-invention/" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Source: Bitcoin.Ng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>blockchain</category>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>architecture</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Video Snippets: [5 =&gt; IAAS ] ☁️</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2020 17:30:47 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/video-snippets-5-iaas-1n7j</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/video-snippets-5-iaas-1n7j</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Virtaulization and containers play significant roles in the cloud computing space. They are similar in several ways but also different. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h1&gt;Virtualization&lt;/h1&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Virtualization is the foundation for Infrastructure as a Service. It is the logical division of physical computing resources. It turns a physical server into a virtual host machine. It involves fully self contained computers inside of a virtual machine. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A hypervisor is the core element of a virtualization solution which allows one to run a virtual machine where a guest operating system has access to virtual hardware. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--Ck-a9jWm--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_800/https://images.pexels.com/photos/601798/pexels-photo-601798.jpeg%3Fauto%3Dcompress%26cs%3Dtinysrgb%26dpr%3D2%26h%3D650%26w%3D940" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--Ck-a9jWm--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_800/https://images.pexels.com/photos/601798/pexels-photo-601798.jpeg%3Fauto%3Dcompress%26cs%3Dtinysrgb%26dpr%3D2%26h%3D650%26w%3D940" width="800" height="533"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h1&gt;Container&lt;/h1&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A software container is an operating system level virtualization that allows for isolated user spaces to run specific applications. Containers slice up the operating system to run specific applciations. Unlike with virtualization, there is one operating system and not multiple operating systems. This allows for less overhead. Containers involve fully self-contained applications inside a container. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://app.pluralsight.com/course-player?clipId=14a3aac2-1ebb-4d43-8f8f-bd0740c2dfb0" rel="noopener noreferrer"&gt;Fundamentals of Cloud Computing by David Davis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
      <category>googlecloud</category>
      <category>aws</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Understanding HTTP Request/Response Cycle</title>
      <dc:creator>Calvin</dc:creator>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2020 08:28:26 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>https://dev.to/calvinoea/understanding-http-request-response-cycle-b3m</link>
      <guid>https://dev.to/calvinoea/understanding-http-request-response-cycle-b3m</guid>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;There exist what may be considered as 3 main elements of a HTTP request:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;📶 Request line&lt;br&gt;
📶 Headers&lt;br&gt;
📶 Body&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://media.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fimages.pexels.com%2Fphotos%2F3541555%2Fpexels-photo-3541555.jpeg%3Fauto%3Dcompress%26cs%3Dtinysrgb%26dpr%3D2%26h%3D650%26w%3D940" class="article-body-image-wrapper"&gt;&lt;img src="https://media.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fimages.pexels.com%2Fphotos%2F3541555%2Fpexels-photo-3541555.jpeg%3Fauto%3Dcompress%26cs%3Dtinysrgb%26dpr%3D2%26h%3D650%26w%3D940" alt="http request/response cycle"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The request line is made up of a HTTP method, the URI( path of the resource), and the HTTP version.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The headers are made up of metadata and components of information about the request being sent such as cookies and authentication tokens. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The body contains information that is being sent to the server ("payload"). Examples of information sent to the server may include form data.&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
      <category>beginners</category>
      <category>ruby</category>
      <category>html</category>
      <category>todayilearned</category>
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