DEV Community: Centdam

What is web cookies, it's benefits and disadvantages

Centdam — Tue, 21 Feb 2023 05:51:16 +0000

Have you noticed that some search engines, like Google, know what you are likely to ask? You see auto completions that relate to what you are looking for. Also, how does the eCommerce site remember your cart and items, your language preferences, and your login information? All this is done with the help of website cookies. In this article, I will explain what cookies are, their benefits, and their drawbacks.

What exactly are web cookies?
Web cookies, internet cookies, or browser cookies are tiny text generated by a website and stored in the user's machine to record the activity or information about a visit or visitor, so as to make their experience on the website more customizable and convenient. they can also be used to track users track a`users behaviours in the website such as the page a user visit, how long a user spent on that page as well as what they click on,

Why do websites use cookies?
Cookies can be very helpful in many ways, such as:

Analytics: This helps the website owner know how the website is performing and also helps identify some areas of the website that need improvement.
Personalization: The most important feature of cookies is that they enable the website owner to remember the user's preferences, such as login information, shopping cart items, and language preferences.
Improve the user experience: With the help of cookies, the user experience can be improved by remembering a user's settings, Browsing history and other preferences, which makes the website more customized and convenient for users.
Is it possible that web cookies are harmful?
Web cookies can be a very useful tool, but they also have a downside or disadvantage, such as:

Privacy: Web cookies are used to collect personal information about a particular user without the user's knowledge and the information collected can be used for targeted advertising or sold to third party companies without the user's consent.
Security: Cookies can be a big security risk because they are vulnerable to cyberattacks and hacking. This can lead to users' personal information being compromised and also to identity theft.
Misuse by malicious websites: Malicious websites use cookies to track users' behavior, steal their personal information and even install malware on their computers or devices.
Conclution
While cookies are very important for websites to customize users' preferences, it can also be a threat to a user and pose security risks. It is essential for users to understand how cookies work and become able to identify harmful cookies to help make an informed decision about online activities and prevent cyber-attacks.
https://www.centdam.com.ng/blog/post/website-cookies-their-advantages-and-disadvantages/

How was ChatGPT trained?

Centdam — Thu, 02 Feb 2023 10:32:16 +0000

Considering how great ChatGPT is, it is not surprising to see questions like these being asked by so many people.
According to my research, ChatGPT was taught to communicate in conversational dialogue style and to give responses that can surprise people with how human-like they seem. It accomplishes the duty of foretelling the following word in a string of words. An additional training layer called Reinforcement Learning with Human Input (RLHF) makes use of human feedback to teach ChatGPT how to obey instructions and produce responses that are acceptable to people.
https://www.centdam.com.ng/blog/post/what-is-chatgpt-how-it-work-and-its-limitations/

Can ChatGPT write code and thus replace programmers?

Centdam — Tue, 31 Jan 2023 12:28:55 +0000

The newest iteration of Open AI's XXL machine learning language model, ChatGPT, is all the rage. It's impressive, but can it really replace programmers and write codes similarly to how computers and robots have displaced some workers?

It is difficult to say, but in the previous article, we discussed the potentials and limitations of ChatGPT, as well as the major reasons why it will not replace software engineers, and we concluded by saying NO, it cannot replace software engineers.The same is applicable to programmers. But I will say that ChatGPT can be another tool in the programmers' kit for performing some tasks, like automated tasks.

Can ChatGPT write code?
ChatGPT can be used to write code. For example, this python code below was generated by chatGPT

chatgpt example code
It is true that it can generate hundreds of lines of code, but the question is, is the code correct?

The same limitations that it has can make its codes unreliable. OpenAI provides example code to help debug code, which means that it can generate errors. OpenAI went on to confirm that the generated code could be incorrect.

Stack Overflow, a popular developer question and answer website used to troubleshoot code, has banned the use of ChatGPT on the platform because of its unreliability and because the average number of answers generated by ChatGPT is too low, making it harmful to their users looking for correct answers.

Coding aside, ChatGPT lacks the human ability to understand real-world problems and solution, just like every other machine learning tool. A good programmer must understand the purpose of the program and those who will use it.

Conclusion
In Providing a solution to an issue requires a combination of critical thinking, logic, algorithms, and understanding, which ChatGPT lacks. The generation of pre-trained AI code raises some legal issues regarding intellectual property rights. It is currently unable to distinguish between code that has a restrictive or open license. If the AI takes a pre-written line of code from a repository that is protected by copyright, this could put users at risk of not complying with licensing requirements.

Will ChatGPT replace software engineers anytime soon?

Centdam — Thu, 26 Jan 2023 15:53:05 +0000

In the previous article, we discussed ChatGPT, how it works and its limitations. The methodology behind ChatGPT has been described in detail. Now, the question is: Will ChatGPT replace software engineers?

First, let's look at the potential applications and limitations; then we will be able to answer the questions above.

ChatGPT potentials
There are many possible uses for ChatGPT. Here are a few instances:

Writing Code:
Syntactically sound code can be produced by ChatGPT, which may even be able to resolve a particular issue. The time spent writing boilerplate code or creating code snippets might be reduced as a result.

Creating Chatbots:
Chatbots that can have natural conversations with users can be made using ChatGPT. Various contexts, like customer service or online education, may find this useful.

Content generation:
Text can be generated using ChatGPT for a variety of uses, including news articles, social media posts, and advertising.

ChatGPT limitations
Despite its impressive capabilities and accuracy training, the model has not yet received enough training because this is a brand-new technology. As a result, the AI chatbot might give false information. As a result, StackOverflow banned ChatGPT, stating that "posting answers generated by ChatGPT is substantially harmful to our site and to users who ask for or search for correct answers" because of the low average rate of correct answers from ChatGPT.

Why Chatgpt will not replace software engineers
Having seen the capabilities and limitations of ChatGPT, you will understand that it lacks some important factors that are essential in software engineering. This factor includes:

Limitation in creativity:
ChatGPT can only use the knowledge and information that it has been taught and it is unable to generate new ideas or engage in creative thinking.

Understanding:
The meaning of the words it generates and the context in which they are used cannot be understood by ChatGPT. This means that instead of comprehending the underlying concepts, it is restricted to producing text based on patterns it has discovered from its training data.

Constraints in the real world
Budgets, deadlines, and technical limitations are all examples of real-world restrictions that ChatGPT is unaware of and is unable to take into account when generating text or code.

So, will ChatGPT eliminate the need for software developers?
NO.

ChatGPT can produce code that is syntactically sound and may even be able to resolve a specific issue, but it is unable to comprehend the limitations of software development in the real world. The expertise and knowledge that a human software engineer brings to the table cannot be replaced by ChatGPT.
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What Is ChatGPT: How It Work And It's Limitations?

Centdam — Wed, 25 Jan 2023 16:13:18 +0000

Introduction
OpenAI unveiled ChatGPT, a long-form question-answering AI that successfully answers difficult inquiries. It is a revolutionary piece of technology because it can be trained to comprehend what users mean when they ask questions.

Many users are astounded by its capacity for human-quality responses, which has led them to speculate that it may one day be able to transform how people interact with computers and how information is found. It comes with a ChatGPT conversational interaction model.

ChatGPT can answer follow-up questions, confess to errors, disprove unproven hypotheses, and decline inappropriate requests. InstructGPT, a sibling model of ChatGPT, which is trained to follow a prompt's instruction and provide a thorough response.

ChatGPT was developed by San Francisco-based artificial intelligence company OpenAI, a nonprofit organization. OpenAI is renowned for its well-known DALLE deep learning model, which creates images from text prompts. Sam Altman, who formerly served as the president of Y Combinator, is the CEO. Microsoft has invested $1 billion as a partner and investor. They worked together to create the Azure AI Platform.

What is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November 2022. It is built on top of OpenAI's GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned with both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques.

How does ChatGPT work?
ChatGPT has a remarkable ability to interact in conversational dialogue form and provide responses that can appear surprisingly human. It performs the task of predicting the next word in a series of words. Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) is an additional layer of training that uses human feedback to help ChatGPT learn to follow directions and generate responses that are satisfactory to humans.

How was ChatGPT trained?
chatgpt diagram

In order to help ChatGPT learn dialogue and develop a human-like style of responding, GPT-3.5 was trained on enormous amounts of code-related data and information from the internet, including sources like Reddit discussions. In order for ChatGPT to understand what people expect when they ask a question, reinforcement learning with human feedback was also used during training. This new method of training the LLM goes beyond simply teaching it to predict the next word, making it revolutionary.

Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback

What are the limitations of ChatGPT?

An important limitation of ChatGPT is that the quality of the output depends on the quality of the input. In other words, expert directions (prompts) generate better answers.

ChatGPT is specifically programmed not to provide toxic or harmful responses. So it will avoid answering those kinds of questions.

Another limitation is that because it is trained to provide answers that feel right to humans, the answers can trick humans that the output is correct.

Many users discovered that ChatGPT can provide incorrect answers, including some that are wildly incorrect.

OpenAI explains ChatGPT's limitations as follows:

ChatGPT sometimes writes plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers. Fixing this issue is challenging, as: (1) during RL training, there’s currently no source of truth; (2) training the model to be more cautious causes it to decline questions that it can answer correctly; and (3) supervised training misleads the model because the ideal answer depends on what the model knows, rather than what the human demonstrator knows.
ChatGPT is sensitive to tweaks to the input phrasing or attempting the same prompt multiple times. For example, given one phrasing of a question, the model can claim to not know the answer, but given a slight rephrase, can answer correctly.
The model is often excessively verbose and overuses certain phrases, such as restating that it’s a language model trained by OpenAI. These issues arise from biases in the training data (trainers prefer longer answers that look more comprehensive) and well-known over-optimization issues.12
Ideally, the model would ask clarifying questions when the user provided an ambiguous query. Instead, our current models usually guess what the user intended.
While we’ve made efforts to make the model refuse inappropriate requests, it will sometimes respond to harmful instructions or exhibit biased behavior. We’re using the Moderation API to warn or block certain types of unsafe content, but we expect it to have some false negatives and positives for now. We’re eager to collect user feedback to aid our ongoing work to improve this system.
"

How to use ChatGPT

The ChatGPT webpage is simple and includes an area for the results to populate and a text box at the bottom of the page for users to type inquiries.

You also have the option of more specifically inputting requests for an essay with a specific number of paragraphs or a Wikipedia page. If there is enough information available, the generator will fulfill the commands with accurate details. Otherwise, there is potential for ChatGPT to begin filling in gaps with incorrect data. You also have the option to use ChatGPT in dark mode or light mode.

Do you need to download ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is available via a webpage, so no downloading is needed. OpenAI has yet to release an official app, despite the fact that app stores are full of fake versions. These should be installed and used with caution, as they are not official ChatGPT apps.

You can, apparently, download ChatGPT locally through Github, though it’s not necessary to use it.
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AdSense: its benefit and How To Make Money With It

Centdam — Mon, 09 Jan 2023 21:44:23 +0000

Table of Contents
Understanding AdSense
What is AdSense?
Types of AdSense
Business account
Individual account
How AdSense works
The benefits of using AdSense
How to make money with Google AdSense

Are you trying to figure out how to monetize your website, blog, or YouTube videos? Considering the time and effort you put into creating them, you deserve a reward.

Do you know that your content can earn you extra cash?

Yes, it can.

There are many ways to monetize the traffic to your website, and the majority of them involve marketing third-party goods or services to your website's users. Today, there are many advertising programs that can help you make money, but Google AdSense is the most popular.

If it sounds interesting, then allow me to take you through the following 4 steps below:

Step 1: Understanding AdSense

Step 2: A general overview of how AdSense works

Step 3: How AdSense will benefit you or your business

Step 4: Earning Money Through AdSense

Understanding AdSense
In the Google Network of content websites, website publishers can participate in Google AdSense, a program run by Google that allows them to serve text, image, video, or interactive media advertisements that are relevant to the audience.

This program was launched in 2003, is maintained by Google, and is being used by millions of websites around the world.

What is AdSense?
AdSense is a simple, cost-free way to make money online by placing advertisements next to your content. You can display engaging and pertinent ads to visitors of your website using AdSense, and you can even alter the way the ads appear so that they blend in with your website's design.

Types of AdSense
Business account

Individual account

Business account
A business account is a type of account designed for business owners, into which payments are made in the name of the company.

Individual account
Individual accounts are made for individuals' accounts, and payments are made directly into the Payee Name of the account holder.

How AdSense works
According to Google Support,

"AdSense works by matching ads to your site based on your content and visitors. The ads are created and paid for by advertisers who want to promote their products. Since these advertisers pay different prices for different ads, the amount you earn will vary."

The best part of it is that the whole process is quite simple; all you need to do is :

Make your ad space available
You sign up for an AdSense account.
Insert your account code on the website pages you want.
Google will handle the rest by displaying targeted ads on your page that are either relevant to the content of your website or to users’ previous searches, based on its proprietary algorithms.

Tip: Discover which sizes other publishers prefer to use, then take a cue from them. The most common ad sizes, for instance, are 728x90 and 300x250, according to our own study, which was based on the analysis of over 63,000 advertisers and publishers:

The benefits of using AdSense
You may be wondering at this point what Google Adsense can do for your products or company. You'll be surprised to learn that it has more benefits than you might have thought. Webfx identified five benefits of using AdSense:

AdSense is free: you don’t need to spend money to sign up for AdSense. A Google account, phone number, and address are all you need to get started.
AdSense is easy to set up: To connect your website to AdSense, just add a piece of code, and Google will take care of sizing the ads to fit the desktop and mobile versions.
AdSense lets you monetize your website by: One of the most obvious benefits is that AdSense helps you make money through your content.
A variety of advertisers work with AdSense: AdSense lets you choose and display ad content that’s relevant to your content and audience.
AdSense offers you a variety of ad formats, including: Advertisers are allowed to use text, image, HTML, and video ads using different ad sizes. Since you own the site where these ads will appear, you can choose among different ad types and pick ones that deliver revenue.
AdSense provides transparency and security: As an intermediary between the advertiser and the website owner, Google offers transparency to both parties. You can track important metrics within your Google Analytics account.
How to make money with Google AdSense
According to Google Support,

"publishers receive 68% of the revenue recognized by Google in connection with the service. For AdSense for search, publishers receive 51% of the revenue recognized by Google. These percentages are consistent, regardless of a publisher's geographic location, and are not in any way averaged between publishers. We don't disclose the revenue share for other AdSense products; the revenue share varies for other products due to different costs of developing and supporting these products."

If you are still confused and wondering how to make money with AdSense, maybe on your blog website, I have written down important tips that will help you here.

Building a location based web app

Centdam — Wed, 26 Oct 2022 18:55:18 +0000

Am building an like Uber eat, am getting the location of customer and the driver through their Ip address.

my challenge here is how to track the location of the driver in map is real time, to know if he is moving or not. Just like Uber