Most developers think an API Gateway is just a reverse proxy.

Cuong Nguyen — Sun, 14 Jun 2026 08:13:42 +0000

It's much more than that.
An API Gateway sits between clients and your backend services, acting as a single entry point for your entire system.
Clients send requests to one endpoint.
The gateway handles the complexity behind the scenes.
This means clients don't need to know:
• How many services exist
• Where those services are hosted
• How requests are authenticated
• How traffic is distributed
Instead, the gateway takes care of it.
Common responsibilities of an API Gateway:
Request routing
Authentication & authorization
Rate limiting
Load balancing
Request/response transformation
Monitoring & logging
One of the biggest advantages?
It hides backend complexity and allows your architecture to evolve without breaking client applications.
If you're building .NET applications, YARP (Yet Another Reverse Proxy) is an excellent option for implementing an API Gateway.
Simple, flexible, and built by Microsoft.
Question:
What technology do you use for your API Gateway?

7 Dependency Injection Interview Questions Every .NET Developer Should Know

Cuong Nguyen — Fri, 12 Jun 2026 07:45:16 +0000

Dependency Injection is one of the most frequently asked topics in .NET interviews.

Yet many developers can explain how to use it but struggle to explain why it exists.

Interviewers are rarely looking for textbook definitions.

They're trying to understand how you think about software design.

Here are 7 Dependency Injection interview questions that every .NET developer should be able to answer.

1. What Problem Does Dependency Injection Solve?

Most developers answer:

Dependency Injection helps with testing.

While that's true, it's only part of the story.

A stronger answer is:

Dependency Injection reduces coupling by moving object creation outside business logic and making dependencies explicit.

Without DI:

public class OrderService
{
private readonly EmailService _emailService = new EmailService();
}

OrderService is tightly coupled to EmailService.

If you want to replace EmailService, testing becomes harder and changes ripple through the codebase.

With DI:

public class OrderService
{
private readonly IEmailService _emailService;

public OrderService(IEmailService emailService)
{
    _emailService = emailService;
}

}

Now OrderService depends on an abstraction rather than a concrete implementation.

Testing becomes easier as a consequence of better design.

2. What Is Constructor Injection?

Constructor Injection is the most common form of Dependency Injection.

Dependencies are provided through the constructor.

Example:

public class ProductService
{
private readonly IRepository _repository;

public ProductService(IRepository repository)
{
    _repository = repository;
}

}

Benefits:

Required dependencies are obvious
Objects are fully initialized
Easier testing
Better maintainability

This is generally preferred over Property Injection and Service Locator.

3. What Is the Difference Between Singleton, Scoped, and Transient?

This question appears in almost every ASP.NET Core interview.

Singleton

Created once for the application's lifetime.

services.AddSingleton();

Use cases:

Configuration
In-memory caching
Shared application state
Scoped

Created once per request.

services.AddScoped();

Use cases:

Database contexts
Business services tied to requests
Transient

Created every time it's requested.

services.AddTransient();

Use cases:

Lightweight stateless services

Interview tip:

Don't just memorize definitions.

Explain when each lifetime is appropriate.

**This topic deserves its own article.

I wrote a deeper breakdown here:**

50 Dependency Injection Interview Questions

4. Why Use Interfaces with Dependency Injection?

Many developers think interfaces are required for DI.

They're not.

DI can work with concrete classes.

However, interfaces provide flexibility.

Benefits include:

Easier testing
Swappable implementations
Reduced coupling
Clear contracts

Example:

public interface IPaymentProvider
{
Task ProcessAsync();
}

Implementations:

StripePaymentProvider
PayPalPaymentProvider
BankTransferProvider

The consumer doesn't care which implementation is used.

That's the power of abstraction.

5. Can Dependency Injection Become an Anti-Pattern?

Yes.

Dependency Injection is useful, but overusing it can create unnecessary complexity.

Warning signs:

Constructors with 10+ dependencies
Services doing too many things
Excessive abstractions
Interface for every class without clear value

Example:

public class UserService(
IRepository repo,
ILogger logger,
IEmailSender sender,
ICache cache,
IValidator validator,
IMapper mapper,
INotifier notifier,
IAudit audit,
IMetrics metrics)
{
}

This often indicates a design problem rather than a DI problem.

A senior engineer sees this and starts questioning responsibilities.

6. What Is the Service Locator Pattern and Why Is It Discouraged?

Example:

public class UserService
{
public void Process()
{
var logger = ServiceLocator.Get();
}
}

The issue:

Dependencies become hidden.

Looking at the constructor no longer tells you what the class needs.

This makes:

Testing harder
Maintenance harder
Dependencies less obvious

Dependency Injection makes dependencies explicit.

Service Locator hides them.

That's why constructor injection is generally preferred.

7. What Are Common Dependency Injection Mistakes?
Injecting Too Many Dependencies

Often indicates violation of the Single Responsibility Principle.

Wrong Service Lifetimes

A common mistake:

Injecting Scoped services into Singletons.

This can lead to runtime exceptions and unexpected behavior.

Using DI Everywhere

Not every class needs an interface.

Not every object needs to come from the container.

Use abstraction when it solves a real problem.

Treating DI as a Silver Bullet

Dependency Injection improves design.

It does not automatically create good architecture.

Good architecture still requires thoughtful boundaries and responsibilities.

Final Thoughts

Most developers can explain how to register services:

services.AddScoped();

Senior developers understand why Dependency Injection exists in the first place.

The real purpose is not testing.

The real purpose is managing dependencies and reducing coupling in complex systems.

That's the kind of answer that stands out in interviews.

Because interviewers aren't just evaluating whether you've used a framework.

They're evaluating whether you understand the design principles behind it.

What is your favorite Dependency Injection interview question?

Share it below 👇
Want More .NET Interview Questions?

These 7 questions are only a small sample of what interviewers commonly ask during .NET interviews.

I've put together a much more comprehensive guide covering:

50+ real .NET interview questions
Senior-level answers and explanations
Common mistakes candidates make
Architecture and System Design discussions
Real-world scenarios used by interviewers

If you're preparing for your next .NET interview, you can read the full guide about dependency injection here:

👉 50 Dependency Injection Interview Questions

DEV Community: Cuong Nguyen

Most developers think an API Gateway is just a reverse proxy.

7 Dependency Injection Interview Questions Every .NET Developer Should Know