DEV Community: Dhafin Salman

How To Installing Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS on VirtualBox 7

Dhafin Salman — Sun, 18 Feb 2024 10:58:07 +0000

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Ubuntu merupakan sistem operasi yang berbasis atau distribusi Linux (atau sering dikenal sebagai “distro”) berbasis Debian dan kaya akan fitur di dalamnya. Sistem operasi Ubuntu bersifat open-source sehingga bisa digunakan oleh siapa saja dengan gratis.

Persyaratan Sistem
Ubuntu versi LTS terbaru, untuk PC desktop dan laptop. LTS adalah singkatan dari dukungan jangka panjang — yang berarti pembaruan keamanan dan pemeliharaan gratis selama lima tahun, dijamin hingga April 2027. Persyaratan sistem yang direkomendasikan:

2 GHz dual-core processor or better
4 GB system memory
25 GB of free hard drive space
Internet access is helpful
Either a DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media

Instalasi Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS menggunakan VirtualBox 7 pada Windows 11.
Berikut proses instalasi Ubuntu Desktop via VirtualBox:

1) Pertama download terlebih dahulu aplikasi VirtualBox, disini saya menggunakan versi 7.0.14 (https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads) dan download ISO Ubuntu, disini saya menggunakan versi Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS (https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop).

2) Sekarang buka VirtualBox dan buat Virtual Machine baru dengan mengklik opsi “New”.

3) Lalu beri nama virtual machine baru, lalu pilih tempat penyimpanan, type Linux dan versi Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) (64-bit).

4) Lalu kita buat besar RAM nya, seusia persyaratan sistem yang telah direkomendasikan. Base Memory menjadi 4 GB/4096 MB dan untuk Processor menjadi 2.

5) Lalu pada menu Harddisk kita perlu membuatnya dan memiliki Disk Size 25 GB sesuai persyaratan.

6) Setelah virtual machine dibuat, lalu kita klik opsi Settings.

7) Pada bagian Display kita memaksimalkan Video Memory hingga 128 MB untuk kinerja yang lebih baik.

8) Lalu pada bagian Storage kita tambahkan CD instalasi Ubuntu ke dalam virtual machine.

9) Kita tambah file *iso Ubuntu dengan memilih opsi “Add” dan cari dimana kita menyimpan file tersebut. Jika sudah ditambahkan, kita pilih file iso tersebut.

10) Sekarang kita tekan opsi “Start“ untuk memulai proses instalasi.

11) Tunggu sampai muncul tampilan menu instalasi Ubuntu. Pada menu ini kita tekan tombol “Enter“ untuk melanjutkan penginstalan.

12) Sekarang kita memasuki tampilan proses instalasi Ubuntu. Pada tampilan ini pilih Bahasa yang akan digunakan kemudian klik “Install Ubuntu”.

13) Pada tahap ini, Ubuntu telah mendeteksi tipe layout keyboard yang sesuai dengan PC/laptop. Pastikan layout keyboard nya sudah benar, dengan mengetikkan keyboard pada kolom yang disediakan (opsional). Jika sudah sesuai, klik “Continue”.

14) terdapat pilihan yang akan digunakan adalah “Normal Installation” dan klik “Continue”.

15) Pada layar berikutnya pilih Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu. Tekan tombol “Install Now”.

16) Setelah beberapa saat, jendela konfirmasi akan muncul, berisi info bahwa instalasi akan menggunakan file system ext4. Tekan tombol “Continue”.

17) Pilih zona waktu yang akan digunakan. Ubuntu akan mendeteksi zona waktu Jakarta by default.

18) Isi identitas pengguna. Tekan tombol “Continue”.

19) Instalasi akan dimulai. Pastikan virtual machine tetap menyala hingga proses instalasi selesai.

20) Instalasi selesai, klik tombol “Restart Now” untuk masuk ke system operasi.

21) Sekarang Proses instalasi Ubuntu via Virtualbox telah berhasil dilakukan.

How To Setup Windows Server

Dhafin Salman — Sat, 02 Dec 2023 07:51:01 +0000

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Windows Server is a brand of server operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation that supports enterprise level management, data storage, applications and communications. Windows Server acts as a server or data center which plays a role in managing the server network.

Then the thing we set is a network that functions to connect the server to the client computer/laptop. First we install a Windows Server OS on VMware.

Here's how to install Windows Server via WMware:

1) The first step is to prepare VMware and OS from Windows Server.

2) After that, pay attention to the column below. For Setup Language, just select English, then Time and Currency Format select Indonesian, then Keyboard or Input Method select US - English and after that Next.

3) Select the Operating System on Windows Server Datacenter Evaluation (Desktop Experimental).

4) Then check the license conditions and press Next.

5) Because you are installing Windows for the first time, select Custom: Install Windows Only.

6) Then select the first allocated drive in VMware, namely Drive 0 Unallocated Space and click Next.

7) After completing everything, wait for Windows to complete the installation.

8) Enter the Username for the Server and a Password that is easy to remember.

9) Then the Windows Server initial display appears and we enter the password that we have created.

After we installed a Windows Server we continued to install and setup a Web Server on Windows Server. We use IIS (Internet Information Service).

Here's how to install a Web Server in Windows Server:

1) Install IIS in Server Manager via Add Roles and Features.

2) Then click Next.

3) After that add DNS and Web Server (IIS).

4) How to access it is through Server Manager, go to Tools and look for Internet Information Service (IIS) Manager.

5) Then we enter the initial Internet Information Service (IIS) display.

6) Enter the IP of the Server on the Web on the Server and Client.

7) Then this is what the Web Server looks like on the Client.

How To Installing and Configuring RouterOS on a Laptop

Dhafin Salman — Sat, 02 Dec 2023 06:35:22 +0000

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RouterOS is a Linux-based operating system created by MikroTik to convert a computer or laptop device into a router. Here I will explain the process of installing and configuring RouterOS on a laptop device.

System requirements
RouterOS is fully compatible with pre-installed MikroTik hardware. It can also be run on third-party devices if it meets the following requirements:

i386 compatible architecture
SMP - multi-core and multi-CPU compatible
Minimum 32MB RAM (2GB maximum supported, except on Cloud Core devices and CHR installations, where there is no maximum)
IDE, SATA, USB and flash storage media with a minimum of 64MB space
Network cards supported by the linux kernel (PCI and PCI-X)

Equipment and Materials
The materials and equipment that must be prepared to install and configure RouterOS are as follows:

1) First, we have to download RouterOS first on the official Mikrotik website or other alternative link.

Web Address:
https://mikrotik.com/download
Download link:
https://download.mikrotik.com/routeros/6.48.1/mikrotik-6.48.1.iso
Winbox link:
https://mt.lv/winbox

2) A PC or Laptop device for testing.
3) Minimum 1GB flash disk for storage.
4) VirtualBox for the RouterOS installation process on a Flashdisk.

RouterOS installation process on flash disk via VirtualBox
Here's how to install RouterOS on a Flashdisk via VirtualBox:

1) First, we insert the flash disk that will be used as storage.

2) Now we open VirtualBox and create a new Virtual Machine by clicking the “New” option.

3) Then we give the new virtual machine a name, then select the storage location, OS type and OS version.

4) Then we make the RAM bigger, for free RAM because the virtual machine is only for carrying out the installation process, for the actual RAM it depends on the laptop that will be tested.

5) Then on the Hard disk menu we don't need to create one because we will use a Flash disk for the installation process.

6) After the virtual machine is created, then we click the Settings option.

7) In the system section, select Optical as the first boot.

8) Then in the Storage section, we add the RouterOS installation CD to the virtual machine.

9) We add the *iso RouterOS file by selecting the "Add" option and looking for where we save the file.

10) If it has been added, we select the ISO file.

11) Then for the USB section, we add the flash disk that has been inserted by clicking the add button on the side.

12) If the flash disk has been added, then we check the flash disk and click "OK" if all parts have been configured.

13) Now we press the “Start” option to start the installation process.

14) Wait until the RouterOS installation menu appears.

15) In this menu, we press the "a" button to select all software packages on RouterOS.

16) Then we press the "i" button to install the software package, then press the "n" button to delete the old configuration.

17) Then we select "y" to continue the RouterOS installation process and wait until the installation process is complete.

18) Once we have pressed "enter" to reboot the virtual machine or just close it straight away.

Now the RouterOS installation process in VirtualBox has been successfully carried out, now we remove the flash disk and plug it into the laptop or computer that will be tested.

Configure RouterOS on the Laptop to become an Access Point
The following is how to configure RouterOS on a laptop to become an access point router so that the laptop turns into an access point.

WARNING: The laptop or computer hard disk that is used as RouterOS must be removed because it will be formatted by the RouterOS flash disk.

Here's how to configure the Access Point Router:

1) First we insert the flash disk into the Test Laptop.

2) Turn on the laptop until the login menu appears.

3) Now we connect RouterOS to the Laptop Client to configure it.

4) If it done, we have opened Winbox.exe on the Laptop Client to configure the RouterOS Laptop.

5) Then we click refresh to look for the MAC or IP address of the connected RouterOS. If there is, it will appear at the bottom, because it has not been configured, the IP read will be 0.0.0.0.

6) Then select the Mac/IP that is read and click Connect.

7) If you have entered, we select the Wireless section.

8) We select wlan1 then click the blue tick above to activate the wlan.

9) Then we select Security Profile to add a security password for the Access Point/WiFi.

10) We click the blue Add (+) logo to add a security password. Here I give the test name for the Security Name and Authentication, we use WPA and WPA2.

11) After that we return to WiFi interfaces, we double-click the wlan1 section to configure the WIFI SSID.

12) We set the "Wireless" section, then we select the "ap bridge" mode to activate WiFi, for example I named the SSID TEST and the Security Profile we selected the security that was created earlier.

13) Now we select the IP option, then select Addresses to set the IP Address on WiFi.

14) We add the IP by clicking the blue plus button. For example, I gave the IP 10.20.0.1/16 and the interface was wlan1. If so then click Apply then OK.

15) Next, we select the IP option again and select DHCP Server to add DHCP to the WiFi access point.

16) We select "DHCP Setup" to create DHCP.

17) First, we choose which interface we will create DHCP because we will create a WIFI access point, so we select wlan1, then we click Next.

18) Then we set the IP, because we have created it before, it will automatically be read immediately, we just click Next.

19) Then we set the Gateway IP, we just choose the default according to the IP that was created earlier. Next, we select Next.

20) Then we enter the DHCP IP Range that will be given to the Client, here we just set the default according to the IP and Class that was created earlier. Next, we click Next.

21) Then we just leave the DNS section blank because we will take the DNS from the ISP, so we just go Next.

22) Now just set the default lease time, then we click Next to end the DHCP configuration.

23) If DHCP is successfully created, a dialog will appear as below, we click OK to continue with the next configuration.

24) Next we select the IP option and select Firewall to configure Firewall Nat.

25) We select the NAT section above then click the blue plus button to add a NAT Firewall Rule.

26) Click add, then we set the settings in the General section. We set the chain with "srcnat" and Out. The interface is "ether1", because ether1 will later become the ISP's path to RouterOS.

27) Then we set the Action section, we set the Action to "Masquarade" then click Apply and OK.

28) Next, we select the IP option again and select DHCP Client to add an IP Client from the ISP.

29) We add a DHCP Client by clicking the blue add button. We select the ether1 interface to receive the DHCP Client from the ISP, then we click Apply and OK.

30) If so, now we disconnect the LAN from the Laptop Client, then we connect the LAN cable from RouterOS to the ISP.

31) Now we enter the WiFi Access Point testing stage, now we look for the WiFi SSID that was created earlier then we connect it to the Laptop Client Device.

32) Then the Laptop Client is connected to RouterOS WiFi. If you look at the Connected status, the Client can now access the Internet.

How To Installing macOS Catalina on an iMac Device

Dhafin Salman — Sat, 02 Dec 2023 03:56:41 +0000

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macOS Catalina is an operating system from Apple released in 2020. On this occasion we will discuss the installation process starting from downloading the macOS Catalina installation file to setting up the macOS installation.

General System Requirements macOS Catalina

OS X 10.9 or later.
Memory of 4 GB.
12.5 GB of available storage space (OS X El Capitan 10.11.5 or later).
Some features require an Apple ID; conditions apply.
Some features require a compatible Internet service provider; fees may apply.

Mac Hardware Requirements
To get details about your Mac model, click the Apple icon at the top left of your screen and select About This Mac. The following Mac models are compatible with macOS Catalina:

MacBook (Early 2015 or later).
MacBook Air (Mid 2012 or newer).
MacBook Pro (Mid 2012 or newer).
Mac mini (Late 2012 or later).
iMac (Late 2012 or later).
iMac Pro (Year 2017).
Mac Pro (Late 2013 or later).

Equipment and Materials
Materials and equipment that must be prepared to install macOS Catalina:

1) First we have to download the macOS Catalina bootable file directly from Apple's Official App Store. If you don't have the App Store, we can download it via the following alternative link:

Web Address:
https://allmacworld.com/macos-catalina-10-15-7-free-download/
Download link:
https://download213.xyz/MAC/macOS_Catalina_10.15.7_19H2_Multilanguage.dmg

2) A 16 GB flash disk that has been formatted "mac OS (Extended Journed)" to be used as a bootable macOS Catalina

3) Apple Computer devices of course such as Mac, iMac and MacBook

Making Bootable with Terminal
Here we will use the terminal to create a bootable macOS Catalina. Here's how to make bootable:

1) First, we open Disk Utility to format the Flashdisk, then select the Flashdisk to be formatted.

2) Then click erase and format to "mac os (Extended Journed)" and give it a name, if so click Erase.

3) A warning will appear to format the flash disk, click Erase to continue the process.

4) Now we open the terminal on the iMac or other Apple device then enter Command :
“sudo”

5) Then we look for macOS Catalina Application in Finder.

6) Then right click and select Show Package Contents.

7) Then now we select the Contents folder.

8) Then we select the Resources folder.

9) Then we look for createinstallmedia then drag it to Terminal.

10) Then we drag or drag and drop the createinstallmedia file into Terminal.

11) After that enter Command :
"--volume"

12) Then we type in the volume location or drag the flash disk volume that has been formatted to mac os (Extended Journed) into the Terminal.

13) Then enter the administrator user password to continue the bootable format process.

14) After that we type "y" to continue the formatting process and press "enter".

15) Now we wait until the process is complete. If the process is successful then a dialog will appear as below, then the bootable creation process has been successful.

macOS Catalina Installation Process
Here's how to install macOS Catalina on an iMac device:

1) First, we insert the bootable flash disk into the iMac.

2) Turn on the iMac then press the “option” button on the keyboard.

3) Then select boot macOS Catalina from the inserted flash disk.

4) If you have entered the boot menu, first we format the Mac hard disk. Select the "Disk Utility" menu.

5) Next, we select the iMac internal hard disk that will be formatted.

6) Then we select Erase at the top. we name the partition/hard disk and format it to "mac os (Extended Journed)".

7) Then we click "Erase", if a dialog like the one below appears then the formatting process was successful then click done.

8) After that we close or return to the initial menu. We select "Install macOS".

9) We select continue or next.

10) Then we select agree

11) Then there will be a notification as below. We click agree to continue the process.

12) Next, we select the internal hard disk that has been formatted and named earlier to install macOS Catalina and click "Install".

13) Now wait for the installation process to complete.

14) After the installation process is complete, now we will enter the macOS setup process before use. First we set our region, after that we select continue.

15) Then options will appear as below, we leave the default by just Next or Continue.

16) Then we select the internet connection, here we will connect to the internet later after the installation process is complete then select "other network options".

17) Then we select the third option and click continue.

18) A notification will appear as below, we just click continue.

19) Then a menu will appear as below, we just leave the default and click Continue.

20) Then a menu will appear as below, we will select option 3 then click Continue.

21) Then the Apple ID login menu will appear, if we have one then log in immediately, if we don't have one then we select "sign up later" and Continue.

22) Then a notification will appear as below. Let's just click Skip.

23) Then the Terms and Conditions menu will appear as below. We select Agree to continue.

24) Options will appear as below. We click Agree to continue.

25) Now we enter the main administrator account creation menu, we create a user and password then click Continue to continue.

26) Then the Express set up menu will appear, we just leave the default and click Continue to continue.

27) Then the Analytics menu will appear as below, we just leave the default and click Continue.

28) Then the Screen Time menu will appear as below, we just leave the default and click continue.

29) Then the Siri menu will appear, here we check "Enable Ask Siri" then click Continue to continue.

30) Next, we select the language used to use the Siri feature, then we select the default language and select Continue.

31) Then we select Theme on macOS Catalina, here I select Dark so that the appearance of macOS Catalina looks better, if so, we click Continue to complete the setup.

32) We wait for the macOS Catalina setup installation process to complete.

33) Then the macOS Catalina installation process has been completed and the iMac can be used.