DEV Community: Debajyoti Das

Salesforce DX mcp server with GPT 4.5 and other LLMS to query orgs

Debajyoti Das — Mon, 11 Aug 2025 19:47:35 +0000

First setup and authorize your Salesforce Developer org into VsCode.

Then go to .vscode folder and create mcp.json.

Then paste the following in mcp.json:

{
  "servers": {
    "Salesforce DX": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@salesforce/mcp", "--orgs", "DEFAULT_TARGET_ORG", "--toolsets", "all"]
    }
  }
}

Keep the github copilot extension installed in vscode to query your org using the desired ai models.

Select Agent option in the chat window, refer to below image for reference:

Now click on the Start button to start the mcp server and also do select whichever LLM you want to use from the copilot window:

Voila! we are all set, now keep happily querying your org.

Some example queries:

Query1: Give me the names and owner name alongwith the status of leads which are from CA.

Query2: List me all the permission sets which are assigned to the user Debajyoti Das.

Query3: Remove the assignment of the 3rd permission for Debajyoti Das

For more info kindly read the git document:

salesforcecli / mcp

MCP Server for interacting with Salesforce instances

mcp

MCP Server for Interacting with Salesforce Orgs

Overview of the Salesforce DX MCP Server (Developer Preview)

The Salesforce DX MCP Server is a specialized Model Context Protocol (MCP) implementation designed to facilitate seamless interaction between large language models (LLMs) and Salesforce orgs. This MCP server provides a robust set of tools and capabilities that enable LLMs to read, manage, and operate Salesforce resources securely.

Key Features:

Direct interaction with Salesforce orgs through LLM-driven tools.
Secure access using TypeScript libraries (not shelling out to the sf Salesforce CLI).
Improved security by avoiding the exposure of secrets in plain text.
Granular access control with org allowlisting.
Modular tool architecture for easy extensibility.

NOTE: The Salesforce DX MCP Server is available as a developer preview. The feature isn’t generally available unless or until Salesforce announces its general availability in documentation or in press releases or public statements. All commands, parameters, and…

View on GitHub

Custom Salesforce LWC modal with navigation

Debajyoti Das — Thu, 07 Aug 2025 08:44:23 +0000

We are using Salesforce's 'lightning/modal' component to build modals as it has all standard functionalitites with the additional functionalities which will always make is scalable.

The modal component file:
js file:

import { api } from 'lwc';
import LightningModal from 'lightning/modal';

export default class LwcModal extends LightningModal {
    @api content;
    @api header;
    @api navigateToLead=false;
    @api leadId;

    handleClose() {
        this.close('okay');
        console.log("myModal onnavigatetoLead is called");
        this.navigateToLead=false;
    }

    //navigation cannot be done from here it needs to be done through an event and a child component
}

html file:

<template>
    <lightning-modal-header label={header}></lightning-modal-header>
    <lightning-modal-body> {content} 

    </lightning-modal-body>
    <lightning-modal-footer>
        <lightning-button variant="destructive-text" label="Close" class="slds-var-m-around_medium" onclick={handleClose}></lightning-button>

        <template lwc:if={navigateToLead}>
            <c-nav-to-lead-modal onnavigatetolead={handleClose} lead-id={leadId}></c-nav-to-lead-modal>
        </template>
    </lightning-modal-footer>
</template>

As per my use case I required a button which when clicked will the modal should close and the page should navigate to the supplied lead detail page.

The navigation works differntly on a modal when compared to a normal lwc page, the navigation requires an event to be fired and also requires a child component which makes the navigation work, you can find more on it here:

developer.salesforce.com

Below is the child compoenent which contains the navigation settings:
js file:

import { LightningElement, api } from 'lwc';

export default class NavToLeadModal extends LightningElement {
    @api leadId;

    navigateToLead()
    {
        const pageRef = {
            type: "standard__recordPage",
            attributes: {
                recordId: this.leadId,
                objectApiName: "Lead",
                actionName: "view",
            },
        };

        const evt = new CustomEvent("navigatetolead", {
            bubbles: true,
            composed: true,
            detail: pageRef
        });

        this.dispatchEvent(evt);
    }
}

html file:

<template>
    <lightning-button
        variant="brand"
        label="Go To Lead"
        class="slds-var-m-around_medium"
        onclick={navigateToLead}
    ></lightning-button>
</template>

I had to use a Platform event which when received, triggerred the modal as it was part of a notification system. So the following code is of the parent component which subscribes to the empApi when the matching Platform event is received. Attaching the parent component's code below:

js file:

import { LightningElement, wire, track } from 'lwc';
import LwcModal from 'c/lwcModal';
import USER_ID from '@salesforce/user/Id';
import { subscribe as empSubscribe, unsubscribe as empUnsubscribe, onError } from 'lightning/empApi';
import { NavigationMixin } from "lightning/navigation";

export default class LeadNotifier extends NavigationMixin(LightningElement) {
    result;
    showModal = false;
    message = '';
    leadId;
    currentUserId = USER_ID;
    subscription = {};
    channelName = '/event/LeadAssignment_PlatformEvent__e';


    connectedCallback() 
    {
        console.log('LeadNotifier component connected');
        this.registerErrorListener();
        this.subscribeToEvent();
    }

    subscribeToEvent() {
        empSubscribe(this.channelName, -1, (response) => {
            const payload = response.data.payload;
            console.log('Received PE:', JSON.stringify(payload));

            const userId = payload.User__c;
            const leadId = payload.Lead__c;
            const msg = payload.Message__c;

            if (userId === this.currentUserId) {
                this.message = msg;
                this.leadId = leadId;
                this.showModal = true;
                this.handleClick(this.message, this.leadId);
            }
        }).then((response) => {
            console.log('Subscribed to channel ', response.channel);
            this.subscription = response;

        });
    }

    registerErrorListener() {
        onError((error) => {
            console.error('EMP API error:', JSON.stringify(error));
        });
    }

    async handleClick(mssg, leadId) {

        console.log('In handleClick method, mssg: ', mssg);
        const result = await LwcModal.open({
            // `label` is not included here in this example.
            // it is set on lightning-modal-header instead
            size: 'small',
            description: 'Accessible description of modal\'s purpose',
            content: mssg,
            header: 'Lead Notification - Round Robin',
            navigateToLead: true,
            leadId: leadId,
            onnavigatetolead : (e) => {
                this[NavigationMixin.Navigate](e.detail);
            },
        });
        //onnavigatetolead event needs to be called to make the navigation to lead detail page happen

        // if modal closed with X button, promise returns result = 'undefined'
        // if modal closed with OK button, promise returns result = 'okay'
        console.log(result);
        this.result = result;
    }
}

html file:

<template>
    <template lwc:if={showModal}>
        <p>RR notif showed up!</p>
    </template>    
</template>

meta file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LightningComponentBundle xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <apiVersion>64.0</apiVersion>
    <isExposed>true</isExposed>
    <targets>
        <target>lightning__UtilityBar</target>
        <target>lightning__RecordPage</target>
        <target>lightning__RecordAction</target>
    </targets>
</LightningComponentBundle>

Below is the image of the component:

Infinite Datatable Salesforce LWC

Debajyoti Das — Fri, 03 May 2024 11:34:00 +0000

Cotroller class

public with sharing class infiniteLoadController {

    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static List<Lead> loadDataById(){
        try {
            return [Select Id, Name, Status, CreatedDate from Lead 
                order by CreatedDate DESC limit 20
            ];

        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AuraHandledException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static List<Lead> loadMoreData(String lastName, String lastId){
        try {
            return [Select Id, Name, Status, CreatedDate from Lead 
                where (Name > :lastName) OR (Name = :lastName AND Id > :lastId)
                order by Name limit 20 
            ];
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AuraHandledException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static Integer countOfLeads(){
        try {
            AggregateResult agr = [Select count(Id) recordCount from Lead];
            return (Integer)agr.get('recordCount');
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AuraHandledException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }


}

Javascript file

import { LightningElement } from 'lwc';
import loadDataById from "@salesforce/apex/infiniteLoadController.loadDataById";
import loadMoreData from "@salesforce/apex/infiniteLoadController.loadMoreData";
import countOfLeads from "@salesforce/apex/infiniteLoadController.countOfLeads";

const columns = [
    { label: 'Name', fieldName: 'Name' },
    { label: 'Status', fieldName: 'Status' },
    { label: 'CreatedDate', fieldName: 'CreatedDate', type: 'date' },
];

export default class InfiniteLoadDatatable extends LightningElement {
    data = [];
    columns = columns;
    totalRecords = 0;
    recordLoaded = 0;

    //Lifecycel methods below
    connectedCallback() //like jquery ready
    {
        this.loadData();
    }

    async loadData()
    {   
        try{
            this.totalRecords = await countOfLeads(); 
            this.data = await loadDataById();
            this.recordLoaded = this.data.length;
        }catch(error)
        {
            console.log("Error while loading", error);
        }
    }

    async loadMoreData(event)
    {
        try{
            const {target} = event; //array destructuing
            target.isLoading = true; //spinner start
            let currentRecords = this.data;
            let lastRecord = currentRecords[currentRecords.length - 1];
            let newRecords = await loadMoreData({
                lastName: lastRecord.Name,
                lastId: lastRecord.Id
            }); //param passig for imperative Apex

            this.data = [...currentRecords, ...newRecords]; //spread op
            this.recordLoaded = this.data.length;
            target.isLoading = false; //spinner stop
        }catch(error)
        {
            console.log("Error while loading", error);
        }
    }
}

html file

<template>
    <div style="height: 300px;">
        <div class="slds-page-header">
            <div class="slds-page-header__row">
                <div class="slds-page-header__col-title">
                    <div class="slds-media">
                        <div class="slds-media__figure">
                        <span class="slds-icon_container slds-icon-standard-opportunity" title="opportunity">
                            <lightning-icon icon-name="standard:lead" class="slds-icon slds-page-header__icon"></lightning-icon>
                            <span class="slds-assistive-text">lead</span>
                        </span>
                        </div>
                        <div class="slds-media__body">
                        <div class="slds-page-header__name">
                            <div class="slds-page-header__name-title">
                                <h1>
                                    <span class="slds-page-header__title slds-truncate" title="Load Lead Using Infinite Loading">Load Lead Using Infinite Loading</span>
                                </h1>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                            <p class="slds-page-header__name-meta">Total Records {totalRecords} Records Loaded {recordLoaded}</p>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <lightning-datatable key-field="Id" data={data} columns={columns} enable-infinite-loading onloadmore={loadMoreData} hide-checkbox-column="true" show-row-number-column="true">
        </lightning-datatable>
    </div>
</template>

Implementation image:

Chunked Server side Streaming NodeJs

Debajyoti Das — Mon, 11 Dec 2023 13:43:54 +0000

Following is the code for implementing live streaming by server side chunking in nodeJs, the chunk size mentioned here is of 1MB.

app.js

const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    res.sendFile(__dirname+"/index.html");
});


app.get('/video', (req, res) => {
    const range = req.headers.range;
    if(!range)
    {
        res.status(400).send('Require range header');
    }

    const videoPath = "./HoistingJavaScript.mp4";
    const videoSize = fs.statSync(videoPath).size;
    // console.log(videoSize);

    const chunkSize = 10**6; //10^6, O/p: 1000000
    const start = Number(range.replace(/\D/g, "")); // \D to replace all non-digit characters with an empty string
    const end = Math.min(start + chunkSize, videoSize-1);
    const contentLength = end - start + 1;
    const headers = {
        "Content-Range": `bytes ${start}-${end}/${videoSize}`,
        "Accept-Ranges": 'bytes',
        "Content-Length": contentLength,
        "Content-Type": "video/mp4"
    };

    res.writeHead(206, headers);//partial data 206

    const videoStream = fs.createReadStream(videoPath, {
        start, end
    });

    videoStream.pipe(res);
});

app.listen(3000, () => {
    console.log('Server is running on port 3000');
});

index.html


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Video Chunking Streaming</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Header</h1>

    <video id="vidPlr" width="50%" controls>
        <source src="/video" type="video/mp4">
    </video>
</body>
</html>

Laravel 10 global helpers

Debajyoti Das — Tue, 03 Oct 2023 06:35:19 +0000

ProjectFolder/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/helpers.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Container\Container;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Access\Gate;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Factory as AuthFactory;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Broadcasting\Factory as BroadcastFactory;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Bus\Dispatcher;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\Factory as CookieFactory;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Debug\ExceptionHandler;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\UrlGenerator;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Responsable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory as ValidationFactory;
use Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory as ViewFactory;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\PendingClosureDispatch;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\PendingDispatch;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Mix;
use Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\HttpResponseException;
use Illuminate\Queue\CallQueuedClosure;
use Illuminate\Routing\Router;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Date;
use Illuminate\Support\HtmlString;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

if (! function_exists('abort')) {
    /**
     * Throw an HttpException with the given data.
     *
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response|\Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Responsable|int  $code
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @return never
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpException
     */
    function abort($code, $message = '', array $headers = [])
    {
        if ($code instanceof Response) {
            throw new HttpResponseException($code);
        } elseif ($code instanceof Responsable) {
            throw new HttpResponseException($code->toResponse(request()));
        }

        app()->abort($code, $message, $headers);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('abort_if')) {
    /**
     * Throw an HttpException with the given data if the given condition is true.
     *
     * @param  bool  $boolean
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response|\Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Responsable|int  $code
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @return void
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpException
     */
    function abort_if($boolean, $code, $message = '', array $headers = [])
    {
        if ($boolean) {
            abort($code, $message, $headers);
        }
    }
}

if (! function_exists('abort_unless')) {
    /**
     * Throw an HttpException with the given data unless the given condition is true.
     *
     * @param  bool  $boolean
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response|\Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Responsable|int  $code
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @return void
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpException
     */
    function abort_unless($boolean, $code, $message = '', array $headers = [])
    {
        if (! $boolean) {
            abort($code, $message, $headers);
        }
    }
}

if (! function_exists('action')) {
    /**
     * Generate the URL to a controller action.
     *
     * @param  string|array  $name
     * @param  mixed  $parameters
     * @param  bool  $absolute
     * @return string
     */
    function action($name, $parameters = [], $absolute = true)
    {
        return app('url')->action($name, $parameters, $absolute);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('app')) {
    /**
     * Get the available container instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $abstract
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application|\Illuminate\Foundation\Application|mixed
     */
    function app($abstract = null, array $parameters = [])
    {
        if (is_null($abstract)) {
            return Container::getInstance();
        }

        return Container::getInstance()->make($abstract, $parameters);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('app_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the application folder.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function app_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->path($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('asset')) {
    /**
     * Generate an asset path for the application.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @param  bool|null  $secure
     * @return string
     */
    function asset($path, $secure = null)
    {
        return app('url')->asset($path, $secure);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('auth')) {
    /**
     * Get the available auth instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $guard
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Factory|\Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard|\Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\StatefulGuard
     */
    function auth($guard = null)
    {
        if (is_null($guard)) {
            return app(AuthFactory::class);
        }

        return app(AuthFactory::class)->guard($guard);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('back')) {
    /**
     * Create a new redirect response to the previous location.
     *
     * @param  int  $status
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @param  mixed  $fallback
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse
     */
    function back($status = 302, $headers = [], $fallback = false)
    {
        return app('redirect')->back($status, $headers, $fallback);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('base_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the base of the install.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function base_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->basePath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('bcrypt')) {
    /**
     * Hash the given value against the bcrypt algorithm.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return string
     */
    function bcrypt($value, $options = [])
    {
        return app('hash')->driver('bcrypt')->make($value, $options);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('broadcast')) {
    /**
     * Begin broadcasting an event.
     *
     * @param  mixed|null  $event
     * @return \Illuminate\Broadcasting\PendingBroadcast
     */
    function broadcast($event = null)
    {
        return app(BroadcastFactory::class)->event($event);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('cache')) {
    /**
     * Get / set the specified cache value.
     *
     * If an array is passed, we'll assume you want to put to the cache.
     *
     * @param  mixed  ...$arguments  key|key,default|data,expiration|null
     * @return mixed|\Illuminate\Cache\CacheManager
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    function cache(...$arguments)
    {
        if (empty($arguments)) {
            return app('cache');
        }

        if (is_string($arguments[0])) {
            return app('cache')->get(...$arguments);
        }

        if (! is_array($arguments[0])) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'When setting a value in the cache, you must pass an array of key / value pairs.'
            );
        }

        return app('cache')->put(key($arguments[0]), reset($arguments[0]), $arguments[1] ?? null);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('config')) {
    /**
     * Get / set the specified configuration value.
     *
     * If an array is passed as the key, we will assume you want to set an array of values.
     *
     * @param  array|string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed|\Illuminate\Config\Repository
     */
    function config($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        if (is_null($key)) {
            return app('config');
        }

        if (is_array($key)) {
            return app('config')->set($key);
        }

        return app('config')->get($key, $default);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('config_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the configuration path.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function config_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->configPath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('cookie')) {
    /**
     * Create a new cookie instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $name
     * @param  string|null  $value
     * @param  int  $minutes
     * @param  string|null  $path
     * @param  string|null  $domain
     * @param  bool|null  $secure
     * @param  bool  $httpOnly
     * @param  bool  $raw
     * @param  string|null  $sameSite
     * @return \Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar|\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Cookie
     */
    function cookie($name = null, $value = null, $minutes = 0, $path = null, $domain = null, $secure = null, $httpOnly = true, $raw = false, $sameSite = null)
    {
        $cookie = app(CookieFactory::class);

        if (is_null($name)) {
            return $cookie;
        }

        return $cookie->make($name, $value, $minutes, $path, $domain, $secure, $httpOnly, $raw, $sameSite);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('csrf_field')) {
    /**
     * Generate a CSRF token form field.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\HtmlString
     */
    function csrf_field()
    {
        return new HtmlString('<input type="hidden" name="_token" value="'.csrf_token().'">');
    }
}

if (! function_exists('csrf_token')) {
    /**
     * Get the CSRF token value.
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    function csrf_token()
    {
        $session = app('session');

        if (isset($session)) {
            return $session->token();
        }

        throw new RuntimeException('Application session store not set.');
    }
}

if (! function_exists('database_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the database path.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function database_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->databasePath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('decrypt')) {
    /**
     * Decrypt the given value.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @param  bool  $unserialize
     * @return mixed
     */
    function decrypt($value, $unserialize = true)
    {
        return app('encrypter')->decrypt($value, $unserialize);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('dispatch')) {
    /**
     * Dispatch a job to its appropriate handler.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $job
     * @return \Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\PendingDispatch
     */
    function dispatch($job)
    {
        return $job instanceof Closure
                ? new PendingClosureDispatch(CallQueuedClosure::create($job))
                : new PendingDispatch($job);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('dispatch_sync')) {
    /**
     * Dispatch a command to its appropriate handler in the current process.
     *
     * Queueable jobs will be dispatched to the "sync" queue.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $job
     * @param  mixed  $handler
     * @return mixed
     */
    function dispatch_sync($job, $handler = null)
    {
        return app(Dispatcher::class)->dispatchSync($job, $handler);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('encrypt')) {
    /**
     * Encrypt the given value.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @param  bool  $serialize
     * @return string
     */
    function encrypt($value, $serialize = true)
    {
        return app('encrypter')->encrypt($value, $serialize);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('event')) {
    /**
     * Dispatch an event and call the listeners.
     *
     * @param  string|object  $event
     * @param  mixed  $payload
     * @param  bool  $halt
     * @return array|null
     */
    function event(...$args)
    {
        return app('events')->dispatch(...$args);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('fake') && class_exists(\Faker\Factory::class)) {
    /**
     * Get a faker instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $locale
     * @return \Faker\Generator
     */
    function fake($locale = null)
    {
        if (app()->bound('config')) {
            $locale ??= app('config')->get('app.faker_locale');
        }

        $locale ??= 'en_US';

        $abstract = \Faker\Generator::class.':'.$locale;

        if (! app()->bound($abstract)) {
            app()->singleton($abstract, fn () => \Faker\Factory::create($locale));
        }

        return app()->make($abstract);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('info')) {
    /**
     * Write some information to the log.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    function info($message, $context = [])
    {
        app('log')->info($message, $context);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('logger')) {
    /**
     * Log a debug message to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return \Illuminate\Log\LogManager|null
     */
    function logger($message = null, array $context = [])
    {
        if (is_null($message)) {
            return app('log');
        }

        return app('log')->debug($message, $context);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('lang_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the language folder.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function lang_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->langPath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('logs')) {
    /**
     * Get a log driver instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $driver
     * @return \Illuminate\Log\LogManager|\Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    function logs($driver = null)
    {
        return $driver ? app('log')->driver($driver) : app('log');
    }
}

if (! function_exists('method_field')) {
    /**
     * Generate a form field to spoof the HTTP verb used by forms.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\HtmlString
     */
    function method_field($method)
    {
        return new HtmlString('<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="'.$method.'">');
    }
}

if (! function_exists('mix')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to a versioned Mix file.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @param  string  $manifestDirectory
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\HtmlString|string
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    function mix($path, $manifestDirectory = '')
    {
        return app(Mix::class)(...func_get_args());
    }
}

if (! function_exists('now')) {
    /**
     * Create a new Carbon instance for the current time.
     *
     * @param  \DateTimeZone|string|null  $tz
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\Carbon
     */
    function now($tz = null)
    {
        return Date::now($tz);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('old')) {
    /**
     * Retrieve an old input item.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed
     */
    function old($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        return app('request')->old($key, $default);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('policy')) {
    /**
     * Get a policy instance for a given class.
     *
     * @param  object|string  $class
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    function policy($class)
    {
        return app(Gate::class)->getPolicyFor($class);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('precognitive')) {
    /**
     * Handle a Precognition controller hook.
     *
     * @param  null|callable  $callable
     * @return mixed
     */
    function precognitive($callable = null)
    {
        $callable ??= function () {
            //
        };

        $payload = $callable(function ($default, $precognition = null) {
            $response = request()->isPrecognitive()
                ? ($precognition ?? $default)
                : $default;

            abort(Router::toResponse(request(), value($response)));
        });

        if (request()->isPrecognitive()) {
            abort(204, headers: ['Precognition-Success' => 'true']);
        }

        return $payload;
    }
}

if (! function_exists('public_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the public folder.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function public_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->publicPath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('redirect')) {
    /**
     * Get an instance of the redirector.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $to
     * @param  int  $status
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @param  bool|null  $secure
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Redirector|\Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse
     */
    function redirect($to = null, $status = 302, $headers = [], $secure = null)
    {
        if (is_null($to)) {
            return app('redirect');
        }

        return app('redirect')->to($to, $status, $headers, $secure);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('report')) {
    /**
     * Report an exception.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable|string  $exception
     * @return void
     */
    function report($exception)
    {
        if (is_string($exception)) {
            $exception = new Exception($exception);
        }

        app(ExceptionHandler::class)->report($exception);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('report_if')) {
    /**
     * Report an exception if the given condition is true.
     *
     * @param  bool  $boolean
     * @param  \Throwable|string  $exception
     * @return void
     */
    function report_if($boolean, $exception)
    {
        if ($boolean) {
            report($exception);
        }
    }
}

if (! function_exists('report_unless')) {
    /**
     * Report an exception unless the given condition is true.
     *
     * @param  bool  $boolean
     * @param  \Throwable|string  $exception
     * @return void
     */
    function report_unless($boolean, $exception)
    {
        if (! $boolean) {
            report($exception);
        }
    }
}

if (! function_exists('request')) {
    /**
     * Get an instance of the current request or an input item from the request.
     *
     * @param  array|string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed|\Illuminate\Http\Request|string|array|null
     */
    function request($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        if (is_null($key)) {
            return app('request');
        }

        if (is_array($key)) {
            return app('request')->only($key);
        }

        $value = app('request')->__get($key);

        return is_null($value) ? value($default) : $value;
    }
}

if (! function_exists('rescue')) {
    /**
     * Catch a potential exception and return a default value.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @param  mixed  $rescue
     * @param  bool|callable  $report
     * @return mixed
     */
    function rescue(callable $callback, $rescue = null, $report = true)
    {
        try {
            return $callback();
        } catch (Throwable $e) {
            if (value($report, $e)) {
                report($e);
            }

            return value($rescue, $e);
        }
    }
}

if (! function_exists('resolve')) {
    /**
     * Resolve a service from the container.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    function resolve($name, array $parameters = [])
    {
        return app($name, $parameters);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('resource_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the resources folder.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function resource_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->resourcePath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('response')) {
    /**
     * Return a new response from the application.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\View\View|string|array|null  $content
     * @param  int  $status
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response|\Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory
     */
    function response($content = '', $status = 200, array $headers = [])
    {
        $factory = app(ResponseFactory::class);

        if (func_num_args() === 0) {
            return $factory;
        }

        return $factory->make($content, $status, $headers);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('route')) {
    /**
     * Generate the URL to a named route.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  mixed  $parameters
     * @param  bool  $absolute
     * @return string
     */
    function route($name, $parameters = [], $absolute = true)
    {
        return app('url')->route($name, $parameters, $absolute);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('secure_asset')) {
    /**
     * Generate an asset path for the application.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function secure_asset($path)
    {
        return asset($path, true);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('secure_url')) {
    /**
     * Generate a HTTPS url for the application.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @param  mixed  $parameters
     * @return string
     */
    function secure_url($path, $parameters = [])
    {
        return url($path, $parameters, true);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('session')) {
    /**
     * Get / set the specified session value.
     *
     * If an array is passed as the key, we will assume you want to set an array of values.
     *
     * @param  array|string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed|\Illuminate\Session\Store|\Illuminate\Session\SessionManager
     */
    function session($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        if (is_null($key)) {
            return app('session');
        }

        if (is_array($key)) {
            return app('session')->put($key);
        }

        return app('session')->get($key, $default);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('storage_path')) {
    /**
     * Get the path to the storage folder.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @return string
     */
    function storage_path($path = '')
    {
        return app()->storagePath($path);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('to_route')) {
    /**
     * Create a new redirect response to a named route.
     *
     * @param  string  $route
     * @param  mixed  $parameters
     * @param  int  $status
     * @param  array  $headers
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse
     */
    function to_route($route, $parameters = [], $status = 302, $headers = [])
    {
        return redirect()->route($route, $parameters, $status, $headers);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('today')) {
    /**
     * Create a new Carbon instance for the current date.
     *
     * @param  \DateTimeZone|string|null  $tz
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\Carbon
     */
    function today($tz = null)
    {
        return Date::today($tz);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('trans')) {
    /**
     * Translate the given message.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $key
     * @param  array  $replace
     * @param  string|null  $locale
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Translation\Translator|string|array|null
     */
    function trans($key = null, $replace = [], $locale = null)
    {
        if (is_null($key)) {
            return app('translator');
        }

        return app('translator')->get($key, $replace, $locale);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('trans_choice')) {
    /**
     * Translates the given message based on a count.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  \Countable|int|array  $number
     * @param  array  $replace
     * @param  string|null  $locale
     * @return string
     */
    function trans_choice($key, $number, array $replace = [], $locale = null)
    {
        return app('translator')->choice($key, $number, $replace, $locale);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('__')) {
    /**
     * Translate the given message.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $key
     * @param  array  $replace
     * @param  string|null  $locale
     * @return string|array|null
     */
    function __($key = null, $replace = [], $locale = null)
    {
        if (is_null($key)) {
            return $key;
        }

        return trans($key, $replace, $locale);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('url')) {
    /**
     * Generate a url for the application.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $path
     * @param  mixed  $parameters
     * @param  bool|null  $secure
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\UrlGenerator|string
     */
    function url($path = null, $parameters = [], $secure = null)
    {
        if (is_null($path)) {
            return app(UrlGenerator::class);
        }

        return app(UrlGenerator::class)->to($path, $parameters, $secure);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('validator')) {
    /**
     * Create a new Validator instance.
     *
     * @param  array  $data
     * @param  array  $rules
     * @param  array  $messages
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator|\Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory
     */
    function validator(array $data = [], array $rules = [], array $messages = [], array $attributes = [])
    {
        $factory = app(ValidationFactory::class);

        if (func_num_args() === 0) {
            return $factory;
        }

        return $factory->make($data, $rules, $messages, $attributes);
    }
}

if (! function_exists('view')) {
    /**
     * Get the evaluated view contents for the given view.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $view
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Arrayable|array  $data
     * @param  array  $mergeData
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\View\View|\Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory
     */
    function view($view = null, $data = [], $mergeData = [])
    {
        $factory = app(ViewFactory::class);

        if (func_num_args() === 0) {
            return $factory;
        }

        return $factory->make($view, $data, $mergeData);
    }
}

Laravel error handling

Debajyoti Das — Thu, 06 Jul 2023 07:08:14 +0000

Just a post on Exception handling using Laravel, the following code is for catching known exceptions:


    public function set_quote(Request $request)
    {

        // Validate input
        $this->rules = [
            'id' => '',
            'author' => 'required',
            'quote' => 'required',
        ];
        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $this->rules);

        if($validator->fails())
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>$validator->errors()->first()], 200);
        try{

            $resp = Quote::updateOrCreate(['id' => $request->id], $request->all());
            $this->data['response'] = $resp;
            if($resp->wasRecentlyCreated == true)
                return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'Created Successfully', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);       
            elseif($resp->wasRecentlyCreated == false)
                return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'Updated Successfully', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);   
        }
        catch(\Illuminate\Database\QueryException $e)
        {
            $er_msg = 'Data truncated as data too long';   
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message' => $er_msg, 'data'=>[]], 200);
        }
        catch(Exception $e)
        {
            //echo get_class($e); //To get the exception class name
            $er_msg = $e->getMessage();   
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message' => $er_msg, 'data'=>[]], 200);
        }    
        /*finally
        {
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message' => $er_msg, 'data'=>[]], 200);   
        }*/

    }

N.B: For namespacing, you need to first \ if the class is not included as a use statement.

Laravel 10 Mailing

Debajyoti Das — Thu, 01 Jun 2023 05:38:52 +0000

php artisan make:mail GeneralMail


use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;
use App\Http\Traits\GeneralTrait;

public function forgot_password(Request $request)
{
$this->rules = [
            'email' => 'required|email',
        ];

        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $this->rules);

        if($validator->fails())
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>$validator->errors()], 200);
        try {
            $user = User::where('email', $request->email)->first();
            if($user == null)
                throw new Exception('User does not exists');

            $otp = $this->otp_get();

            $user->update([
                'otp' => $otp,
            ]);

            $this->data['to'] = $request->email;
            $this->data['name'] = $user->name;
            $this->data['subject'] = env('APP_NAME').' - Forgot Password';
            $this->data['mailFromId'] = (config()->get('mail.from.address') != '') ? config()->get('mail.from.address') : env('MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS');

            $txt = '';
            $txt .= '<p>OTP: '.$otp.'</p>';  
            $this->data['txt'] = $txt;

            Mail::to($this->data['to'])->send(new GeneralMail($this->data));                                
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>$e->getMessage()], 200);
        }   

        return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'OTP sent successfully to your mail', 'data'=>[]], 200);
}

app/Http/Mail/GeneralMail.php

<?php

namespace App\Mail;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailable;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailables\Content;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailables\Envelope;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;

use Illuminate\Mail\Mailables\Address;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailables\Attachment;

class GeneralMail extends Mailable
{
    use Queueable, SerializesModels;

    public $mail_arr = [];

    /**
     * Create a new message instance.
     */
    public function __construct($data = [])
    {
        //
        $this->mail_arr['name'] = $data['name'];
        $this->mail_arr['subject'] = $data['subject'];
        $this->mail_arr['mailFromId'] = $data['mailFromId'];
        $this->mail_arr['txt'] = $data['txt'];
    }

    /**
     * Get the message envelope.
     */
    public function envelope(): Envelope
    {
        return new Envelope(
            from: new Address($this->mail_arr['mailFromId'], config('setting.siteName')),
            subject: $this->mail_arr['subject'],
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get the message content definition.
     */
    public function content(): Content
    {
        return new Content(
            // view: 'mails.only_text_mail_layout.blade',
            // html: 'emails.orders.shipped',
            // text: 'emails.orders.shipped-text'
            markdown: 'mails.only_text_mail_layout',
            with: [
                'mail_arr' => $this->mail_arr,
            ],
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get the attachments for the message.
     *
     * @return array<int, \Illuminate\Mail\Mailables\Attachment>
     */
    public function attachments(): array
    {
        return [];
        // Attachment::fromPath(asset('uploads/profile_images/1670928231_4.chrlws.jpg'))
            //     ->as('admin_propic.jpg')
                // ->withMime('application/pdf'),
                // ->withMime('image/jpeg'),
    }
}

app/resources/views/mails/general_mail_template.blade.php

<body>

@component('mail::message')
{{-- <center><img src="{{asset('uploads/'.config()->get('setting.logo'))}}" style="width: 200px; height: 50px;" type="image/x-icon"></center> --}}

# Hi {{$mail_arr['name']}},<br>
<hr>
{!! $mail_arr['txt'] !!}

<hr>

Thanks,<br>
# {{ config('app.name') }}
@endcomponent

</body>

JWT auth using Laravel Passport in Laravel 10

Debajyoti Das — Thu, 25 May 2023 11:33:52 +0000

composer require laravel/passport -W
php artisan migrate
php artisan passport:install

In User model:

<?php

namespace App\Models;

...
use Laravel\Passport\HasApiTokens;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasApiTokens, HasFactory, Notifiable;

    ...
}

In config/auth.php:

'guards' => [
    'web' => [
        'driver' => 'session',
        'provider' => 'users',
    ],

    'api' => [
        'driver' => 'passport',
        'provider' => 'users',
    ],
],

php artisan passport:keys
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=passport-config

Added an extra feature in AuthServiceProvider:

<?php
...
use Laravel\Passport\Passport;

class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    ...
    public function boot()
    {
        $this->registerPolicies();
        Passport::tokensExpireIn(now()->addDays(15));
    }
}

If personal client key is not set:
php artisan passport:client --personal

AuthController:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;

class AuthController extends Controller
{
    //
    protected $data = [];
    protected $rules = [];

    public function register(Request $request)
    {
        // Validate input
        $this->rules = [
            'name' => 'required',
            'email' => 'required|email|unique:users',
            'password' => 'required|min:6',
        ];
        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $this->rules);

        if($validator->fails())
        {
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>$validator->errors()], 200);
        }

        // Create new user
        User::create([
            'name' => $request->name,
            'email' => $request->email,
            'password' => Hash::make($request->password),
        ]);

        return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'Registered Successfully!', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);
    }

    public function login(Request $request)
    {
        // Validate input
        $this->rules = [
            'email' => 'required|email',
            'password' => 'required',
        ];
        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $this->rules);

        if($validator->fails())
            return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>$validator->errors()], 200);

        // Attempt to authenticate
        if (Auth::attempt(['email' => $request->email, 'password' => $request->password])) {
            // Issue access token
            $this->data['token'] = 'Bearer '.auth()->user()->createToken('TestProject', ['*'])->accessToken;

            return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'Sign in successful!', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);
        }
        else
            return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message'=>'Creds not matching!', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);

    }

    public function user()
    {
        // Retrieve the authenticated user
        $this->data['user'] = auth()->user();
        if($this->data['user'] == null)
            return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message'=>'Invalid Token', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);

        return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message' => 'Records retrieved!', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);
    }

    public function logout () 
    {
        $token = auth()->user()->token();
        $token->revoke();
        return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message'=>'You have been successfully logged out!', 'data'=>$this->data], 200);
    }
}

When making API calls, sending application/json in Header's Accept key is always a good idea as it will return the following if bearer token mismatches:

{
    "message": "Unauthenticated."
}

Btw default postman will pass / in Header's Accept key which will throw the following error or head render the /login page:

Route [login] not defined. in file

The above code can be found in Authenticate middleware

Zip upload with validations in Laravel

Debajyoti Das — Thu, 04 May 2023 10:18:16 +0000

Following code is for unzipping files, then validating and lastly saving in the database.

public function unzip_contents_gallery(Request $request)
    {
        try{
            $v = [];
            $allowed_exts = [
                'png',
                'jpeg',
                'jpg',
                'webp',
            ];
            $zip = new ZipArchive();
            $status = $zip->open($request->file("zip_gallery")->getRealPath());

            if ($status !== true) 
                throw new Exception('Un-supported zip archive');

            for($i=0; $i<$zip->count();$i++)
            {
                array_push($v, ['name' => $zip->getNameIndex($i)]);
                $ext_name_arr = explode('.', $zip->getNameIndex($i));
                if(!(in_array(end($ext_name_arr), $allowed_exts)))
                    throw new Exception('File not supprted!');
            } 
            $rules = [
                '*.name' => 'required|unique:galleries,gallery',
            ];
            $validator = Validator::make($v, $rules);
            if($validator->fails()) 
                throw new Exception(json_encode($validator->errors()->all()));
                // throw new Exception($validator->errors()->first());

            $storageDestinationPath = public_path('uploads/gallery_images');
            if (!\File::exists( $storageDestinationPath)) {
                \File::makeDirectory($storageDestinationPath, 0755, true);
            }
            $zip->extractTo($storageDestinationPath);
            $zip->close();
            for($i=0; $i<count($v);$i++)
            {
                Gallery::create([
                    'gallery' =>  $v[$i]
                ]);
            } 

            $msg = "File Upload Successfully";
            return redirect()->back()->withSuccess($msg);
        }
        catch(Exception $e)
        {
            return redirect()->back()->withErrors($e->getMessage());
        }
    }

HTTP status codes from Laravel Response file

Debajyoti Das — Mon, 01 May 2023 13:08:58 +0000

The following array is extracted from the Response php just to check out the HTTP status codes.

    public static $statusTexts = [
        100 => 'Continue',
        101 => 'Switching Protocols',
        102 => 'Processing',            // RFC2518
        103 => 'Early Hints',
        200 => 'OK',
        201 => 'Created',
        202 => 'Accepted',
        203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
        204 => 'No Content',
        205 => 'Reset Content',
        206 => 'Partial Content',
        207 => 'Multi-Status',          // RFC4918
        208 => 'Already Reported',      // RFC5842
        226 => 'IM Used',               // RFC3229
        300 => 'Multiple Choices',
        301 => 'Moved Permanently',
        302 => 'Found',
        303 => 'See Other',
        304 => 'Not Modified',
        305 => 'Use Proxy',
        307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
        308 => 'Permanent Redirect',    // RFC7238
        400 => 'Bad Request',
        401 => 'Unauthorized',
        402 => 'Payment Required',
        403 => 'Forbidden',
        404 => 'Not Found',
        405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
        406 => 'Not Acceptable',
        407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
        408 => 'Request Timeout',
        409 => 'Conflict',
        410 => 'Gone',
        411 => 'Length Required',
        412 => 'Precondition Failed',
        413 => 'Content Too Large',                                           // RFC-ietf-httpbis-semantics
        414 => 'URI Too Long',
        415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
        416 => 'Range Not Satisfiable',
        417 => 'Expectation Failed',
        418 => 'I\'m a teapot',                                               // RFC2324
        421 => 'Misdirected Request',                                         // RFC7540
        422 => 'Unprocessable Content',                                       // RFC-ietf-httpbis-semantics
        423 => 'Locked',                                                      // RFC4918
        424 => 'Failed Dependency',                                           // RFC4918
        425 => 'Too Early',                                                   // RFC-ietf-httpbis-replay-04
        426 => 'Upgrade Required',                                            // RFC2817
        428 => 'Precondition Required',                                       // RFC6585
        429 => 'Too Many Requests',                                           // RFC6585
        431 => 'Request Header Fields Too Large',                             // RFC6585
        451 => 'Unavailable For Legal Reasons',                               // RFC7725
        500 => 'Internal Server Error',
        501 => 'Not Implemented',
        502 => 'Bad Gateway',
        503 => 'Service Unavailable',
        504 => 'Gateway Timeout',
        505 => 'HTTP Version Not Supported',
        506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',                                     // RFC2295
        507 => 'Insufficient Storage',                                        // RFC4918
        508 => 'Loop Detected',                                               // RFC5842
        510 => 'Not Extended',                                                // RFC2774
        511 => 'Network Authentication Required',                             // RFC6585
    ];

Below given is Laravel's Response.php file:

<?php

/*
 * This file is part of the Symfony package.
 *
 * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */

namespace Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation;

// Help opcache.preload discover always-needed symbols
class_exists(ResponseHeaderBag::class);

/**
 * Response represents an HTTP response.
 *
 * @author Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 */
class Response
{
    public const HTTP_CONTINUE = 100;
    public const HTTP_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101;
    public const HTTP_PROCESSING = 102;            // RFC2518
    public const HTTP_EARLY_HINTS = 103;           // RFC8297
    public const HTTP_OK = 200;
    public const HTTP_CREATED = 201;
    public const HTTP_ACCEPTED = 202;
    public const HTTP_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203;
    public const HTTP_NO_CONTENT = 204;
    public const HTTP_RESET_CONTENT = 205;
    public const HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206;
    public const HTTP_MULTI_STATUS = 207;          // RFC4918
    public const HTTP_ALREADY_REPORTED = 208;      // RFC5842
    public const HTTP_IM_USED = 226;               // RFC3229
    public const HTTP_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300;
    public const HTTP_MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301;
    public const HTTP_FOUND = 302;
    public const HTTP_SEE_OTHER = 303;
    public const HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED = 304;
    public const HTTP_USE_PROXY = 305;
    public const HTTP_RESERVED = 306;
    public const HTTP_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307;
    public const HTTP_PERMANENTLY_REDIRECT = 308;  // RFC7238
    public const HTTP_BAD_REQUEST = 400;
    public const HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
    public const HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402;
    public const HTTP_FORBIDDEN = 403;
    public const HTTP_NOT_FOUND = 404;
    public const HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405;
    public const HTTP_NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406;
    public const HTTP_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407;
    public const HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408;
    public const HTTP_CONFLICT = 409;
    public const HTTP_GONE = 410;
    public const HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411;
    public const HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412;
    public const HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413;
    public const HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414;
    public const HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415;
    public const HTTP_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416;
    public const HTTP_EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417;
    public const HTTP_I_AM_A_TEAPOT = 418;                                               // RFC2324
    public const HTTP_MISDIRECTED_REQUEST = 421;                                         // RFC7540
    public const HTTP_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY = 422;                                        // RFC4918
    public const HTTP_LOCKED = 423;                                                      // RFC4918
    public const HTTP_FAILED_DEPENDENCY = 424;                                           // RFC4918
    public const HTTP_TOO_EARLY = 425;                                                   // RFC-ietf-httpbis-replay-04
    public const HTTP_UPGRADE_REQUIRED = 426;                                            // RFC2817
    public const HTTP_PRECONDITION_REQUIRED = 428;                                       // RFC6585
    public const HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 429;                                           // RFC6585
    public const HTTP_REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE = 431;                             // RFC6585
    public const HTTP_UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS = 451;                               // RFC7725
    public const HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500;
    public const HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501;
    public const HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY = 502;
    public const HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
    public const HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504;
    public const HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;
    public const HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES_EXPERIMENTAL = 506;                        // RFC2295
    public const HTTP_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE = 507;                                        // RFC4918
    public const HTTP_LOOP_DETECTED = 508;                                               // RFC5842
    public const HTTP_NOT_EXTENDED = 510;                                                // RFC2774
    public const HTTP_NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 511;                             // RFC6585

    /**
     * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-Control
     */
    private const HTTP_RESPONSE_CACHE_CONTROL_DIRECTIVES = [
        'must_revalidate' => false,
        'no_cache' => false,
        'no_store' => false,
        'no_transform' => false,
        'public' => false,
        'private' => false,
        'proxy_revalidate' => false,
        'max_age' => true,
        's_maxage' => true,
        'immutable' => false,
        'last_modified' => true,
        'etag' => true,
    ];

    /**
     * @var ResponseHeaderBag
     */
    public $headers;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $content;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $version;

    /**
     * @var int
     */
    protected $statusCode;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $statusText;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $charset;

    /**
     * Status codes translation table.
     *
     * The list of codes is complete according to the
     * {@link https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Status Code Registry}
     * (last updated 2021-10-01).
     *
     * Unless otherwise noted, the status code is defined in RFC2616.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    public static $statusTexts = [
        100 => 'Continue',
        101 => 'Switching Protocols',
        102 => 'Processing',            // RFC2518
        103 => 'Early Hints',
        200 => 'OK',
        201 => 'Created',
        202 => 'Accepted',
        203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
        204 => 'No Content',
        205 => 'Reset Content',
        206 => 'Partial Content',
        207 => 'Multi-Status',          // RFC4918
        208 => 'Already Reported',      // RFC5842
        226 => 'IM Used',               // RFC3229
        300 => 'Multiple Choices',
        301 => 'Moved Permanently',
        302 => 'Found',
        303 => 'See Other',
        304 => 'Not Modified',
        305 => 'Use Proxy',
        307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
        308 => 'Permanent Redirect',    // RFC7238
        400 => 'Bad Request',
        401 => 'Unauthorized',
        402 => 'Payment Required',
        403 => 'Forbidden',
        404 => 'Not Found',
        405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
        406 => 'Not Acceptable',
        407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
        408 => 'Request Timeout',
        409 => 'Conflict',
        410 => 'Gone',
        411 => 'Length Required',
        412 => 'Precondition Failed',
        413 => 'Content Too Large',                                           // RFC-ietf-httpbis-semantics
        414 => 'URI Too Long',
        415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
        416 => 'Range Not Satisfiable',
        417 => 'Expectation Failed',
        418 => 'I\'m a teapot',                                               // RFC2324
        421 => 'Misdirected Request',                                         // RFC7540
        422 => 'Unprocessable Content',                                       // RFC-ietf-httpbis-semantics
        423 => 'Locked',                                                      // RFC4918
        424 => 'Failed Dependency',                                           // RFC4918
        425 => 'Too Early',                                                   // RFC-ietf-httpbis-replay-04
        426 => 'Upgrade Required',                                            // RFC2817
        428 => 'Precondition Required',                                       // RFC6585
        429 => 'Too Many Requests',                                           // RFC6585
        431 => 'Request Header Fields Too Large',                             // RFC6585
        451 => 'Unavailable For Legal Reasons',                               // RFC7725
        500 => 'Internal Server Error',
        501 => 'Not Implemented',
        502 => 'Bad Gateway',
        503 => 'Service Unavailable',
        504 => 'Gateway Timeout',
        505 => 'HTTP Version Not Supported',
        506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',                                     // RFC2295
        507 => 'Insufficient Storage',                                        // RFC4918
        508 => 'Loop Detected',                                               // RFC5842
        510 => 'Not Extended',                                                // RFC2774
        511 => 'Network Authentication Required',                             // RFC6585
    ];

    /**
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException When the HTTP status code is not valid
     */
    public function __construct(?string $content = '', int $status = 200, array $headers = [])
    {
        $this->headers = new ResponseHeaderBag($headers);
        $this->setContent($content);
        $this->setStatusCode($status);
        $this->setProtocolVersion('1.0');
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Response as an HTTP string.
     *
     * The string representation of the Response is the same as the
     * one that will be sent to the client only if the prepare() method
     * has been called before.
     *
     * @see prepare()
     */
    public function __toString(): string
    {
        return
            sprintf('HTTP/%s %s %s', $this->version, $this->statusCode, $this->statusText)."\r\n".
            $this->headers."\r\n".
            $this->getContent();
    }

    /**
     * Clones the current Response instance.
     */
    public function __clone()
    {
        $this->headers = clone $this->headers;
    }

    /**
     * Prepares the Response before it is sent to the client.
     *
     * This method tweaks the Response to ensure that it is
     * compliant with RFC 2616. Most of the changes are based on
     * the Request that is "associated" with this Response.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function prepare(Request $request): static
    {
        $headers = $this->headers;

        if ($this->isInformational() || $this->isEmpty()) {
            $this->setContent(null);
            $headers->remove('Content-Type');
            $headers->remove('Content-Length');
            // prevent PHP from sending the Content-Type header based on default_mimetype
            ini_set('default_mimetype', '');
        } else {
            // Content-type based on the Request
            if (!$headers->has('Content-Type')) {
                $format = $request->getRequestFormat(null);
                if (null !== $format && $mimeType = $request->getMimeType($format)) {
                    $headers->set('Content-Type', $mimeType);
                }
            }

            // Fix Content-Type
            $charset = $this->charset ?: 'UTF-8';
            if (!$headers->has('Content-Type')) {
                $headers->set('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset='.$charset);
            } elseif (0 === stripos($headers->get('Content-Type'), 'text/') && false === stripos($headers->get('Content-Type'), 'charset')) {
                // add the charset
                $headers->set('Content-Type', $headers->get('Content-Type').'; charset='.$charset);
            }

            // Fix Content-Length
            if ($headers->has('Transfer-Encoding')) {
                $headers->remove('Content-Length');
            }

            if ($request->isMethod('HEAD')) {
                // cf. RFC2616 14.13
                $length = $headers->get('Content-Length');
                $this->setContent(null);
                if ($length) {
                    $headers->set('Content-Length', $length);
                }
            }
        }

        // Fix protocol
        if ('HTTP/1.0' != $request->server->get('SERVER_PROTOCOL')) {
            $this->setProtocolVersion('1.1');
        }

        // Check if we need to send extra expire info headers
        if ('1.0' == $this->getProtocolVersion() && str_contains($headers->get('Cache-Control', ''), 'no-cache')) {
            $headers->set('pragma', 'no-cache');
            $headers->set('expires', -1);
        }

        $this->ensureIEOverSSLCompatibility($request);

        if ($request->isSecure()) {
            foreach ($headers->getCookies() as $cookie) {
                $cookie->setSecureDefault(true);
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sends HTTP headers.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function sendHeaders(): static
    {
        // headers have already been sent by the developer
        if (headers_sent()) {
            return $this;
        }

        // headers
        foreach ($this->headers->allPreserveCaseWithoutCookies() as $name => $values) {
            $replace = 0 === strcasecmp($name, 'Content-Type');
            foreach ($values as $value) {
                header($name.': '.$value, $replace, $this->statusCode);
            }
        }

        // cookies
        foreach ($this->headers->getCookies() as $cookie) {
            header('Set-Cookie: '.$cookie, false, $this->statusCode);
        }

        // status
        header(sprintf('HTTP/%s %s %s', $this->version, $this->statusCode, $this->statusText), true, $this->statusCode);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sends content for the current web response.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function sendContent(): static
    {
        echo $this->content;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sends HTTP headers and content.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function send(): static
    {
        $this->sendHeaders();
        $this->sendContent();

        if (\function_exists('fastcgi_finish_request')) {
            fastcgi_finish_request();
        } elseif (\function_exists('litespeed_finish_request')) {
            litespeed_finish_request();
        } elseif (!\in_array(\PHP_SAPI, ['cli', 'phpdbg'], true)) {
            static::closeOutputBuffers(0, true);
            flush();
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response content.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setContent(?string $content): static
    {
        $this->content = $content ?? '';

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the current response content.
     */
    public function getContent(): string|false
    {
        return $this->content;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the HTTP protocol version (1.0 or 1.1).
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setProtocolVersion(string $version): static
    {
        $this->version = $version;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the HTTP protocol version.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getProtocolVersion(): string
    {
        return $this->version;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response status code.
     *
     * If the status text is null it will be automatically populated for the known
     * status codes and left empty otherwise.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException When the HTTP status code is not valid
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setStatusCode(int $code, string $text = null): static
    {
        $this->statusCode = $code;
        if ($this->isInvalid()) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The HTTP status code "%s" is not valid.', $code));
        }

        if (null === $text) {
            $this->statusText = self::$statusTexts[$code] ?? 'unknown status';

            return $this;
        }

        if (false === $text) {
            $this->statusText = '';

            return $this;
        }

        $this->statusText = $text;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the status code for the current web response.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getStatusCode(): int
    {
        return $this->statusCode;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response charset.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setCharset(string $charset): static
    {
        $this->charset = $charset;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the response charset.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getCharset(): ?string
    {
        return $this->charset;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response may safely be kept in a shared (surrogate) cache.
     *
     * Responses marked "private" with an explicit Cache-Control directive are
     * considered uncacheable.
     *
     * Responses with neither a freshness lifetime (Expires, max-age) nor cache
     * validator (Last-Modified, ETag) are considered uncacheable because there is
     * no way to tell when or how to remove them from the cache.
     *
     * Note that RFC 7231 and RFC 7234 possibly allow for a more permissive implementation,
     * for example "status codes that are defined as cacheable by default [...]
     * can be reused by a cache with heuristic expiration unless otherwise indicated"
     * (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.1)
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isCacheable(): bool
    {
        if (!\in_array($this->statusCode, [200, 203, 300, 301, 302, 404, 410])) {
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('no-store') || $this->headers->getCacheControlDirective('private')) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->isValidateable() || $this->isFresh();
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response is "fresh".
     *
     * Fresh responses may be served from cache without any interaction with the
     * origin. A response is considered fresh when it includes a Cache-Control/max-age
     * indicator or Expires header and the calculated age is less than the freshness lifetime.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isFresh(): bool
    {
        return $this->getTtl() > 0;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response includes headers that can be used to validate
     * the response with the origin server using a conditional GET request.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isValidateable(): bool
    {
        return $this->headers->has('Last-Modified') || $this->headers->has('ETag');
    }

    /**
     * Marks the response as "private".
     *
     * It makes the response ineligible for serving other clients.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setPrivate(): static
    {
        $this->headers->removeCacheControlDirective('public');
        $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective('private');

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Marks the response as "public".
     *
     * It makes the response eligible for serving other clients.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setPublic(): static
    {
        $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective('public');
        $this->headers->removeCacheControlDirective('private');

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Marks the response as "immutable".
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setImmutable(bool $immutable = true): static
    {
        if ($immutable) {
            $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective('immutable');
        } else {
            $this->headers->removeCacheControlDirective('immutable');
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response is marked as "immutable".
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isImmutable(): bool
    {
        return $this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('immutable');
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response must be revalidated by shared caches once it has become stale.
     *
     * This method indicates that the response must not be served stale by a
     * cache in any circumstance without first revalidating with the origin.
     * When present, the TTL of the response should not be overridden to be
     * greater than the value provided by the origin.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function mustRevalidate(): bool
    {
        return $this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('must-revalidate') || $this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('proxy-revalidate');
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Date header as a DateTime instance.
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException When the header is not parseable
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getDate(): ?\DateTimeInterface
    {
        return $this->headers->getDate('Date');
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Date header.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setDate(\DateTimeInterface $date): static
    {
        if ($date instanceof \DateTime) {
            $date = \DateTimeImmutable::createFromMutable($date);
        }

        $date = $date->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone('UTC'));
        $this->headers->set('Date', $date->format('D, d M Y H:i:s').' GMT');

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the age of the response in seconds.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getAge(): int
    {
        if (null !== $age = $this->headers->get('Age')) {
            return (int) $age;
        }

        return max(time() - (int) $this->getDate()->format('U'), 0);
    }

    /**
     * Marks the response stale by setting the Age header to be equal to the maximum age of the response.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function expire(): static
    {
        if ($this->isFresh()) {
            $this->headers->set('Age', $this->getMaxAge());
            $this->headers->remove('Expires');
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value of the Expires header as a DateTime instance.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getExpires(): ?\DateTimeInterface
    {
        try {
            return $this->headers->getDate('Expires');
        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
            // according to RFC 2616 invalid date formats (e.g. "0" and "-1") must be treated as in the past
            return \DateTime::createFromFormat('U', time() - 172800);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Expires HTTP header with a DateTime instance.
     *
     * Passing null as value will remove the header.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setExpires(\DateTimeInterface $date = null): static
    {
        if (null === $date) {
            $this->headers->remove('Expires');

            return $this;
        }

        if ($date instanceof \DateTime) {
            $date = \DateTimeImmutable::createFromMutable($date);
        }

        $date = $date->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone('UTC'));
        $this->headers->set('Expires', $date->format('D, d M Y H:i:s').' GMT');

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of seconds after the time specified in the response's Date
     * header when the response should no longer be considered fresh.
     *
     * First, it checks for a s-maxage directive, then a max-age directive, and then it falls
     * back on an expires header. It returns null when no maximum age can be established.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getMaxAge(): ?int
    {
        if ($this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('s-maxage')) {
            return (int) $this->headers->getCacheControlDirective('s-maxage');
        }

        if ($this->headers->hasCacheControlDirective('max-age')) {
            return (int) $this->headers->getCacheControlDirective('max-age');
        }

        if (null !== $this->getExpires()) {
            return (int) $this->getExpires()->format('U') - (int) $this->getDate()->format('U');
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the number of seconds after which the response should no longer be considered fresh.
     *
     * This methods sets the Cache-Control max-age directive.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setMaxAge(int $value): static
    {
        $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective('max-age', $value);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the number of seconds after which the response should no longer be considered fresh by shared caches.
     *
     * This methods sets the Cache-Control s-maxage directive.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setSharedMaxAge(int $value): static
    {
        $this->setPublic();
        $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective('s-maxage', $value);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the response's time-to-live in seconds.
     *
     * It returns null when no freshness information is present in the response.
     *
     * When the responses TTL is <= 0, the response may not be served from cache without first
     * revalidating with the origin.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getTtl(): ?int
    {
        $maxAge = $this->getMaxAge();

        return null !== $maxAge ? $maxAge - $this->getAge() : null;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response's time-to-live for shared caches in seconds.
     *
     * This method adjusts the Cache-Control/s-maxage directive.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setTtl(int $seconds): static
    {
        $this->setSharedMaxAge($this->getAge() + $seconds);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response's time-to-live for private/client caches in seconds.
     *
     * This method adjusts the Cache-Control/max-age directive.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setClientTtl(int $seconds): static
    {
        $this->setMaxAge($this->getAge() + $seconds);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Last-Modified HTTP header as a DateTime instance.
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException When the HTTP header is not parseable
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getLastModified(): ?\DateTimeInterface
    {
        return $this->headers->getDate('Last-Modified');
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Last-Modified HTTP header with a DateTime instance.
     *
     * Passing null as value will remove the header.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setLastModified(\DateTimeInterface $date = null): static
    {
        if (null === $date) {
            $this->headers->remove('Last-Modified');

            return $this;
        }

        if ($date instanceof \DateTime) {
            $date = \DateTimeImmutable::createFromMutable($date);
        }

        $date = $date->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone('UTC'));
        $this->headers->set('Last-Modified', $date->format('D, d M Y H:i:s').' GMT');

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the literal value of the ETag HTTP header.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getEtag(): ?string
    {
        return $this->headers->get('ETag');
    }

    /**
     * Sets the ETag value.
     *
     * @param string|null $etag The ETag unique identifier or null to remove the header
     * @param bool        $weak Whether you want a weak ETag or not
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setEtag(string $etag = null, bool $weak = false): static
    {
        if (null === $etag) {
            $this->headers->remove('Etag');
        } else {
            if (!str_starts_with($etag, '"')) {
                $etag = '"'.$etag.'"';
            }

            $this->headers->set('ETag', (true === $weak ? 'W/' : '').$etag);
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the response's cache headers (validation and/or expiration).
     *
     * Available options are: must_revalidate, no_cache, no_store, no_transform, public, private, proxy_revalidate, max_age, s_maxage, immutable, last_modified and etag.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setCache(array $options): static
    {
        if ($diff = array_diff(array_keys($options), array_keys(self::HTTP_RESPONSE_CACHE_CONTROL_DIRECTIVES))) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Response does not support the following options: "%s".', implode('", "', $diff)));
        }

        if (isset($options['etag'])) {
            $this->setEtag($options['etag']);
        }

        if (isset($options['last_modified'])) {
            $this->setLastModified($options['last_modified']);
        }

        if (isset($options['max_age'])) {
            $this->setMaxAge($options['max_age']);
        }

        if (isset($options['s_maxage'])) {
            $this->setSharedMaxAge($options['s_maxage']);
        }

        foreach (self::HTTP_RESPONSE_CACHE_CONTROL_DIRECTIVES as $directive => $hasValue) {
            if (!$hasValue && isset($options[$directive])) {
                if ($options[$directive]) {
                    $this->headers->addCacheControlDirective(str_replace('_', '-', $directive));
                } else {
                    $this->headers->removeCacheControlDirective(str_replace('_', '-', $directive));
                }
            }
        }

        if (isset($options['public'])) {
            if ($options['public']) {
                $this->setPublic();
            } else {
                $this->setPrivate();
            }
        }

        if (isset($options['private'])) {
            if ($options['private']) {
                $this->setPrivate();
            } else {
                $this->setPublic();
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Modifies the response so that it conforms to the rules defined for a 304 status code.
     *
     * This sets the status, removes the body, and discards any headers
     * that MUST NOT be included in 304 responses.
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-10.3.5
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setNotModified(): static
    {
        $this->setStatusCode(304);
        $this->setContent(null);

        // remove headers that MUST NOT be included with 304 Not Modified responses
        foreach (['Allow', 'Content-Encoding', 'Content-Language', 'Content-Length', 'Content-MD5', 'Content-Type', 'Last-Modified'] as $header) {
            $this->headers->remove($header);
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the response includes a Vary header.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function hasVary(): bool
    {
        return null !== $this->headers->get('Vary');
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array of header names given in the Vary header.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function getVary(): array
    {
        if (!$vary = $this->headers->all('Vary')) {
            return [];
        }

        $ret = [];
        foreach ($vary as $item) {
            $ret[] = preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $item);
        }

        return array_merge([], ...$ret);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Vary header.
     *
     * @param bool $replace Whether to replace the actual value or not (true by default)
     *
     * @return $this
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function setVary(string|array $headers, bool $replace = true): static
    {
        $this->headers->set('Vary', $headers, $replace);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Determines if the Response validators (ETag, Last-Modified) match
     * a conditional value specified in the Request.
     *
     * If the Response is not modified, it sets the status code to 304 and
     * removes the actual content by calling the setNotModified() method.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isNotModified(Request $request): bool
    {
        if (!$request->isMethodCacheable()) {
            return false;
        }

        $notModified = false;
        $lastModified = $this->headers->get('Last-Modified');
        $modifiedSince = $request->headers->get('If-Modified-Since');

        if (($ifNoneMatchEtags = $request->getETags()) && (null !== $etag = $this->getEtag())) {
            if (0 == strncmp($etag, 'W/', 2)) {
                $etag = substr($etag, 2);
            }

            // Use weak comparison as per https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-3.2.
            foreach ($ifNoneMatchEtags as $ifNoneMatchEtag) {
                if (0 == strncmp($ifNoneMatchEtag, 'W/', 2)) {
                    $ifNoneMatchEtag = substr($ifNoneMatchEtag, 2);
                }

                if ($ifNoneMatchEtag === $etag || '*' === $ifNoneMatchEtag) {
                    $notModified = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        // Only do If-Modified-Since date comparison when If-None-Match is not present as per https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-3.3.
        elseif ($modifiedSince && $lastModified) {
            $notModified = strtotime($modifiedSince) >= strtotime($lastModified);
        }

        if ($notModified) {
            $this->setNotModified();
        }

        return $notModified;
    }

    /**
     * Is response invalid?
     *
     * @see https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isInvalid(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode < 100 || $this->statusCode >= 600;
    }

    /**
     * Is response informative?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isInformational(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode >= 100 && $this->statusCode < 200;
    }

    /**
     * Is response successful?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isSuccessful(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode >= 200 && $this->statusCode < 300;
    }

    /**
     * Is the response a redirect?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isRedirection(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode >= 300 && $this->statusCode < 400;
    }

    /**
     * Is there a client error?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isClientError(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode >= 400 && $this->statusCode < 500;
    }

    /**
     * Was there a server side error?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isServerError(): bool
    {
        return $this->statusCode >= 500 && $this->statusCode < 600;
    }

    /**
     * Is the response OK?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isOk(): bool
    {
        return 200 === $this->statusCode;
    }

    /**
     * Is the response forbidden?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isForbidden(): bool
    {
        return 403 === $this->statusCode;
    }

    /**
     * Is the response a not found error?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isNotFound(): bool
    {
        return 404 === $this->statusCode;
    }

    /**
     * Is the response a redirect of some form?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isRedirect(string $location = null): bool
    {
        return \in_array($this->statusCode, [201, 301, 302, 303, 307, 308]) && (null === $location ?: $location == $this->headers->get('Location'));
    }

    /**
     * Is the response empty?
     *
     * @final
     */
    public function isEmpty(): bool
    {
        return \in_array($this->statusCode, [204, 304]);
    }

    /**
     * Cleans or flushes output buffers up to target level.
     *
     * Resulting level can be greater than target level if a non-removable buffer has been encountered.
     *
     * @final
     */
    public static function closeOutputBuffers(int $targetLevel, bool $flush): void
    {
        $status = ob_get_status(true);
        $level = \count($status);
        $flags = \PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_REMOVABLE | ($flush ? \PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FLUSHABLE : \PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_CLEANABLE);

        while ($level-- > $targetLevel && ($s = $status[$level]) && (!isset($s['del']) ? !isset($s['flags']) || ($s['flags'] & $flags) === $flags : $s['del'])) {
            if ($flush) {
                ob_end_flush();
            } else {
                ob_end_clean();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Marks a response as safe according to RFC8674.
     *
     * @see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8674
     */
    public function setContentSafe(bool $safe = true): void
    {
        if ($safe) {
            $this->headers->set('Preference-Applied', 'safe');
        } elseif ('safe' === $this->headers->get('Preference-Applied')) {
            $this->headers->remove('Preference-Applied');
        }

        $this->setVary('Prefer', false);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if we need to remove Cache-Control for SSL encrypted downloads when using IE < 9.
     *
     * @see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/323308
     *
     * @final
     */
    protected function ensureIEOverSSLCompatibility(Request $request): void
    {
        if (false !== stripos($this->headers->get('Content-Disposition') ?? '', 'attachment') && 1 == preg_match('/MSIE (.*?);/i', $request->server->get('HTTP_USER_AGENT') ?? '', $match) && true === $request->isSecure()) {
            if ((int) preg_replace('/(MSIE )(.*?);/', '$2', $match[0]) < 9) {
                $this->headers->remove('Cache-Control');
            }
        }
    }
}

Creating new route file in Laravel

Debajyoti Das — Mon, 01 May 2023 09:04:44 +0000

Best approach:
web.php

Route::prefix('company')->as('company:')->group(
    base_path('routes/company.php'),
);

Access URL: http://localhost:8000/company/random
The below isn't a very good approach:
RouteServiceProveider.php

public function boot()
    {
        $this->configureRateLimiting();

        $this->routes(function () {
            Route::middleware('api')
                ->prefix('api')
                ->group(base_path('routes/api.php'));

            Route::middleware('web')
                ->group(base_path('routes/web.php'));

            Route::middleware('company')
                ->group(base_path('routes/company.php'));
        });
    }

Middleware/Kernel.php

protected $middlewareGroups = [
        'web' => [
            \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
            \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
            \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        ],

        'api' => [
            // \Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\EnsureFrontendRequestsAreStateful::class,
            'throttle:api',
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        ],

        'company' => [
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        ]
    ];

routes/company.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;

Route::get('/company', function(){
    return 'In Company';
});

Route::get('/random1', function(){
    return 'In Company';
});

Now localhost:8000/company will hit routes in this file

Basic web scraping with php

Debajyoti Das — Sun, 30 Apr 2023 19:19:43 +0000

Trying to fetch the above using php.

    public function __invoke()
    {
        $contents = file_get_contents('https://www.google.com/search?q=gold%20price%20kolkata');
        $dom = new DOMDocument();
        libxml_use_internal_errors(true);
        $dom->loadHTML($contents);
        libxml_clear_errors();

        $div_contents = $dom->getElementsByTagName('div');
        foreach($div_contents as $element)
        {
            if(str_contains($element->nodeValue, '10g of 24k gold (99.9%)'))
            {
                $prc = substr($element->nodeValue, strpos($element->nodeValue, "10g of 24k gold (99.9%)"), 300);//strpos finds position, substr taking the next 300 characters from the string
                return response()->json(['code'=>200, 'message'=>'Success', 'data'=>$prc], 200);
            }
        }

        return response()->json(['code'=>400, 'message'=>'Not Found', 'data'=>'empty'], 200);
    }

O/p: