GIT BASH & GITHUB

FLORENCE MBUTHIA — Fri, 17 Jul 2026 12:32:42 +0000

GIT AND GITHUB
Git is a distributed version control tool that track changes into files or code and we can say it works offline.

A version control is system used to track and manage changes to a remote file in git.

Git Bash is born again shell or basically a command prompt window which emulates UNIX and LINUX environments.

Git hub is a website that stores your Git repositories in the cloud so we can say it exist online.It stores your project's version history online and adds collaboration tools like pull requests, issue tracking, and code review."
_A repository _in GitHub is similar to a folder in your local machine so any changes are tracked.

How to create a repository in GitHub do a simple README.md(markdown) then commit the file and write a massage inside to describe the changes done,then we will need to download a visual code eg VScode where you are able to access the terminals.

Git is used to push changes** to git hub or pull a repo from GitHub**

There are 3 states that every files lives in;

Working Directory-You have made changes but git has not recorded them yet.(it's still on our machine)
Staging Area -You have told Git about the changes. Not saved yet. git add filename thus we git add
Repository (.git)-Changes are permanently saved in history. git commit -m "message"

*Basic Commands/key terms used *

git config allows git to know who you are by using your username and user email e.g. your GitHub account name and email address this is an important info when you want to commit changes as it will tell you who made the changes there are different levels but we will use global Global- applies to all repositories for the current user > Syntax: git config --global user.name or user.email.

-mkdir (make directory) name – creates a new directories for example: my_project in your machine.

-git init this tells Git to start tracking this folder,it initializes git on the folder,the .git folder is where all the history, settings, and saved snapshots lives. It's hidden so you don't accidentally delete it.

-cd moves/change from one directorate to another.

-ls list all the files inside your folder.

-pwd it checks or prints the path of the current working directorate.

-clear clears or removes the display of the terminal window.

-touch creates a file inside a directorate.

We create a README.md file using touch README.md
To know a file is a git repository by default it is called main which happens to be the_ branch assigned_ since you are the creator of the repository.

-echo prints text strings inside the README.md example "hello world"

as it can also be used to write content to a file or create an empty file. To accomplish this, the echo command is utilized in conjunction with single ">" symbol followed by the desired filename we can say then that it can act as a short cut to creating a file.

-git branch list all branches.

-*code * it will open your vs code automatically under the main.py file.

To view the VS code “Hello! World on the terminal/git bash we can use python main.py or py main.py

-git clone downloads a repository that already exists on GitHub to our computers this includes all of the files, branches, and commits. This is done by coping the URL to your git bash.

-git add (the file name) This will add a specific file to the staging area.

-git commit -m ‘’’message’’-used to save the currently staged changes into the local repository and provides a massage that describe the changes made for future reference.

-git status Shows which files are staged and ready to commit

-git pull downloads/update all changes from GitHub(remote repository)into our computer.

-git push origin main pushes the changes(commits) from our local repository to GitHub.

How Excel is Used in Real-World Data Analysis

FLORENCE MBUTHIA — Sun, 07 Jun 2026 04:35:42 +0000

I am currently learning excel one of the most powerful tools for data Analysis and used in all aspect in our world today,I as an accountant I interact with excel every day. But first let's define what is Data, Data Analysis, Excel and then how excel is useful to real world Data analysis.

*What is DATA *
Data is a collection of facts, numbers, words, observations, and any other useful information mostly stored by a computer

It is said Data is everywhere and encountered daily without realizing an example is the number of shirts you own, your name, age and so on, but data by itself may appear meaningless, that's were Data Analysis is introduced

*What is DATA ANALYSIS *
_Data analytics _is the process of collecting, cleaning, transforming, and interpreting data/information for the purpose of studying it to generate insights.
Data analytics as a practice is focused on using tools and techniques to explore and analyze data in real-time or near-real-time to uncover hidden patterns, correlations, and trends. One of the tools available and powerful is EXCEL

*What is EXCEL *
Excel is a microsoft spreedsheet program that organizes data into rows and columns, creating a grid of "cells" used to input, calculate, analyze, and visualize (charts, scatter plots, graphs, and histograms) data/information

Simplifies data handling from basic lists to complex analysis.

*How Excel is used in Real world *

To-Do Lists: Excel allows you to create simple checklists or daily planners to organize tasks and appointments.
Data Tracking: We use Excel to record your daily habits—such as exercise, reading, water intake, or sleep patterns—and even generate charts to visualize your progress over time.
Business and Decision-Making: Organizations analyze data to identify trends, measure performance, and make data driven decisions.
Healthcare organizations: use Excel to manage and analyze patient records and medical data, supporting accurate diagnoses, personalized treatments, disease surveillance, and informed public health decisions.
Finance: Banks and financial institutions use Excel to analyze and visualize financial data, creating structured reports and dashboards that help assess a company's financial performance and support informed business decisions."

*Features /Formulas used in excel: *
Microsoft Excel has a powerful built-in tool called _Power Query _which is ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) that helps users collect, clean, reshape, and combine data from different sources without needing complex formulas or programming.

connect to Multiple Data Sources such as CSV files, Databases and etc.
Clean Data by removing duplicates, handling missing values, Correct data types, conditional formatting, data validation, trim spaces and unwanted characters
Transform Data by filter and sort data, merge columns (Concatenate), Pivot tables and aggregate functions (SUM, AVARAGE, MAX, IF,ETC)

*Conclusion *
> personal reflection
Learning Excel has changed the way I see data by showing me that data is more than just numbers and text—it is valuable information that can be organized, analyzed, and used to make better decisions. Before learning Excel, large amounts of data seemed overwhelming, but Excel has made it easier to manage and interpret information efficiently.
Overall, learning Excel has shown me that it is a powerful and accessible tool that anyone can use to improve their personal, academic, and professional life. Rather than being intimidated by data, I now see it as an opportunity to gain insights and make informed decisions.

DEV Community: FLORENCE MBUTHIA

GIT *BASH *& GITHUB

How Excel is Used in Real-World Data Analysis

GIT BASH & GITHUB