DEV Community: Idris Jimoh

🚀 Introducing Extendify: A Sleek Taskbar Enhancement Utility for Windows 🎉

Idris Jimoh — Thu, 02 Jan 2025 06:07:09 +0000

Hello, Dev community! 👋

I’m thrilled to announce the open-source release of Extendify, a lightweight Windows taskbar enhancement utility designed to revolutionize the way you manage applications on your desktop. Whether you're multitasking or just looking for a more stylish desktop experience, Extendify has you covered.

🔥 Features

Extendify brings a host of powerful features to make your workflow smoother and your desktop sleeker:

Floating Secondary Taskbar: Displays all your running applications.
Smooth Window Switching: Quickly switch between open windows with ease.
Modern Design: Semi-transparent and minimalistic aesthetics.
Draggable Taskbar: Customize the positioning of your secondary taskbar.
Automatic Application Detection: Instantly identifies and displays active apps.
Hi-res Screen Recording: Record your screen effortlessly with built-in functionality.

🛠️ Build It Yourself

Getting started with Extendify is simple! Follow these steps to build from source:

Prerequisites

Visual Studio 2022 or later
.NET 6.0 SDK or later
Windows 10/11

Steps to Build

Clone the repository:

   git clone https://github.com/idris-j/Extendify/

Open the solution in Visual Studio:

   cd Extendify  
   start Extendify.sln

Build the solution:
- Press F5 to build and run, OR
- Use the menu: Build > Build Solution.
Run the compiled executable from: bin/Debug/net6.0-windows/Extendify.exe.

That’s it! Your secondary taskbar will appear, ready to enhance your desktop experience.

💡 Why Open Source?

I believe in the power of collaboration and innovation within the developer community. Extendify is built with simplicity and extensibility in mind. By making it open source, I hope to foster an environment where we can enhance and refine it together.

🙌 Contributions Welcome!

Extendify is a community-driven project, and I’d love to see what you can bring to the table! Here’s how you can contribute:

Fork the Repository
Create a Feature Branch
Commit Your Changes
Push to the Branch
Create a Pull Request

No idea is too small or too big—whether it's improving the design, fixing bugs, or introducing new features!

📜 License

Extendify is licensed under the MIT License, so you can use, modify, and distribute it freely.

🌐 Where to Start

Check out the GitHub repository:

Extendify on GitHub

Let’s build something amazing together. Drop your feedback, share your thoughts, and feel free to submit your first pull request today! 🚀

Happy coding! 💻

IDRIS JIMOH

(Creator of Extendify)

Would you like me to include screenshots or code snippets to make the post more visual? Comment below.

10 Useful Python One-Liners You Should Know

Idris Jimoh — Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:48:09 +0000

The day I wrote my first line of code in Python, I become fascinated with the simplicity, popularity, and its famous one-liners. In this post, I want to present some python one-liners.
1. Swapping Two Variables

# a = 4 b = 5
a,b = b,a
# print(a,b) >> 5,4

Let’s start with a simpler one by swapping two variables with each other. This method is one of the most simple and intuitive methods that you can write with no need to use a temp variable or apply arithmetic operations.

2. Multiple Variable Assignments

a,b,c = 4,5.5,'Hello'
#print(a,b,c) >> 4,5.5,hello

You can use commas and variables to assign multiple values to the variables at a time. Using this technique, you can assign multiple data types var at a time. You can use a list to assign values to variables. Below is an example of assigning multiple values to different var from a list.

a,b,*c = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(a,b,c)
> 1 2 [3,4,5]

3. Sum of Even Numbers In a List
There can be many ways of doing this, but the best and simplest way is to use the list indexing and sum function.

a = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
s = sum([num for num in a if num%2 == 0])
print(s)
>> 12

4. Deleting Multiple Elements from a List
del is a keyword used in python to remove values from a list.

#### Deleting all even
a = [1,2,3,4,5]
del a[1::2]
print(a)
>[1, 3, 5]

5. Reading Files

lst = [line.strip() for line in open('data.txt')]
print(lst)

Here we are using list comprehension. First, we are opening a text file, and using a for loop, we are reading line by line. In the end, using strip we are removing all the unnecessary space. There is one much simpler and shorter way of doing this using just the list function.

list(open('data.txt'))
##Using with with also close the file after use
with open("data.txt") as f: lst=[line.strip() for line in f]
print(lst)

6. Writing data to file

with open("data.txt",'a',newline='\n') as f: f.write("Python is awsome")

The above code will first create a file data.txt if not already there, and then it will write Python is awsome in the file.

7. Creating Lists

lst = [i for i in range(0,10)]
print(lst)
> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
or 
lst = list(range(0,10))
print(lst)

We can also create a list of strings using the same method.

lst = [("Hello "+i) for i in ['Karl','Abhay','Zen']]
print(lst)
> ['Hello Karl', 'Hello Abhay', 'Hello Zen']

8. Palindrome

A palindrome is a number or a string that looks the same when it gets reversed.

text = 'level'
ispalindrome = text == text[::-1]
ispalindrome
> True

9. To Check The Existence of a number in a list

num = 5
if num in [1,2,3,4,5]:
     print('present')
> present

10. Simulating Toss of a coin
It may be not that important, but it can be very useful whenever you need to generate some random choice from a given set of choices.

import random; random.choice(['Head',"Tail"])
> Head

5 Python Code Snippets For You

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 21:43:36 +0000

Python represents one of the most popular languages that many people use it in data science and machine learning, web development, scripting, automation, etc.
Part of the reason for this popularity is its simplicity and easiness to learn it.

In this article, we will briefly see 30 short code snippets that you can understand and learn in 30 seconds or less.

All unique
The following method checks whether the given list has duplicate elements. It uses the property of set() which removes duplicate elements from the list.

def all_unique(lst):
    return len(lst) == len(set(lst))


x = [1,1,2,2,3,2,3,4,5,6]
y = [1,2,3,4,5]
all_unique(x) # False
all_unique(y) # True

Anagrams
This method can be used to check if two strings are anagrams. An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once.

from collections import Counter

def anagram(first, second):
    return Counter(first) == Counter(second)


anagram("abcd3", "3acdb") # True

Memory
This snippet can be used to check the memory usage of an object.

import sys 

variable = 30 
print(sys.getsizeof(variable))

Byte size
This method returns the length of a string in bytes.

def byte_size(string):
    return(len(string.encode('utf-8')))


byte_size('😀')
byte_size('Hello World')

Print a string N times
This snippet can be used to print a string n times without having to use loops to do it.

n = 2
s ="Programming"

print(s * n) # ProgrammingProgramming

Renaming and Deleting Files in Python

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 20:38:12 +0000

Python os module provides methods that help you perform file processing operations, such as renaming and deleting files.

To use this module you need to import it first and then you can call any related functions.

The rename() Method
The rename() method takes two arguments, the current filename and the new filename.

Syntax

os.rename(current_file_name, new_file_name)

Example
Following is the example to rename an existing file test1.txt −

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
# Rename a file from test1.txt to test2.txt
os.rename( "test1.txt", "test2.txt" )

The remove() Method
You can use the remove() method to delete files by supplying the name of the file to be deleted as the argument.

Syntax

os.remove(file_name)

Example
Following is the example to delete an existing file test2.txt −

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
# Delete file test2.txt
os.remove("text2.txt")

Reading and Writing Files in Python

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 20:32:07 +0000

The file object provides a set of access methods to make our lives easier. We would see how to use read() and write() methods to read and write files.

The write() Method
The write() method writes any string to an open file. It is important to note that Python strings can have binary data and not just text.

The write() method does not add a newline character ('\n') to the end of the string −

Syntax

fileObject.write(string)

Here, passed parameter is the content to be written into the opened file.

Example

#!/usr/bin/python
# Open a file
fo = open("foo.txt", "wb")
fo.write( "Python is a great language.\nYeah its great!!\n")
# Close opend file
fo.close()

The above method would create foo.txt file and would write given content in that file and finally it would close that file. If you would open this file, it would have following content.

Python is a great language.
Yeah its great!!

The read() Method
The read() method reads a string from an open file. It is important to note that Python strings can have binary data. apart from text data.

Syntax

fileObject.read([count])

Here, passed parameter is the number of bytes to be read from the opened file. This method starts reading from the beginning of the file and if count is missing, then it tries to read as much as possible, maybe until the end of file.

Example
Let's take a file foo.txt, which we created above.

#!/usr/bin/python
# Open a file
fo = open("foo.txt", "r+")
str = fo.read(10);
print "Read String is : ", str
# Close opend file
fo.close()

This produces the following result −

Read String is : Python is a great language.

Search for a specific file on a PC

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 20:26:29 +0000

In this article, I will show how to use the os.walk() module function to walk a directory tree, and the fnmatch module for matching file names.

What is OS.walk?

It generates the file names in a directory tree by walking the tree either top-down or bottom-up.

For each directory in the tree rooted at directory top (including top itself), it yields a 3-tuple (dirpath, dirnames, filenames).

dirpath # is a string, the path to the directory.

dirnames # is a list of the names of the subdirectories in dirpath (excluding ‘.’ and ‘..’).

filenames # is a list of the names of the non-directory files in dirpath.

Note that the names in the lists contain no path components.

To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name). For more information, please see the Python Docs.

What is Fnmatch

The fnmatch module compares file names against glob-style patterns such as used by Unix shells.

These are not the same as the more sophisticated regular expression rules. It’s purely a string matching operation.

If you find it more convenient to use a different pattern style, for example regular expressions, then simply use regex operations to match your filenames.

What does it do?

The fnmatch module is used for the wild-card pattern matching.

Simple Matching

fnmatch() compares a single file name against a pattern and returns a boolean indicating whether or not they match. The comparison is case-sensitive when the operating system uses a case-sensitive file system.

To test a sequence of filenames, you can use filter(). It returns a list of the names that match the pattern argument.

Find all mp3 files

This script will search for *.mp3 files from the rootPath (“/”)

import fnmatch
import os

rootPath = '/'
pattern = '*.mp3'

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rootPath):
    for filename in fnmatch.filter(files, pattern):
        print( os.path.join(root, filename))

Search computer for specific files

This script uses ‘os.walk’ and ‘fnmatch’ with filters to search the hard-drive for all image files

import fnmatch
import os

images = ['*.jpg', '*.jpeg', '*.png', '*.tif', '*.tiff']
matches = []

for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk("C:\"):
    for extensions in images:
        for filename in fnmatch.filter(filenames, extensions):
            matches.append(os.path.join(root, filename))

There are many other (and faster) ways to do this, but now you understand the basics of it.

Python with MySQL

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 17:37:37 +0000

The Python standard for database interfaces is the Python DB-API. Most Python database interfaces adhere to this standard.

You can choose the right database for your application. Python Database API supports a wide range of database servers such as −

GadFly
mSQL
MySQL
PostgreSQL
Microsoft SQL Server 2000
Informix
Interbase
Oracle
Sybase

Here is the list of available Python database interfaces: Python Database Interfaces and APIs. You must download a separate DB API module for each database you need to access. For example, if you need to access an Oracle database as well as a MySQL database, you must download both the Oracle and the MySQL database modules.

The DB API provides a minimal standard for working with databases using Python structures and syntax wherever possible. This API includes the following −

Importing the API module.
Acquiring a connection with the database.
Issuing SQL statements and stored procedures.
Closing the connection
We would learn all the concepts using MySQL, so let us talk about MySQLdb module.

What is MySQLdb?
MySQLdb is an interface for connecting to a MySQL database server from Python. It implements the Python Database API v2.0 and is built on top of the MySQL C API.

How do I Install MySQLdb?
Before proceeding, you make sure you have MySQLdb installed on your machine. Just type the following in your Python script and execute it −

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

If it produces the following result, then it means MySQLdb module is not installed −

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "test.py", line 3, in <module>
      import MySQLdb
ImportError: No module named MySQLdb

To install MySQLdb module, use the following command −

For Ubuntu, use the following command -
$ sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev libmysqlclient-dev
For Fedora, use the following command -
$ sudo dnf install python python-devel mysql-devel redhat-rpm-config gcc
For Python command prompt, use the following command -
pip install MySQL-python

Note − Make sure you have root privilege to install above module.

Database Connection
Before connecting to a MySQL database, make sure of the followings −

You have created a database TESTDB.

You have created a table EMPLOYEE in TESTDB.

This table has fields FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX and INCOME.

User ID "testuser" and password "test123" are set to access TESTDB.

Python module MySQLdb is installed properly on your machine.

You have gone through MySQL tutorial to understand MySQL Basics.

Example

Following is the example of connecting with MySQL database "TESTDB"

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# execute SQL query using execute() method.
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")

# Fetch a single row using fetchone() method.
data = cursor.fetchone()
print "Database version : %s " % data

# disconnect from server
db.close()

While running this script, it is producing the following result in my Linux machine.

Database version : 5.0.45
If a connection is established with the datasource, then a Connection Object is returned and saved into db for further use, otherwise db is set to None. Next, db object is used to create a cursor object, which in turn is used to execute SQL queries. Finally, before coming out, it ensures that database connection is closed and resources are released.

Creating Database Table
Once a database connection is established, we are ready to create tables or records into the database tables using execute method of the created cursor.

Example

Let us create Database table EMPLOYEE −

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# Drop table if it already exist using execute() method.
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE")

# Create table as per requirement
sql = """CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE (
         FIRST_NAME  CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
         LAST_NAME  CHAR(20),
         AGE INT,  
         SEX CHAR(1),
         INCOME FLOAT )"""

cursor.execute(sql)

# disconnect from server
db.close()

INSERT Operation
It is required when you want to create your records into a database table.

Example

The following example, executes SQL INSERT statement to create a record into EMPLOYEE table −

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# Prepare SQL query to INSERT a record into the database.
sql = """INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME,
         LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME)
         VALUES ('Mac', 'Mohan', 20, 'M', 2000)"""
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Commit your changes in the database
   db.commit()
except:
   # Rollback in case there is any error
   db.rollback()

# disconnect from server
db.close()

Above example can be written as follows to create SQL queries dynamically −

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# Prepare SQL query to INSERT a record into the database.
sql = "INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME, \
       LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME) \
       VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%d', '%c', '%d' )" % \
       ('Mac', 'Mohan', 20, 'M', 2000)
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Commit your changes in the database
   db.commit()
except:
   # Rollback in case there is any error
   db.rollback()

# disconnect from server
db.close()

Example

Following code segment is another form of execution where you can pass parameters directly −

..................................
user_id = "test123"
password = "password"

con.execute('insert into Login values("%s", "%s")' % \
             (user_id, password))
..................................

READ Operation
READ Operation on any database means to fetch some useful information from the database.

Once our database connection is established, you are ready to make a query into this database. You can use either fetchone() method to fetch single record or fetchall() method to fetech multiple values from a database table.

fetchone() − It fetches the next row of a query result set. A result set is an object that is returned when a cursor object is used to query a table.

fetchall() − It fetches all the rows in a result set. If some rows have already been extracted from the result set, then it retrieves the remaining rows from the result set.

rowcount − This is a read-only attribute and returns the number of rows that were affected by an execute() method.

Example

The following procedure queries all the records from EMPLOYEE table having salary more than 1000 −

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

sql = "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE \
       WHERE INCOME > '%d'" % (1000)
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Fetch all the rows in a list of lists.
   results = cursor.fetchall()
   for row in results:
      fname = row[0]
      lname = row[1]
      age = row[2]
      sex = row[3]
      income = row[4]
      # Now print fetched result
      print "fname=%s,lname=%s,age=%d,sex=%s,income=%d" % \
             (fname, lname, age, sex, income )
except:
   print "Error: unable to fecth data"

# disconnect from server
db.close()
This will produce the following result −

fname=Mac, lname=Mohan, age=20, sex=M, income=2000

Update Operation
UPDATE Operation on any database means to update one or more records, which are already available in the database.

The following procedure updates all the records having SEX as 'M'. Here, we increase AGE of all the males by one year.

Example

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# Prepare SQL query to UPDATE required records
sql = "UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET AGE = AGE + 1
                          WHERE SEX = '%c'" % ('M')
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Commit your changes in the database
   db.commit()
except:
   # Rollback in case there is any error
   db.rollback()

# disconnect from server
db.close()

DELETE Operation
DELETE operation is required when you want to delete some records from your database. Following is the procedure to delete all the records from EMPLOYEE where AGE is more than 20 −

Example

#!/usr/bin/python

import MySQLdb

# Open database connection
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )

# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()

# Prepare SQL query to DELETE required records
sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE > '%d'" % (20)
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Commit your changes in the database
   db.commit()
except:
   # Rollback in case there is any error
   db.rollback()

# disconnect from server
db.close()

Performing Transactions
Transactions are a mechanism that ensures data consistency. Transactions have the following four properties −

Atomicity − Either a transaction completes or nothing happens at all.

Consistency − A transaction must start in a consistent state and leave the system in a consistent state.

Isolation − Intermediate results of a transaction are not visible outside the current transaction.

Durability − Once a transaction was committed, the effects are persistent, even after a system failure.

The Python DB API 2.0 provides two methods to either commit or rollback a transaction.

Example

You already know how to implement transactions. Here is again similar example −

# Prepare SQL query to DELETE required records
sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE > '%d'" % (20)
try:
   # Execute the SQL command
   cursor.execute(sql)
   # Commit your changes in the database
   db.commit()
except:
   # Rollback in case there is any error
   db.rollback()

COMMIT Operation
Commit is the operation, which gives a green signal to database to finalize the changes, and after this operation, no change can be reverted back.

Here is a simple example to call commit method.

db.commit()

ROLLBACK Operation
If you are not satisfied with one or more of the changes and you want to revert back those changes completely, then use rollback() method.

Here is a simple example to call rollback() method.

db.rollback()

Disconnecting Database
To disconnect Database connection, use close() method.

db.close()

If the connection to a database is closed by the user with the close() method, any outstanding transactions are rolled back by the DB. However, instead of depending on any of DB lower level implementation details, your application would be better off calling commit or rollback explicitly.

Sending emails with Python

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 17:21:34 +0000

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(SMTP) is a protocol, which handles sending e-mail and routing e-mail between mail servers.

Python provides smtplib module, which defines an SMTP client session object that can be used to send mail to any Internet machine with an SMTP or ESMTP listener daemon.

Here is a simple syntax to create one SMTP object, which can later be used to send an e-mail.

import smtplib

smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP( [host [, port [, local_hostname]]] )

Here is the detail of the parameters −

host − This is the host running your SMTP server. You can specify IP address of the host or a domain name like tutorialspoint.com. This is optional argument.

port − If you are providing host argument, then you need to specify a port, where SMTP server is listening. Usually this port would be 25.

local_hostname − If your SMTP server is running on your local machine, then you can specify just localhost as of this option.

An SMTP object has an instance method called sendmail, which is typically used to do the work of mailing a message. It takes three parameters −

The sender − A string with the address of the sender.

The receivers − A list of strings, one for each recipient.

The message − A message as a string formatted as specified in the various RFCs.

Example
Here is a simple way to send one e-mail using Python script. Try it once −

#!/usr/bin/python

import smtplib

sender = 'from@fromdomain.com'
receivers = ['to@todomain.com']

message = """From: From Person <from@fromdomain.com>
To: To Person <to@todomain.com>
Subject: SMTP e-mail test

This is a test e-mail message.
"""

try:
   smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
   smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message)         
   print "Successfully sent email"
except SMTPException:
   print "Error: unable to send email"

Here, you have placed a basic e-mail in message, using a triple quote, taking care to format the headers correctly. An e-mail requires a From, To, and Subject header, separated from the body of the e-mail with a blank line.

To send the mail you use smtpObj to connect to the SMTP server on the local machine and then use the sendmail method along with the message, the from address, and the destination address as parameters (even though the from and to addresses are within the e-mail itself, these aren't always used to route mail).

If you are not running an SMTP server on your local machine, you can use smtplib client to communicate with a remote SMTP server. Unless you are using a webmail service (such as Hotmail or Yahoo! Mail), your e-mail provider must have provided you with outgoing mail server details that you can supply them, as follows −

smtplib.SMTP('mail.your-domain.com', 25)

Sending an HTML e-mail using Python
When you send a text message using Python, then all the content are treated as simple text. Even if you include HTML tags in a text message, it is displayed as simple text and HTML tags will not be formatted according to HTML syntax. But Python provides option to send an HTML message as actual HTML message.

While sending an e-mail message, you can specify a Mime version, content type and character set to send an HTML e-mail.

Example

Following is the example to send HTML content as an e-mail. Try it once −

#!/usr/bin/python

import smtplib

message = """From: From Person <from@fromdomain.com>
To: To Person <to@todomain.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/html
Subject: SMTP HTML e-mail test

This is an e-mail message to be sent in HTML format

<b>This is HTML message.</b>
<h1>This is headline.</h1>
"""

try:
   smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
   smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message)         
   print "Successfully sent email"
except SMTPException:
   print "Error: unable to send email"

Sending Attachments as an E-mail
To send an e-mail with mixed content requires to set Content-type header to multipart/mixed. Then, text and attachment sections can be specified within boundaries.

A boundary is started with two hyphens followed by a unique number, which cannot appear in the message part of the e-mail. A final boundary denoting the e-mail's final section must also end with two hyphens.

Attached files should be encoded with the pack("m") function to have base64 encoding before transmission.

Example

Following is the example, which sends a file /tmp/test.txt as an attachment. Try it once −

#!/usr/bin/python

import smtplib
import base64

filename = "/tmp/test.txt"

# Read a file and encode it into base64 format
fo = open(filename, "rb")
filecontent = fo.read()
encodedcontent = base64.b64encode(filecontent)  # base64

sender = 'webmaster@tutorialpoint.com'
reciever = 'amrood.admin@gmail.com'

marker = "AUNIQUEMARKER"

body ="""
This is a test email to send an attachement.
"""
# Define the main headers.
part1 = """From: From Person <me@fromdomain.net>
To: To Person <amrood.admin@gmail.com>
Subject: Sending Attachement
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=%s
--%s
""" % (marker, marker)

# Define the message action
part2 = """Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding:8bit

%s
--%s
""" % (body,marker)

# Define the attachment section
part3 = """Content-Type: multipart/mixed; name=\"%s\"
Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=%s

%s
--%s--
""" %(filename, filename, encodedcontent, marker)
message = part1 + part2 + part3

try:
   smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
   smtpObj.sendmail(sender, reciever, message)
   print "Successfully sent email"
except Exception:
   print "Error: unable to send email"

Create a Network Client with Python

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 17:10:19 +0000

Let us write a very simple client program which opens a connection to a given port 12345 and given host. This is very simple to create a socket client using Python's socket module function.

The socket.connect(hosname, port ) opens a TCP connection to hostname on the port. Once you have a socket open, you can read from it like any IO object. When done, remember to close it, as you would close a file.

The following code is a very simple client that connects to a given host and port, reads any available data from the socket, and then exits.

#!/usr/bin/python           
# This is client.py file

import socket               
# Import socket module

s = socket.socket()         
# Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname() 
# Get local machine name
port = 12345                
# Reserve a port for your service.

s.connect((host, port))
print s.recv(1024)
s.close()                     
# Close the socket when done

Now run the server.py (check my previous post) in background and then run above client.py to see the result.

# Following would start a server in background.
$ python server.py & 

# Once server is started run client as follows:
$ python client.py

This would produce following result.

Got connection from ('127.0.0.1', 48437)
Thank you for connecting

Create a Network Server with Python

Idris Jimoh — Fri, 12 Mar 2021 16:52:38 +0000

To write Internet servers, we use the socket function available in socket module to create a socket object. A socket object is then used to call other functions to setup a socket server.

Now call bind(hostname, port) function to specify a port for your service on the given host.

Next, call the accept method of the returned object. This method waits until a client connects to the port you specified, and then returns a connection object that represents the connection to that client.

#!/usr/bin/python           
# This is server.py file

import socket               
# Import socket module

s = socket.socket()         
# Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname() 
# Get local machine name
port = 12345                
# Reserve a port for your service.
s.bind((host, port))        
# Bind to the port

s.listen(5)                 
# Now wait for client connection.
while True:
   c, addr = s.accept()     
# Establish connection with client.
   print 'Got connection from', addr
   c.send('Thank you for connecting')
   c.close()                
# Output the message and Close the connection