DEV Community: KavithaGovindaraj

Software Testing

KavithaGovindaraj — Thu, 18 Jul 2024 07:44:51 +0000

Software Testing:

Software testing is a process of evaluating and verifying that a software application or system meets specified requirements and works correctly. It involves executing the software under controlled conditions and observing its behavior to identify defects or bugs.

Key objectives of software testing include:

Verification: Ensuring that the software meets the technical specifications and design requirements.
Validation: Confirming that the software meets the user's requirements and expectations.
Identifying defects: Finding errors or bugs in the software that could lead to incorrect operation or unexpected behavior.
Ensuring quality: Improving the quality of the software by detecting and fixing defects before deployment.
Risk management: Assessing and mitigating risks associated with software failures or defects.
Software testing can range from simple testing of individual functions or modules to complex testing of entire systems. It involves various techniques and methodologies such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, and more. Automated testing tools are often used to streamline the testing process and increase efficiency. The ultimate goal of software testing is to deliver a reliable and high-quality product to end users.

Types of Testing:

Various types of testing such as:

Unit Testing: Testing individual components or modules.
Integration Testing: Testing interactions between integrated components.
System Testing: Testing the entire system as a whole.
Acceptance Testing: Ensuring the software meets user requirements.
Performance Testing: Assessing the performance and responsiveness of the software.
Security Testing: Checking for vulnerabilities and ensuring data protection.
Usability Testing: Evaluating how user-friendly the software is.
Testing Techniques: Understand different techniques used in testing:
Black Box Testing: Testing without knowledge of the internal structure or code.
White Box Testing: Testing with knowledge of the internal structure or code.
Grey Box Testing: A combination of black box and white box testing.
Testing Strategies: Learn about strategies for organizing and prioritizing tests:
**Regression Testing: **Ensuring previously developed and tested software still performs after a change.
Exploratory Testing: Simultaneous learning, test design, and execution.
Continuous Testing: Automated testing throughout the development pipeline.

Testing Processes:

Below are the stages and processes involved in testing:

Test Planning: Developing a test plan outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule.
Test Design: Creating detailed test cases based on requirements and specifications.
Test Execution: Running tests and documenting results.
Defect Management: Recording, prioritizing, and tracking defects until resolution.
Tools and Automation: Be aware of tools and frameworks used to automate testing processes:
Test Management Tools: For planning, executing, and tracking tests.
Automated Testing Tools: To automate repetitive tests and improve efficiency.
Performance Testing Tools: For load, stress, and performance testing.
Quality Assurance: Understand how software testing fits into the broader quality assurance (QA) process:
QA Standards: Following industry best practices and standards.
**QA Metrics: **Measuring and analyzing test results to improve processes and quality.
Continuous Improvement: Iteratively improving testing processes and practices.

Software testing is highly relevant and crucial for several reasons as mentioned below:

Quality Assurance: Testing ensures that software meets specified requirements and functions correctly. It helps identify defects early in the development process, reducing the risk of issues in production.

Customer Satisfaction: Well-tested software leads to higher customer satisfaction. It reduces the likelihood of bugs or unexpected behavior that could frustrate users.

Cost-Effectiveness: Finding and fixing defects during the development phase is less costly than addressing them after deployment. Testing helps in detecting issues early, thereby saving time and resources.

Risk Management: Testing helps in identifying and mitigating risks associated with software failures. It ensures that critical functionalities work as expected, reducing business risks.

Compliance: In regulated industries such as healthcare or finance, software must comply with specific standards and regulations. Testing ensures that the software meets these compliance requirements.

Enhanced Reputation: High-quality, reliable software enhances the organization's reputation in the market. Users trust software that works well and meets their expectations.

Support for Decision Making: Test results provide valuable feedback to stakeholders, enabling informed decisions about software readiness for release.

Continuous Improvement: Testing contributes to continuous improvement by identifying areas for enhancement or optimization in the software development process.

Security: Testing includes security testing to identify vulnerabilities and ensure data protection, guarding against cyber threats and breaches.

Agile and DevOps Practices: Testing is integral to Agile and DevOps methodologies, where continuous testing ensures that software increments are validated rapidly and efficiently.

In summary, software testing is essential for delivering reliable, high-quality software that meets user needs, complies with regulations, and enhances organizational reputation and efficiency. It plays a critical role in the entire software development lifecycle, from initial requirements to deployment and maintenance.

manual testing

KavithaGovindaraj — Sat, 06 Jul 2024 06:31:50 +0000

Functional Testing:
It focuses on testing the functionality of the software or
system.
Verifies whether the software meets the functional requirements.
It involves testing the features and functionalities of the
software, such as input/output, error handling, and user
interface.
Tests are typically conducted using test cases or scenarios
that validate the functional requirements.
It can be performed manually or using automated testing tools.
It was done after unit testing and integration testing and
before system testing.
Non-Functional Testing:
It focuses on testing the system's or software's non-functional components.
Checks to see if the software satisfies the non-functional requirements, including performance, security, usability, reliability, and compatibility.
It involves putting the software's quality characteristics, including response time, scalability, availability, and maintainability, to the test.
Several testing methods, including load testing, stress testing, security testing, and usability testing, are used.
Specialist testing techniques and frameworks are frequently needed to measure and assess non-functional requirements.
Many development lifecycle stages, including design, deployment and maintenance, can be completed.
Functional testing:

focuses on whether the software or system works as intended, i.e., whether it meets the functional requirements.

It involves testing the features and functionalities of the software, such as input/output, error handling, and user interface.

For example:

if you are testing a calculator app, you would check whether it can perform basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division correctly.

You would also check if the user interface is user-friendly, the buttons are working correctly, and the app is responsive to user input.
Non-functional testing:

on the other hand, is focused on testing the non-functional aspects of the software, such as performance, security, usability, reliability, and compatibility.

Non-functional testing helps to ensure that the software meets the quality standards and performs well under different conditions.

For example:

if you are testing a website, you would check whether it can handle many concurrent users without slowing down or crashing.

You would also check whether the website is secure from potential cyber threats like hackers or viruses.

Additionally, you would check whether the website is accessible and easy for people with disabilities.

Testing techniques

KavithaGovindaraj — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 11:32:14 +0000

1)Boundary value analysis:
1)Boundary Value Analysis is based on testing the boundary values of valid and invalid partitions. The behavior at the edge of the equivalence partition is more likely to be incorrect than the behavior within the partition, so boundaries are an area where testing is likely to yield defects.

       2)It checks for the input values near the boundary that have a higher chance of error. Every partition has its maximum and minimum values and these maximum and minimum values are the boundary values of a partition. Boundary value analysis (BVA)is one of the functional testing.
      3)A boundary value for a valid partition is a valid boundary 
        value.
      4)A boundary value for an invalid partition is an invalid 
        boundary value.

For each variable we check-
Minimum value.
Just above the minimum.
Nominal Value.
Just below Max value.
Max value.
Example: Consider a system that accepts ages from 4 to 8

Boundary Value Analysis(Age accepts 4 to 8)

Invalid valid Invalid

(min-1) (min, min + 1, nominal, max – 1, max) (max + 1)

(3) (4,5,4,7,8) (9)

Valid Test cases: Valid test cases for the above can be any value entered greater than 3 and less than 9.

Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 5.
Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 7.
Enter the value- 8.

2)Decision Table:
A decision table is also know as to cause-Effect table. This software testing technique is used for functions which respond to a combination of inputs or events.

Condition TC1 TC2 TC3 TC4 TC5 TC6
User name true true false false - -
Password true false true true - -
Homepage true - - - -
invalid credentials - true true true true -

          User name

          password

3)Use case testing:
1)Use Case Testing is generally a part of black box testing and that helps developers and testers to identify test scenarios that exercise the whole system on each transaction basis from start to finish. Business experts and developers must have a mutual understanding of the requirement, as it’s very difficult to attain.

     2)Use case testing is a functional testing technique that helps in identifying and testing scenarios on the whole system or doing start-to-end transactions. 
     3)It helps to identify the gaps in software that might not be identified by testing individual components.
     4)It is used to develop test cases at the system level or acceptance level.

4) LCSAJ Testing:
LCSAJ stands for "Linear code sequence and Jump" testing. It is a white-box testing technique used to assess the coverage of source code with in a software program.
LCSAJ testing focusses on verifying that all linear code sequences and Jumps within the code are exercised by testcases.
This technique is commonly used in the context of
structural testing or code coverage analysis.

Testing techniques

KavithaGovindaraj — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 11:32:14 +0000

       2)It checks for the input values near the boundary that have a higher chance of error. Every partition has its maximum and minimum values and these maximum and minimum values are the boundary values of a partition. Boundary value analysis (BVA)is one of the functional testing.
      3)A boundary value for a valid partition is a valid boundary 
        value.
      4)A boundary value for an invalid partition is an invalid 
        boundary value.

For each variable we check-
Minimum value.
Just above the minimum.
Nominal Value.
Just below Max value.
Max value.
Example: Consider a system that accepts ages from 4 to 8

Boundary Value Analysis(Age accepts 4 to 8)

Invalid valid Invalid

(min-1) (min, min + 1, nominal, max – 1, max) (max + 1)

(3) (4,5,4,7,8) (9)

Valid Test cases: Valid test cases for the above can be any value entered greater than 3 and less than 9.

Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 5.
Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 7.
Enter the value- 8.

2)Decision Table:
A decision table is also know as to cause-Effect table. This software testing technique is used for functions which respond to a combination of inputs or events.

Condition TC1 TC2 TC3 TC4 TC5 TC6
User name true true false false - -
Password true false true true - -
Homepage true - - - -
invalid credentials - true true true true -

          User name

          password

     2)Use case testing is a functional testing technique that helps in identifying and testing scenarios on the whole system or doing start-to-end transactions. 
     3)It helps to identify the gaps in software that might not be identified by testing individual components.
     4)It is used to develop test cases at the system level or acceptance level.

Testing techniques

KavithaGovindaraj — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 11:32:14 +0000

       2)It checks for the input values near the boundary that have a higher chance of error. Every partition has its maximum and minimum values and these maximum and minimum values are the boundary values of a partition. Boundary value analysis (BVA)is one of the functional testing.
      3)A boundary value for a valid partition is a valid boundary 
        value.
      4)A boundary value for an invalid partition is an invalid 
        boundary value.

For each variable we check-
Minimum value.
Just above the minimum.
Nominal Value.
Just below Max value.
Max value.
Example: Consider a system that accepts ages from 4 to 8

Boundary Value Analysis(Age accepts 4 to 8)

Invalid valid Invalid

(min-1) (min, min + 1, nominal, max – 1, max) (max + 1)

(3) (4,5,4,7,8) (9)

Valid Test cases: Valid test cases for the above can be any value entered greater than 3 and less than 9.

Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 5.
Enter the value- 4.
Enter the value- 7.
Enter the value- 8.

2)Decision Table:
A decision table is also know as to cause-Effect table. This software testing technique is used for functions which respond to a combination of inputs or events.

Condition TC1 TC2 TC3 TC4 TC5 TC6
User name true true false false - -
Password true false true true - -
Homepage true - - - -
invalid credentials - true true true true -

          User name

          password

     2)Use case testing is a functional testing technique that helps in identifying and testing scenarios on the whole system or doing start-to-end transactions. 
     3)It helps to identify the gaps in software that might not be identified by testing individual components.
     4)It is used to develop test cases at the system level or acceptance level.

selenium

KavithaGovindaraj — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 07:49:45 +0000

     1)selenium is an open-source, automated testing tool used to 
       test web application across various browsers.
     2)Selenium can only test web applications, unfortunately, so 
       desktop and mobile apps can't be tested. 
     3)However, other tools like Appium and HP's QTP can be used to 
       test software and mobile application.

Selenium used for automation:

          i) Selenium is an open-source automation framework 
             created in the year 2004 by Jason Huggins.
          ii)It is written purely in Java
         iii)It is used to validate the web applications only
         iv)Selenium can be used not only with Java but also with 
             Python, C#, JavaScript, Ruby etc,
          v)Selenium is just an automation framework only. 
            For testing you need other frameworks like  
            pytest, Python Behave.
         vi)It allows users to test their websites functionally on 
            different browsers.
        vii)Perform cross browser testing to check if the website 
            functions consistently across different browsers.
       viii)Selenium is an open-source suite of tools and libraries 
            that is used for browser automation.

python selenium

KavithaGovindaraj — Mon, 10 Jun 2024 06:59:42 +0000

                1)Selenium Architecture

The architecture of Selenium is composed of :-

1) Selenium IDE:
a) IDE = Integrated Development Environment.
b) It is nothing but a simple web-browser extension.
c) You just need to download and install the extension for that
particular web browser.
d) It can automate as well as record the entire automation
process.
e) people generally prefer to write test-scripts using
Python, Java, JavaScript etc,
2) Selenium Remote Control:
a) It has been deprecated.
b) It is not used these days.
c) It it been replaced by Selenium WebDriver or better to
say the Python Selenium WebDriver Manager.
3) Selenium WebDriver:
a) It is a major component of Selenium test suite
b) It provides us an interface between the programming
language in which we write our test-scripts and the web-
browser itself.

c) It is composed of :-

i) Selenium Client Library:
1)They are language bindings/commands which
you will use to write your automation
scripts.

                    2)These commands are compatible with HTTP, TCP- 
                      IP protocols. 

                   3)They are nothing but wrappers which sent the 
                     commands to the network for execution into a 
                     web- browser.

ii) Selenium API:
1)It is a set of rules and regulations which your Python
program uses to communicate with each other.
2)It helps us in automation without the need for the user
to understand what is happening in the background.
iii) JSON Wire Protocol:-
1)The commands that you write gets converted into JSON.
which is then transmitted across the network or to your
web-browser so that it can be executed for automation
and testing.
2)The JSON requests are sent to the client using the TCP-
IP/HTTP protocol.
iv) Browser Driver:
1)It acts as a bridge between the Selenium script,
libraries and the web-browser.
2)It helps us to run the Selenium test-scripts which
comprises Selenium commands on a particular web-browser.

4) Selenium Grid:-
a)It is used to run parallel tests on multiple devices
running different browsers at different geographical
locations.
b)We can run multiple test-cases simultaneously at one
moment of time.
c)It uses the Hub-Node architecture or Master-Slave architecture.

            2)Python Virtual Environment

      a)It is a module which helps us to keep the required 
        dependencies of a particular project by creating 
        isolated environments for them.
      b)It is like Sandboxing your software.
      c)Install the virtual environment Python module “Globally”.

Installing Python Virtual Environment Module:

       pip install Virtual

Verify the Python Virtual Environment Module:

              virtual  version.

Create a virtual Environment:
a)It is created per project.
b)It will create a folder for your project.

 virtualenu  < project _ folder _ name>
 cd < project_ folder _name>
 Scripts\activate
 Scripts\deactivate

NOTES : Just activate your Virtual Environment and start writing your Python codes.

PyCharm:
pip install selenium
pip install WebDriver-manager

software testing

KavithaGovindaraj — Fri, 03 May 2024 07:37:01 +0000

Software testing is the process of evaluating and verifying that a software product or application does what it's supposed to do. The benefits of good testing include preventing bugs and improving performance. Verify and validate application quality to ensure it meets user requirements.

software testing is the process of assessing the functionality of a software program. The process checks for errors and gapes and whether the outcome of the application desired expectations before the software is installed and goes live.
system software
program software
application software
the three types are software testing.

Application software:
Mobile based application. Use all your web application. front and code programming language.Ex:f12,google, you can see application you need correspond back and code language also an application mode. Ex: python, java

Software Testing

KavithaGovindaraj — Thu, 02 May 2024 13:12:43 +0000