DEV Community: Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy

FIBRE CHANNEL PROTOCOL(FCP)

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Wed, 30 Mar 2022 12:29:07 +0000

Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) is the SCSI protocol using an underlying Fibre Channel connection.FCP (Fibre Channel Protocol) is a communication protocol (like TCP in IP networks) designed for the transmission of SCSI commands over Fibre Channel networks. In computing, Fibre Channel is a high-speed networking technology that uses high-speed optical fiber cables and serial copper cables. Computers, servers, and mass storage subsystems require faster data transfers, so FC technology was developed.

A brief introduction to Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel is a network technology that specializes in data transmission at high speeds. Data is transmitted between storage, computers, switches, and data centres via the network. Within Fibre Channel, SCSI commands and information units are transmitted via the Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP). The point-to-point switched fibre, and arbitrated loop interfaces of Fiber Channel provide raw block data in an ordered manner.

Fibre Channel can be connected using a variety of cables beyond optical fiber. For Fibre Channel, coaxial cable or telephone twisted-pair cables are suitable, but if copper is used, the distance should not exceed 100 feet. A network based on optical fiber can reach up to six miles in length if it is used for enterprise storage.

If the multimodal optical fiber is used as the physical medium, fibre channel devices can be as far apart as 10 kilometres (about six miles). Shorter distances do not need optical fibre. Besides coaxial cable, Fibre Channel can also be used with ordinary telephone twisted-pair cables. Copper cabling distances should not exceed 100 feet when using copper cabling.

FC topologies are

DAS ( Direct Attached Storage)

NAS (Network Attached Storage)

SAN (Storage Area Network)

Characteristics include:

1) The FCP protocol is the original SAN protocol

2) It differs from Ethernet at all layers of the OSI stack, including the physical layer because it uses dedicated adaptors, cables, and switches

3) SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) commands are sent over Fibre Channel Network by using FCP

4)In FCP, the addressing is handled by WWN (World Wide Names) and consists of 8byte addresses made up of 16 hexadecimal characters

5) It is lossless as opposed to TCP and UDP

6)They have the following format: 15:00:00:f0:8c:95:de

Direct Attached Storage / DAS

Direct-attached storage refers to a type of digital storage system that is connected directly to a server or workstation without using a storage network. The term is used to define non-networked storage as opposed to SANs and NAS.

                    You can connect SAS, SCSI, or SATA drives directly to your system via SAS, SCSI, or Fibre Channel with directly attached storage raid and JBOD enclosures from Enhance Technologies and others. Generally, RAID enclosures come with a built-in RAID controller for raid storage setup and are OS independent.

NAS (Network Attached Storage)

A network-attached storage device (NAS) is a device that allows multiple users to access data from a centralized storage device over the network. The ethernet connection is used by the LAN users to access the shared storage.

Basically, it is designed for network systems that may process millions of operations per minute. Organizations, which require a reliable network system, can use this to support their storage devices. The disk is more economical than a file server and more versatile than an external drive.

SAN (Storage Area Network)

Storage Area Networks (SAN) are high-speed storage networks that are managed centrally and consist of storage systems, storage management software, application servers and network hardware. Through these systems, users can access and utilize business information data. SAN storage platforms deliver raw data over a dedicated network connection to server infrastructure.

How Can Beginners Start Their Open Source Journey

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Thu, 14 Oct 2021 14:28:41 +0000

Please check out the full article on Aviyel (leave a like before you do)

Open-source software (OSS) or Open Source Technology refers to codes freely available to the public. You can modify, distribute, and view the codes as you wish. The principles of open source are rooted in openness, collaboration, and community participation.

How does open source software work?

The focus of OSS is neither on the cost nor the absence thereof, contrary to popular belief. Instead, it emphasizes the user's freedom to modify the software as per their need. An open-source project distributes its source code for no charge. As a result, open-source software enables computer programmers and developers to modify and better someone else's creation. By using open-source software, small businesses can save money compared to expensive commercial software.

Open-source software's source codes are freely available for anybody to examine, modify, and enhance. The source code refers to the parts of a software program that most computer users do not see. Computer programmers can adjust them to change the way a program or application acts. They can fix parts that don't work or add new functions by manipulating the source code.

Peer review and community development are critical to successful open-source software, developed in a decentralised and collaborative manner. Open-source software is often less expensive, more flexible, and has a longer shelf life since it is created by communities rather than one separate entity.

Is internet history the history of open source?

Early telecommunication network protocols and internet technologies were developed using an open and collaborative environment during the 1950s and 1960s. ARPANET, a precursor to the 21st-century internet, encouraged peer review and collaboration through an open feedback process. It helped facilitate discussion and create open communication standards for collaborative development by letting coders view each

other's source files. During the early internet days in the 1990s, collective values, peer reviews, communication, and openness were integrated into its design.

Are open source, free software, and closed source software the same?

Richard Stallman formally designed free software through the GNU Project in 1983. Open source software has held that label for a long time. As a movement, free software emphasizes the idea of user freedom: freedom to see the source code, to modify, redistribute, make it freely available and work according to the user's specific needs.

Free software is a complement to closed source or proprietary software. In closed source software, the source code's proprietors are the only legal owners. A user may face legal coherence if they try to copy or modify a closed-source code without legal permission. The name "free software" has created confusion, however.

Having free software does not necessarily mean owning it, but using it as per user requirements. However, developers must note that "freedom is not the same as beer.". The pioneer of "open source" attempted to solve this problem by simply replacing the term "free software" with "open source." She argued that the problem with "free software" was not its association with politics but price predatory tendencies. Users must refrain from using the two terms interchangeably.

As part of a working group tasked with introducing open source software practices to a broader market, Peterson suggested that "open source" replace the term "free software." Group members advocated the availability of open, collaborative, flexible, and adaptable software to the world. In addition, it had more flexibility, was durable, and was high-qualityless expensive.

Eric Raymond was also a member of this working group, who later published his wildly influential piece "The Cathedral and the Bazaar." Netscape Communications Corporation released the Mozilla project's source code as free software in 1998, in response to that essay. As an open source project, that code later became the basis for Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird.

The open source software movement was under tremendous pressure following Netscape's endorsement, forcing the community to focus on the practical business aspects of free software. The split between open source and free software thus became cemented: "open source" would serve as the term championing the methodological, production, and business aspects of free software. As long as these issues are rooted in the concept of user freedom, "free software" will remain a label that describes the conversations on the philosophical aspects of the problems.

Advantages of open source software

Open source software is now a necessity for almost all organisations. It is almost impossible to run a business without open source software today. Whether telecommunications systems, inventory, accounting, personal productivity applications, contact management, or operating systems, there is an ardent requirement of open source in every industry nowadays. Your entire organisation can feel the thrust of using open source software. Here are some advantages of using open source software:

Less expensive hardware

Linux and other open source software are easier to move around, compress and take less power than Solaris, Windows, or workstations. It is even possible to use cheap or old equipment and get the same results.

High-quality software

Many open source applications are high quality software. The source code is available once you start using open source. The majority of open source programs are well designed.

Simple license management

Open source software does not require licenses, so you would no longer have to worry. They can be installed multiple times and used anywhere. License compliance will not be monitored, tracked, or counted.

Abundant support

Open source software comes with ample support. Online communities make open source support easily accessible and available for free. Additionally, companies are offering free and paid online help, support, and maintenance staff.

Lower software costs

Minimising expenses is possible with open source software. By paying less for licensing and maintenance, you can save money. Documentation, media, and support would be the only expenses you will encounter.

There are only a few easy steps left. You can read the complete article for free on Aviyel.

Are you interested in "HIGHER STUDIES IN ABROAD" for a masters degree (MS) ?? PART - 1

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Thu, 30 Sep 2021 03:32:15 +0000

Why we need to get a Master's Degree

A Master's Degree Can Give You Greater Career Opportunities.
A Master's Degree Can Grow or Sharpen Your Skills.
A Master's Degree Can Help You Become More Competitive in the Job Market.
A Master's Degree Can Help You Get Increased Credibility and Respect.
A Master's Degree Can Help You Make a Career Change.

Top 5 destinations for studying in abroad

The USA
The UK
Canada
Australia
Germany

Basic Steps

Search about the university
Know all the requirements on the university website because requirements will change according to the university
Write entrance exams
LOR and SOP'S are required (Letter of recommendation & Statement of purpose)
After receiving an offer letter apply for the visa

MS in USA

Semesters :

Falls - Starts in August/September
Spring - Starts in January
Summer - Starts around the beginning of May

Basic Steps

Search about the university
Know all the requirements on the university website because requirements will change according to the university
Write entrance exams
LOR and SOP'S are required (Letter of recommendation & Statement of purpose)
After receiving an offer letter apply for the visa

Required Documents

Copies of marks sheet(X, XII and Bachelors)
Reference Letters(2-3) and LOR(If you have work experience)
Statement of Purpose (SOP)
Resume
Essays(if demanded by the university)
Copies of entrance exam results
Proof of funds
WES evaluation (depends on the university)
Others(Certificates/achievements at the state and national level and Extracurricular activities)

Eligibility
Must have to complete 16 years of previous education(10+2+4 years degree/10+2+3 year degree+2 masters/10+3 years diploma+3 years degree)
GPA 3.00 to 3.25 minimum
GRE - 290+,ILETS - 6.5+,TOFEL - 78+

Required Exams
ILETS,GRE,TOFEL,GMAT,PTE(academic),Duolingo English Test

Types of visa
F-1 Student visa
J Exchange visa
M Student visa

Apply for visa
Get an offer letter from the university
Pay SEVIS fee(M,F-$350 and J-$220)
Complete the visa application
Schedule a USA visa interview

Required documents for applying visa
A passport that has a validity of a minimum of 6 months after you stay in the USA
DS-160 application form printout
Visa interview appointment letter
Form I - 20
Bill copy Visa fee paid slip
Bank statement minimum 3 years
Payslips
Original marks sheet
Score sheet of exams you attend

Part time work
Maximum 20 hours per week

Top university in 2021
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Stanford University
University of California - Berkeley Campus
University of Cambridge
Georgia Institute of Technology
University of Michigan
California Institute of Technology

University ranking Changes frequently

MS in Canada

Semesters :

Fall - End of August/Start of September to December/January
Winter - January to April
Summar - April/May to July

Basic Steps

Search about the university
Know all the requirements on the university website because requirements will change according to the university
Write entrance exams
LOR and SOP'S are required (Letter of recommendation & Statement of purpose)
After receiving an offer letter apply for the visa

Required Documents

Copies of marks sheet(X, XII and Bachelors)
Reference Letters(2-3) and LOR(If you have work experience)
Statement of Purpose (SOP)
Resume
Proof of funds
Scores of standardized tests to study in Canada includes GMAT/GRE Scores
Language proficiency(English/French)
Payment of non-refundable application fee
Copy of passport
Proof of scholarship or funding
Others(Certificates/achievements at the state and national level and Extracurricular activities)

Eligibility
Must have to complete 16 years of previous education(10+2+4 years degree/10+2+3 year degree+2 masters/10+3 years diploma+3 years degree)
GPA 3.00 minimum
GRE - 270+,ILETS - 6.5+,80% or above in exams you appear
Few master's programs also required 1-3 years of work experience

Required Exams

TOFEL,GRE,IELTS,GMAT,DALF,DELF,TEF,TCF etc..

Student visa, Permit

For student visa and permit Click here

Part-time

Maximum 20 hours per week

Some useful scholarships
Government of Canada International Scholarships Program.
Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships.
Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation Doctoral scholarships.

Top Universities & Colleges in Canada

University of Toronto
The University of British Columbia
University of Alberta
Humber College
McGill University
University of Waterloo

PART - 2 will published soon

Thanks for reading 😊

Top six dev tools to start with React

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Thu, 23 Sep 2021 13:47:21 +0000

Most web applications today are built using React.js, a JavaScript library. Approximately 8 thousand industries globally use React.js for app and web development. Even the popular Fortune 500 companies that we all are acquainted with use React.js.The list includes popular tech houses like Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Netflix, etc. A number of Javascripts version are available in the market that has dominated the global web development scenario including Angular and Vue.js. To those just starting out with dev tools, it is important to understand the building blocks of React.js presented in this post.

What is React?

Developed by Facebook, React.js is an open source JavaScript library to build a single-page application. This layer handles apps both on the web and mobile devices. You can even create UI components using React. If Facebook can launch its news feed, and Instagram its website with an open source tool then think of its brilliancy as a JS library. Moreover, React allows developers to easily update large web applications without reloading the page. If I have to use three words to define React, I shall use; Simple, scalable, and fast. It only works on user interfaces within applications. According to the MVC template, this would correspond to the view. The library and framework can be used in combination, for example, with Angular JS in an MVC application.

What is JavaScript Library?

A JavaScript library contains prewritten JavaScript code so that JavaScript-based applications, particularly those using AJAX or other web technologies, can be developed easily and be used and reused to perform standard JavaScript functions. You can plug JavaScript library code into the rest of your project as needed. Consequently, the development will be faster, and errors were less likely to occur.

What Makes ReactJS a Go-To Tool for Web Developers?

There are a lot of open source platforms for making front-end web application development more accessible. Even Angular is contributing its bit. While with technology upgrades, it is difficult to keep a track of different web development frameworks, especially when that framework may not hold up in the long run, ReactJS has proved to be a versatile option. Take a closer look at some of React's most important features that makes it scalable and developers' personal favourite.

6 Free Websites To Learn Web Development.

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Thu, 16 Sep 2021 10:32:08 +0000

In today’s saturated job market, choosing the right career is very important.Career choice is a laborious process though since there are several criteria to consider, such as whether it suits you well, whether it makes you happy, the salary, working hours, benefits. And in comparison, web development seems to be one of the most favourable choices.

1. W3Schools

W3Schools is a website where you can learn everything about programming and web development. You will learn HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, the three core technologies of the web. Also included in the course are Sass, Bootstrap, and React. There are also hundreds of exercises covering a variety of topics that will test your comprehension of the language you choose.

2. MDN Web Docs

The goal of this section of MDN is not to get you from "beginner" to "expert," but to get you from "beginner" to "comfortable." From there, you should be able to expand your knowledge through the rest of MDN and other intermediate to advanced resources.

Web development can be challenging for a complete beginner, but we will hold your hand and provide enough information for you to feel comfortable and understand the topics. No matter if you are a student learning web development (on your own or in a class), a teacher looking for class materials, a hobbyist, or someone who just wants to learn more about how web technologies work, you should feel at home here.

3. FreeCodeCamp

There are plenty of free web development resources available on the internet, but FreeCodeCamp is probably one of the best. Besides HTML and CSS (Flexbox, Bootstrap, Sass, and Grid), there is also JavaScript (Jquery, React). You will also learn how to create responsive websites. It offers you a wide range of assignments and exercises to test your knowledge.

4. HTML Dog

The HTMLDog website covers the three primary languages of web development, HTML, CSS, and Javascript. There are different levels of each language, beginner, intermediate, and advanced. On the website, the information is presented in a readable and understandable manner. It's a great website for understanding the fundamentals of each language.

5. GeeksForGeeks

The Geek for Geeks website covers all the key aspects of Computer Science. Geeks for Geeks, unlike other sites that teach about programming, teaches students how to be successful in the job market. While it also covers the non-technical aspects of Computer Science, the website also teaches the art of coding.

6. SoloLearn

Using this platform, learning to code has become a very social and interactive experience. Using SoloLearn, learners engage with each other, gain points, receive recognition as top learners, and appear in a community of developers.

You can access it via the web and on a mobile app, so you can learn wherever you are. Further, by joining the conversation, you will be able to contribute. In the 'Code Playground' and 'Discuss' sections, you can ask questions and answer other learners' questions.

You can learn Python, C++, Java, JavaScript, SQL, PHP, HTML & CSS, React, Angular, and pretty much anything code-related.

Conclusion

You will probably benefit from using multiple resources simultaneously if you want to learn to code and are serious about web development.
If you have used any other quality resources to learn programming and web development, comment down

To all my readers out here I have an interesting thing to share with you. There's a hackathon going on there. For more information, keep reading.

A hackathon might be an alternative for you if you are a computer science student or an upcoming developer. The benefit of participating in an online or physical hackathon is that you can develop coding skills, work with developers, develop a resume, and meet peers.

I recommend Hack This Fall 2.0 if you are interested in such an event. The event takes place between 22nd and 24th of October. A 48-Hour Virtual Hackathon is taking this to the next level this year, with the aim of promoting hackers and helping them to develop new ideas and prototypes in various domains. A part of their mission is also to support beginners to hack our society and bring a positive change.

If you want to register for this wonderful hackathon you can do it:click here.don't forget to use my referral code : HTFHE068. Over a thousand hackers have already signed up.

The 6 Best Sites to Learn JavaScript for Free

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Tue, 07 Sep 2021 04:52:15 +0000

JavaScript is everywhere, so we wanted to make it easier for JavaScript learners to choose the resources that will empower them as they progress through their learning journey. Sites like these are incredible opportunities to develop your skills and share them.

1 . JavaScript Algorithms and Data Structures

Topics Covered in This Course: JavaScript ES6, Regular Expressions, Data Structures, Debugging

Certification: freecodecamp.org

2 . JavaScript Fundamentals

Topics Covered in This Course: HTML basics, Variables, Operators, Errors, Custom Objects, Popups

Course: udemy.com

3 . The Modern JavaScript Tutorial

Topics Covered: Fundamentals, Code Quality, Objects, Data Types, Functions, Prototypes

Blog: javascript.info

4 . Eloquent JavaScript

Topics Covered : Values, Types, Operators, Functions, HTTP, Modules, Node.js, Projects

Ebook: eloquentjavascript

5 . A re-introduction to JavaScript

Topics Covered : Numbers, Strings, Other types, Variables, Operators, Control structures, Objects, Arrays, Functions, Custom objects

Blog: developer.mozilla.org

6 . Learn modern JavaScript

Topics Covered : ES6 from scratch, var & let, const, Javascript scope, Mutation, Object.freeze(), Arrow functions, High order functions, Default parameters, Rest operator, Spread operator, Object destructuring,Array destructuring, Constructor functions,Declarative functions, ES6 classes, Getters and setters, ES6 modules, Import & Export

interactive: scrimba.com

What is your favourite website to learn JavaScript? Let us know down in the comments below!

To all my readers out here I have an interesting thing to share with you. There's a hackathon going on there. For more information, keep reading.

If you want to register for this wonderful hackathon you can do it:click here.don't forget to use my referral code : HTFHE068. Over a thousand hackers have already signed up.

Top 7 Games To Learn Coding

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Sun, 05 Sep 2021 06:03:52 +0000

Initially, I had limited options for practicing my coding skills, including books, online tutorials, coding challenges, and lots of experimentation. Today, other than interactive courses and tutorials, you can check out several free coding games to learn coding skills and enhance your programming skills.

1. CODE MONKEY

Website Link

Code monkey covers text-based coding languages of CoffeeScript and Python. The programming language used in Coding Adventure is called CoffeeScript. It's a language that compiles to JavaScript, and similarly to JavaScript, it is used in the industry primarily for web applications.

CodeMonkey is a leading, fun and intuitive curriculum where students learn to code in real programming languages. Through the game and project-based courses, students as young as 7 use real programming languages to solve puzzles and build games and apps. The majority of CodeMonkey’s courses do not require prior coding experience to teach. All courses are designed for school, extra-curricular and home-use.

2. CODINGAME

Website Link

CodinGame is a technology company editing an online platform for developers, allowing them to play with programming with increasingly difficult puzzles, to learn to code better with an online programming application supporting twenty-five programming languages, and to compete in multiplayer programming contests involving timed artificial intelligence, or code-golf challenges.

CodinGame offers up to fun free games to help learn more than 25 programming languages, including JavaScript, PHP and Ruby.

3. FLEXBOX FROGGY

Website Link

Flexbox Froggy , a game where you help Froggy and friends by writing CSS code! Guide this frog to the lilypad on the right by using the justify-content property, which aligns items horizontally

Want to learn how CSS flexbox works? check out FLEXBOX FROGGY . It has a simple interface that teaches you the basics of how things align in flexbox while you help Froggy and his friends

4. Robocode

Website Link

Robocode is a complex programming game where you code robot tanks that fight against each other. Your job is to write the artificial intelligence that drives your robots to success---using real languages like Java, Scala, C#, and more. To get started, check out the Robocode Basics and Tutorials.

The Robocode installer comes with a development environment, built-in robot editor, and Java compiler. You're actually writing real code! Despite launching back in 2000, Robocode is still regularly updated and maintained, helped along by the fact that it's open-source and addictive.

5. Codecombat

Website Link

Codecombat is another web app for game-like puzzles and challenges that can only be solved by writing code. But whereas Codingame is more entertaining, Codecombat has a significant educational bent with a "Classroom Edition" that teachers can use to help their students learn how to code. As of this writing, three course paths are available: Computer Science, Web Development, and Game Development.

6. Codewars

Website Link

Codewars isn't so much a game as it is a gamified way to practice coding and solving algorithmic challenges. You get points for completing puzzles and point values are determined by how efficient your solutions are. Codewars lets you view solutions submitted by others, which you can study and learn from. I believe it's one of the best ways to learn a new programming language and its idioms.

7. CheckiO

Website Link

CheckiO is web-based Python learning resource, where your task is to learn through playing games and solving intertesting quizzes. CheckiO features it's own feature complete web-based development environment, but many users prfer using desktop IDE's.

To all my readers out here I have an interesting thing to share with you. There's a hackathon going on there. For more information, keep reading.

If you want to register for this wonderful hackathon you can do it:click here.don't forget to use my referral code : HTFHE068. Over a thousand hackers have already signed up.

10 Intelligent Movies To Watch Before You Die

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Wed, 01 Sep 2021 04:17:34 +0000

We’ve brought the clever movies you need to watch for this list, pointing out works with complex stories that always demand more attention from your viewer. Below are films that subvert the order of their plot, question the meaning of existence, work on the aspect of time in our lives, bring plot twists, and so on.

Let’s go to the list.

1 . Memento (Christopher Nolan, 2000)

After his wife is brutally killed and he is beaten by a criminal, a man, now with problems in his short-term memory, decides to embark on a destructive journey behind him. ‘Memento’ is rustic in its conception of plot, subverting the paths trodden by the characters, working with hard philosophical concepts, like the one of ‘eternal return’, resulting in a film that stays in the head of the spectator even after its end.

2 . The Truman Show (Peter Weir, 1998)

Wrapped in a routine of inexorable habits, a man, by a mere figure of chance, ends up realizing that his whole life had been a big lie and his day-to-day life was actually programmed and controlled by a kind of TV show. Now it’s up to him to go after all the truth behind this story. ‘The Truman Show’ is different in its story arc, promoting situations of the most diverse, provoking a sense of reassessment of life by those who watch the film.

3 . The Gift (Joel Edgerton, 2015)

In the plot, a couple receives an unexpected visit from a man who had been friends with one of them for a long time. However, the strange man begins, little by little, to bother the couple, doubting their motivations before them. ‘The Gift’ uses a few scenarios to govern the events of its history. Here, everything is guided under a mood of mystery that is maintained until the final moments of the film, letting the viewer formulate theories about what is on screen.

4 . Psycho (Alfred Hitchcock, 1960)

After stealing an enormous amount of the place in which works, a young woman initiates a car flight by the country. In the midst of this journey, the young woman decides to stop to rest in a hotel by the roadside, not knowing that this would be a mortal place. Alfred Hitchcock’s masterpiece, ‘Psycho’ is a work that guided the paths of the horror and suspense genres in the following decades, raising a daring story, nourishing one of the most amazing finals of cinema.

5 . The Sixth Sense (M. Night Shyamalan, 1999)

A psychologist tries to help a little boy who claims to see spirits, starting a journey full of mysteries behind answers. Characterizing itself as one of the films with one of the greatest twists of the seventh art, ‘The Sixth Sense’ is one of those top-quality suspensions. A film that frightens with few details, in an engaging and always pleasant story.

6 . Double Indemnity (Billy Wilder, 1944)

In the plot, an individual who works for an insurance agency falls in love with a woman who persuades him to defraud his job. However, after the crime, he will realize that his choice was not the right one, fighting a clever investigator not to get caught. The biggest Noir movie of all time, ‘Double Indemnity is a film class of the genius Billy Wilder. Exploring a nuance-permeated plot, the film manages to be dynamic while it unravels every meander of its central characters, providing the viewer with a unique experience.

7 . Zodiac (David Fincher, 2007)

A serial killer terrorized the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s, leaving authorities and the population in an incomplete state of paranoia. The plot gains its substance when the criminal decides to communicate through codes with a newspaper, arousing the interest of a journalist of the place. Based on a real event, ‘Zodiac’ is a film that shivers by the density of the story presented. Intelligent suspense can cause the most diverse emotions in the viewer without using the clichés characteristic of the genre.

8 . I Love You, I Love You (Alain Resnais, 1968)

A man serves as a guinea pig for a strange scientific experiment that stirs the character of time. However, something goes wrong, leaving the individual trapped in their own memories. ‘I Love You, I Love You’ is potent in its theme, studying the ephemeral character of life, as well as the most important fragments that our existence understands.

9 . 2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968)

The film fits into the intricacies of humanity’s evolution, rescuing different periods of our history and building future events. Stanley Kubrick’s masterpiece, this film demands a lot from its viewer because of its slow pace, making itself tiring at times, but rewarding who watches its completion.

10 . Run Lola Run (Tom Tykwer, 1998)

After her boyfriend gets involved in an unpleasant situation, a young woman takes a few minutes to get a certain amount of money and save the boy. Divided into variations of stories about the same theme, ‘Run Lola Run’ has an unparalleled dynamism to govern its plot, achieving in only 81 minutes to build a unique film.

Hope you enjoyed the article!

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Best tech movies that every programmer must watch

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Mon, 30 Aug 2021 05:18:26 +0000

Every programmer would love to see their profession from the perspective of movies. We all know Hollywood is well known for showcasing programming and Artificial Intelligence in the right ways. So, without any further ado, here are the 10 best movies that every programmer must watch.

1.Tron

The movie is released in 1982. It is a science fiction action-adventure film. The direction was by Steven Lisberger from a story by Lisberger and starred by Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer. The Movie shows how Jeff Bridges get sucked in the computer world and tries to escape from there by interacting with the computer world. At last, he manages to get skipped from this computer world and return to the normal world by applying his knowledge. This turns out to be the best movie to watch for the programmers as it teaches us to apply our tech knowledge in different situations.

2. Hackers

The movie is released in 1995. It is directed by Iain Softley and stars Jonny Lee Miller. This movie was released when the usage of the internet was not famous. The movie shows how few high school student uses their tech knowledge for corporate extortion. The movie got mixed reviews from critics but it was a masterpiece for programmers and security enthusiasts.

3. The Pirates of Silicon Valley

The Pirates of Silicon Valley was released in 1999. This movie tells the story of how Apple and Microsoft became so successful. It tells how Steve Jobs and Bill Gates came up with the idea of creating a personal computer that could be used by everyone. The movie shows the ideology and methodology both of them used to develop their top line of computers. The movie is highly recommended for techies.

The Movie begins with IBM in the early 1980s. At that time the IBM was unbeatable in the field of computing. And at that time the Steve Jobs set up their own company named “Apple” and started making computers in the garage. Ultimately the movie shows the ideology and methodology both of them used for making the line of the computer and now they are one of the top software companies in the world.

4. The Imitation Game

The movie came out in 2014 and it shows the invention of the world’s very the first computer by Alan Turing and his team. It shows how at the end of the movie Alan and his team were able to come up with a way to decode the German Enigma Code. This movie can be very inspirational for the programmers.

5. The Social Network

This movie is based on a true story about Facebook and Mark Zuckerberg. The movie is all about the growth of Facebook and the challenges Zuckerberg had to face. The programmers will surely love this movie as it shows the achievements of a dedicated programmer.

6. The Internship

This is a movie about two adults Billy and Nick who lose their jobs and then apply for Google’s competitive internship program. They both get chosen to join the internship program at Google headquarters in Mountain View California. Here, they have to compete with a young group of people, who are tech geniuses. This would be a great movie for those who think they are too old to learn the tech stuff.

7. Antitrust

It was released in 2001. It is a techno-thriller film. The direction is by Peter Howitt. If you want to know about the software world's dirty side, then this movie is best recommended. The film frame the ideal programmers working in a corporation company providing a significant salary and informal working environment. A young talented programmer gets the organisation's job but later finds out that something is wrong there. The programmer then uses his tech skills and find out the issue. This movie is an all-time favourite for programmers as it shows the best way of applying your tech knowledge.

8. Jobs

This is the biopic of the legend in the world of computers, Steve Jobs. Indeed a very inspirational movie. This movie not only shows the technical skills Jobs but also his vision of changing the world.

9. Ex Machina

The Movie was released in 2014. It is a science fiction psychological thriller film. The direction was by Alex Garland. The movie shows a lot of applications of technology like artificial intelligence on mankind to have a better life. The story reloves around the programmer who is invited by his CEO to an intelligent humanoid robot. It shows the struggle of the programmers in the software world and the harmful effects on society if this technology is not used properly.

10. Her

This is a movie about a man named “Theodore” who is going to get separated from his wife and is very lonely. He purchases an operating system with AI that is designed to adapt and evolve like a human being. This would be an amazing movie for programmers who have an interest in Artificial Intelligence and its future.

Kali-Linux

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Thu, 26 Aug 2021 11:25:29 +0000

When you start looking into a career in cybersecurity, one of the biggest things you will quickly learn is how important Kali Linux is to cybersecurity professionals and especially professional penetration testers. In case you’re not familiar with this very interesting version of Linux, in this article, we’ll dive into what exactly Kali Linux is and discuss the best way to learn this penetration testing swiss army knife operating system.

What is Kali Linux?

Kali Linux (formerly known as BackTrack Linux) is an open-source, Debian-based Linux distribution aimed at advanced Penetration Testing and Security Auditing. Kali Linux contains several hundred tools targeted towards various information security tasks, such as Penetration Testing, Security Research, Computer Forensics and Reverse Engineering. Kali Linux is a multi-platform solution, accessible and freely available to information security professionals and hobbyists.

Kali Linux was released on the 13th March 2013 as a complete, top-to-bottom rebuild of BackTrack Linux, adhering completely to Debian development standards.

A brief history of Kali Linux

Kali Linux was released in 2013 by the organization Offensive Security, which also offers cybersecurity training and certifications. Offensive Security took the pre-existing security-focused Backtrack Linux and redeveloped it into Kali based on the Debian variant of Linux. Kali Linux is free and it is made very clear that it will always be free.

Is Kali Linux illegal?

Kali Linux is not illegal by itself. After all, it is just an OS. It is however a tool for hacking too and when someone uses it especially for hacking, it is illegal. It is legal If you install it for useful purposes like learning, or teaching, or using it in the way to fortify your software or your network as It is not illegal to install any Operating System which is licensed and available for download.

How to install Kali Linux?

Kali Linux installation is a fairly simple process and you have multiple installation options. Most preferred ones include:

Installing Kali Linux by making a Kali (Linux) bootable USB drive
Kali Linux hard disk install
Using virtualization software, such as VMware or VirtualBox
Dual booting Kali Linux with the operating system

System Requirements for Kali Linux- (How much RAM does Kali Linux need?)

All you have to make sure is that you have compatible hardware. Kali is supported on i386, amd64, and ARM (both ARMEL and ARMHF) platforms. The hardware requirements are minimal as listed below, although better hardware will naturally provide better performance.

A minimum of 20 GB disk space for the Kali Linux install.
RAM for i386 and amd64 architectures, minimum: 1GB, recommended: 2GB or more.
CD-DVD Drive / USB boot support/ VirtualBox

Why do hackers use Kali Linux?

Previously known as Backtrack, Kali Linux advertises itself as a more polished successor with more testing-centric tools, unlike Backtrack which had multiple tools that would serve the same purpose, in turn, making it jampacked with unnecessary utilities. This makes ethical hacking using Kali Linux a simplified task.

Why do cybersecurity professionals prefer Kali Linux?

One of the biggest reasons cyber professionals use and often prefer Kali Linux is the fact that all of the source code is open-source, meaning that the system can be tweaked to the liking of the cybersecurity professional that is using it. This is not necessarily done often, it does provide the option to personalize Kali for specific cybersecurity tasks. Kali Linux also comes with multi-language support.

Interestingly, up until 2019 Kali Linux had been designed to be used for single root user access, meaning that the user is given full rights and access to everything. This was recently changed to accommodate users that were using Kali Linux more often than just for cybersecurity purposes.

The cyber advantage of using Kali Linux

Those were just a few examples of the popular applications that come pre-installed on Kali Linux. While it is true that all of the applications on Kali Linux are free and can be downloaded on other operating systems, Kali Linux makes it a lot easier for the user by doing all of the work for you and compiling them in one operating system distribution.

Kali Linux Features

More than 600 penetration testing tools included: After reviewing every tool that was included in BackTrack, we eliminated a great number of tools that either simply did not work or which duplicated other tools that provided the same or similar functionality. Details on what’s included are on the Kali Tools site.
Free (as in beer) and always will be: Kali Linux, like BackTrack, is completely free of charge and always will be. You will never, ever have to pay for Kali Linux.
Open source Git tree: We are committed to the open-source development model and our development tree is available for all to see. All of the source code which goes into Kali Linux is available for anyone who wants to tweak or rebuild packages to suit their specific needs.
Wide-ranging wireless device support: A regular sticking point with Linux distributions has been supported for wireless interfaces. We have built Kali Linux to support as many wireless devices as we possibly can, allowing it to run properly on a wide variety of hardware and making it compatible with numerous USB and other wireless devices.
Developed in a secure environment: The Kali Linux team is made up of a small group of individuals who are the only ones trusted to commit packages and interact with the repositories, all of which is done using multiple secure protocols.
GPG signed packages and repositories: Every package in Kali Linux is signed by each developer who built and committed it, and the repositories subsequently sign the packages as well.
Multi-language support: Although penetration tools tend to be written in English, we have ensured that Kali includes true multilingual support, allowing more users to operate in their native language and locate the tools they need for the job.
Completely customizable: We thoroughly understand that not everyone will agree with our design decisions, so we have made it as easy as possible for our more adventurous users to customize Kali Linux to their liking, all the way down to the kernel.

Conclusion and Key Points

Keep in mind that Kali Linux, while not overly complicated, isn’t exactly for beginners, so take your time as you work through the tools. Try to learn at least one new thing each day.
If you’re new to the world of Linux, consider starting with another Linux system like Ubuntu to get a taste of what you would be getting into.
Never attempt to use the tools in Kali Linux against any system which are not authorized to access. There are plenty of legally free systems out there to practice your skills.

If you want to know how to download Kail Linux on the android device comment below

Thanks for reading 😊

Artificial Intelligence

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Mon, 09 Aug 2021 04:55:56 +0000

What is Artificial Intelligence(AI) ?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in machine learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the tech industry.

AI is the future. It is shaping many industries even when it’s new compared to other technologies. AI is also growing as scientists and engineers are doing research at a rapid pace. Companies such as Google, Facebook, Microsoft, and others are also investing heavily in AI research, and the results are quite evident. The release of self-driving cars is just an example of rapid AI growth.

History and Evolution of Artificial Intelligence

The idea of Artificial Intelligence is believed to be born back in 1940s and 1950s when some scientists came up with the idea of creating artificial brain. Since then, there is no turning back.

Turing test(1950s)

- Turing test is a very famous and the very first one performed by a British computer scientist Alan Turing. In this test, Turing tried to replace a machine with a human in a conversation over a teleprinter and checked whether a computer can replace human with a significant level of intelligence.

- He published his research in the famous landmark paper "Computing Machinery and intelligence" in 1950s.

ELIZA(1960s)

- LIZA was a chatterbot created by Joseph Weizenbaum which is believed to have been one of the first programs to pass Turing test.

- It managed to mislead many people by mimicking the role of a therapist. It encouraged the people to speak more by cross questioning them.

IBM's Deep Blue

In 1997, AI achieved a remarkable goal when the world chess champion and grand master Gary Kasparov was defeated by IBM’s Deep Blue, a chess playing computer program.

Kismet(1990s)

Kismet is a robot made in late 1990s. This robot had the capability to recognize and simulate facial expressions. It responded by making different facial expression like those of happiness, excitement, sorrow and so on for different scenarios.

Sony's AIBO(1999)

- AIBO(The Artificial Intelligence robot) was a robotic dog created by Sony in 1999 originally for entertainment purposes.

- This Robotic dog, AIBO has the capability to develop its own personality over time. It also has face recognition capability which helps it to detect different members of your family.

ASIMO(2000)

- ASIMO(Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) is a humanoid robot which was designed by Honda in 2000. ASIMO has the capability to recognize and simulate the surrounding environment such as recognition of moving objects, postures, sounds and faces etc.

- It is basically designed to help people. It can even recognize when a person offers it a handshake or calls it by the name.

Siri(2011)

- Siri was the first digital virtual assistant designed originally by SRI International and is widely used in iOS, macOS, iPadOS and watchOS.

- Siri has many amazing features like scheduling events and reminders, Navigation, device settings, Phone and text actions, handle payments through Apple Pay and much more.

Google DeepMind's AlphaGo(2016)

In 2016, Google DeepMind's AlphaGo defeated a professional Korean 'Go champion' who won 27 major tournaments from 2002 to 2016.

Microsoft's Cortana and Amazon's Alexa

- The era of virtual assistants started with the release of Apple's Siri. Since then, many developments were made in this field. Alexa, a virtual assistant by Amazon, first came into existence in November,2014 whereas Microsoft announced the availability of Cortana for Windows 10 desktops and mobile devices in January,2015.

- In today's times, these virtual assistants are capable of performing so many daily based tasks with a remarkable level of efficiency

HOW DOES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WORK?

AI works by combining large amounts of data with fast, iterative processing and intelligent algorithms, allowing the software to learn automatically from patterns or features in the data. AI is a broad field of study that includes many theories, methods and technologies, as well as the following major subfields:

Machine learning automates analytical model building. It uses methods from neural networks, statistics, operations research and physics to find hidden insights in data without explicitly being programmed for where to look or what to conclude.
A neural network is a type of machine learning that is made up of interconnected units (like neurons) that processes information by responding to external inputs, relaying information between each unit. The process requires multiple passes at the data to find connections and derive meaning from undefined data.
Deep learning uses huge neural networks with many layers of processing units, taking advantage of advances in computing power and improved training techniques to learn complex patterns in large amounts of data. Common applications include image and speech recognition.
Cognitive computing is a subfield of AI that strives for a natural, human-like interaction with machines. Using AI and cognitive computing, the ultimate goal is for a machine to simulate human processes through the ability to interpret images and speech – and then speak coherently in response
Computer vision relies on pattern recognition and deep learning to recognize what’s in a picture or video. When machines can process, analyze and understand images, they can capture images or videos in real time and interpret their surroundings.
Natural language processing (NLP) is the ability of computers to analyze, understand and generate human language, including speech. The next stage of NLP is natural language interaction, which allows humans to communicate with computers using normal, everyday language to perform tasks.

HOW IS AI USED?

"AI is a computer system able to perform tasks that ordinarily require human intelligence... Many of these artificial intelligence systems are powered by machine learning, some of them are powered by deep learning and some of them are powered by very boring things like rules."

Artificial intelligence generally falls under two broad categories:

- Narrow AI: Sometimes referred to as "Weak AI," this kind of artificial intelligence operates within a limited context and is a simulation of human intelligence. Narrow AI is often focused on performing a single task extremely well and while these machines may seem intelligent, they are operating under far more constraints and limitations than even the most basic human intelligence.

-Artificial General Intelligence (AGI): AGI, sometimes referred to as "Strong AI," is the kind of artificial intelligence we see in the movies, like the robots from Westworld or Data from Star Trek: The Next Generation. AGI is a machine with general intelligence and, much like a human being, it can apply that intelligence to solve any problem.

Advantages of Artificial Intelligence

1) Reduction in Human Error

2) Takes risks instead of Humans

3) Available 24x7

4) Helping in Repetitive Jobs

5) Digital Assistance

6) Faster Decisions

7) Daily Applications

8) New Inventions

Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence

1)High cost of implementation

2)Doesn't improve with experience

3)Lacks creativity

4)Risk of unemployment

Finally :

I am going to close by giving some general conclusions about Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI is the ability of machines to adapt to external inputs by forming rational behaviors based on that input. Using AI, we can create systems that can perform tasks that would otherwise require human intelligence.

Thank you for reading 😊

If you have enjoyed this article and would like to buy me a coffee you can do it here 😊👇

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Front-end Vs Back-end

Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy — Mon, 26 Jul 2021 11:19:58 +0000

FRONT-END DEVELOPER

What is Frontend ?

Front-end web development, also known as client-side development is the practice of producing HTML, CSS and JavaScript for a website or Web Application so that a user can see and interact with them directly. The challenge associated with front end development is that the tools and techniques used to create the front end of a website change constantly and so the developer needs to constantly be aware of how the field is developing.

Salary - $100,000

Languages :

HTML
CSS
Javascript
React

HTML :HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is used to design the front-end portion of web pages using a markup language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language. Hypertext defines the link between the web pages. The markup language is used to define the text documentation within the tag which defines the structure of web pages.

CSS : Cascading Style Sheets fondly referred to as CSS is a simply designed language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to web pages. More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independent of the HTML that makes up each web page.

JavaScript : JavaScript is a famous scripting language used to create magic on the sites to make the site interactive for the user. It is used to enhancing the functionality of a website to running cool games and web-based software.

React.js : React is a declarative, efficient, and flexible JavaScript library for building user interfaces. ReactJS is an open-source, component-based front-end library responsible only for the view layer of the application. It is maintained by Facebook. Bootstrap: Bootstrap is a free and open-source tool collection for creating responsive websites and web applications. It is the most popular HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework for developing responsive, mobile-first websites.

Career

1. Great for beginners

2. Not a lot of experience required

3. Tons of job opportunity

Soft Skills

- Creativity

- Design

- Organization

The role of a frontend developer :

Everything a user sees, clicks, or uses to input or retrieve information on a website is the work of a front-end developer. Typically the roles of frontend developer are :

- Prioritizing user experience

- Bringing a concept to life with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

- Monitor app performance, watch for traffic drops related to site usability problems and rectify any issues

- Production and maintenance of websites and web application user interfaces

- Design new features, or maintain old features

- Collaborate with back-end developers and web designers to improve usability

BACK-END DEVELOPER

What is Backend ?

Backend is the server-side of the website. It stores and arranges data, and also makes sure everything on the client-side of the website works fine. It is the part of the website that you cannot see and interact with. It is the portion of software that does not come in direct contact with the users. The parts and characteristics developed by backend designers are indirectly accessed by users through a front-end application. Activities, like writing APIs, creating libraries, and working with system components without user interfaces or even systems of scientific programming, are also included in the backend.

Salary - $150,000

Languages :

Python
Node.js
PHP
C++
Java
JavaScript

Python :Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more efficiently.

Node.js :Node.js is an open-source and cross-platform runtime environment for executing JavaScript code outside a browser. You need to remember that NodeJS is not a framework, and it’s not a programming language. Most people are confused and understand it’s a framework or a programming language. We often use Node.js for building back-end services like APIs like Web App or Mobile App. It’s used in production by large companies such as Paypal, Uber, Netflix, Wallmart, and so on.

PHP :PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. Since PHP code executed on the server-side, so it is called a server-side scripting language.

C++ :It is a general-purpose programming language and widely used nowadays for competitive programming. It is also used as a backend language.

Java :Java is one of the most popular and widely used programming languages and platforms. It is highly scalable. Java components are easily available.

JavaScript :JavaScript can be used as both (front end and back end) programming languages.

Career

1. Great after learning Frontend

2. Requires a lot of experience

3. Barely any entry level of jobs

Soft Skills

- Logic

- Analytics

- Problem Solving

Back-end Developer Responsibilities :

- Compile and analyze data, processes, and codes to troubleshoot problems and identify areas for improvement.

- Collaborating with the front-end developers and other team members to establish objectives and design more functional, cohesive codes to enhance the user experience.

- Developing ideas for new programs, products, or features by monitoring industry developments and trends.

- Recording data and reporting it to proper parties, such as clients or leadership.

- Participating in continuing education and training to remain current on best practices, learn new programming languages, and better assist other team members.

- Taking lead on projects, as needed.

Difference between Frontend and Backend :

Frontend and backend development are quite different from each other, but still, they are two aspects of the same situation. The frontend is what users see and interact with and the backend is how everything works.

The frontend is the part of the website users can see and interact with such as the graphical user interface (GUI) and the command line including the design, navigating menus, texts, images, videos, etc. Backend, on the contrary, is the part of the website users cannot see and interact with.
The visual aspects of the website that can be seen and experienced by users are frontend. On the other hand, everything that happens in the background can be attributed to the backend.
Languages used for the front end are HTML, CSS, JavaScript while those used for the backend include Java, Ruby, Python, .Net .
Which one you will learn comment down👇

Thanks for reading this

You can contact via mail id "nandakouluruemail@gmail.com"

DEV Community: Kouluru Nanda Kishore Reddy

FIBRE CHANNEL PROTOCOL(FCP)

A brief introduction to Fibre Channel

FC topologies are

Characteristics include:

Direct Attached Storage / DAS

NAS (Network Attached Storage)

SAN (Storage Area Network)

How Can Beginners Start Their Open Source Journey

How does open source software work?

Is internet history the history of open source?

Are open source, free software, and closed source software the same?

Advantages of open source software

Less expensive hardware

High-quality software

Simple license management

Abundant support

Lower software costs

Are you interested in "HIGHER STUDIES IN ABROAD" for a masters degree (MS) ?? PART - 1

Why we need to get a Master's Degree

Top 5 destinations for studying in abroad

Basic Steps

MS in USA

Semesters :

Basic Steps

Required Documents

Eligibility

Required Exams

Types of visa

Apply for visa

Required documents for applying visa

Part time work

Top university in 2021

MS in Canada

Semesters :

Basic Steps

Required Documents

Eligibility

Required Exams

Student visa, Permit

Part-time

Some useful scholarships

Top Universities & Colleges in Canada

Top six dev tools to start with React

What is React?

What is JavaScript Library?

What Makes ReactJS a Go-To Tool for Web Developers?

6 Free Websites To Learn Web Development.

1. W3Schools

2. MDN Web Docs

3. FreeCodeCamp

4. HTML Dog

5. GeeksForGeeks

6. SoloLearn

Conclusion

The 6 Best Sites to Learn JavaScript for Free

1 . JavaScript Algorithms and Data Structures

2 . JavaScript Fundamentals

3 . The Modern JavaScript Tutorial

4 . Eloquent JavaScript

5 . A re-introduction to JavaScript

6 . Learn modern JavaScript

Top 7 Games To Learn Coding

1. CODE MONKEY

2. CODINGAME

3. FLEXBOX FROGGY

4. Robocode

5. Codecombat

6. Codewars

7. CheckiO

10 Intelligent Movies To Watch Before You Die

Let’s go to the list.

Best tech movies that every programmer must watch

Kali-Linux

What is Kali Linux?

A brief history of Kali Linux

Is Kali Linux illegal?

How to install Kali Linux?

System Requirements for Kali Linux- (How much RAM does Kali Linux need?)

Why do hackers use Kali Linux?