Create a new sudo user in ubuntu

Md. Morshadun Nur — Sun, 13 Jun 2021 07:19:21 +0000

What is 'sudo' ?

Actually 'sudo' command provides administrator privileges. When we create a new server it has a default 'root' user. So, here I'm going to create a new user with sudo access.

Step One

Open your terminal and write the following command

root@localhost:~$ adduser [username]

Step two

Set the password and confirm the password again.

Step three

Now you need to give 'sudo' permission to the newly created user. So, use the usermod command in the terminal. Command is given bellow -

root@localhost:~$ usermod -aG [username]

Now, the new user added to the sudo group. you can check by this command -

root@localhost:~$ su - [username]

And run any command with 'sudo' in the terminal -

 username@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get update

If you want to add sudo to the existing user then just follow the step three.

Thanks for reading <3

Create Laravel artisan commands and test database

Md. Morshadun Nur — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 08:47:17 +0000

I'm going to use Artisan command line interface to create custom command. For this you can can run

php artisan make:test CreateTestDatabase

Now, you go to this directory app/console/commands and open the CreateDatabase.php file.

Initialise the $fileSystem variable and define the command name.

protected $signature = 'testdb:create';

protected $description = 'Create test database sqlite';

private $fileSystem;

Set the Storage factory in constructor Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Factory

parent::__construct();
$this->fileSystem = $storage->disk('public');

Now create the database.sqlite file in the database directory and run the migration command.

public function handle()
    {
        if (!file_exists(base_path('database/database.sqlite'))){
            $handle = fopen(base_path('database/database.sqlite'), 'c');
            fclose($handle);
        }

        $this->fileSystem->put('database.sqlite', '');
        $this->call('migrate', [
            '--database' => 'sqlite'
        ]);
    }

So, now I can run the command php artisan testdb:create in the terminal and it will create the sqlite file and run the database migrations automatically.

Full code is given bellow -

<?php

namespace App\Console\Commands;

use Illuminate\Console\Command;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Factory;

class CreateTestDatabase extends Command
{
    /**
     * The name and signature of the console command.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $signature = 'testdb:create';

    /**
     * The console command description.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $description = 'Create test database sqlite';

    private $fileSystem;

    /**
     * Create a new command instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct(Factory $storage)
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->fileSystem = $storage->disk('public');
    }

    /**
     * Execute the console command.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        if (!file_exists(base_path('database/database.sqlite'))){
            $handle = fopen(base_path('database/database.sqlite'), 'c');
            fclose($handle);
        }

        $this->fileSystem->put('database.sqlite', '');
        $this->call('migrate', [
            '--database' => 'sqlite'
        ]);
    }
}

Thank you so much for the reading. <3