ROBOTICS

Phaneendra-Gullapalli — Mon, 25 Oct 2021 13:16:57 +0000

INTRODUCTION:
Robotics is a branch of engineering and science that includes electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and computer science and so on. This branch deals with the design, construction, use to control robots, sensory feedback and information processing.

WHAT IS ROBOTICS?
Robotics is the intersection of science, engineering and technology that produces machines, called robots, that substitute for (or replicate) human actions. Pop culture has always been fascinated with robots. R2-D2. Optimus Prime. WALL-E. These over-exaggerated, humanoid concepts of robots usually seem like a caricature of the real thing...or are they more forward thinking than we realize? Robots are gaining intellectual and mechanical capabilities that don’t put the possibility of a R2-D2-like machine out of reach in the future.

What is a Robot?
A robot is a type of automated machine that can execute specific tasks with little or no human intervention and with speed and precision. Robots were originally built to handle monotonous tasks (like building cars on an assembly line), but have since expanded to perform tasks like fighting fires, cleaning homes and assisting with incredibly intricate surgeries. Each robot has a differing level of autonomy, ranging from human-controlled bots that carry out tasks that a human has full control over to fully-autonomous bots that perform tasks without any external influences.

CHARACTERISTICS:

Appearance: Robots have a physical body. They are held by the structure of their body and are moved by their mechanical parts. Without appearance, robots will be just a software program.
Brain: Another name of brain in robots is On-board control unit. Using this robot receive information and sends commands as output. With this control unit robot knows what to do else it’ll be just a remote-controlled machine.
Sensors: The use of these sensors in robots is to gather info from the outside world and send it to Brain. Basically, these sensors have circuits in them that produces the voltage in them.
Actuators: The robots move and the parts with the help of these robots move is called Actuators. Some examples of actuators are motors, pumps, and compressor etc. The brain tells these actuators when and how to respond or move.
Program: Robots only works or responds to the instructions which are provided to them in the form of a program. These programs only tell the brain when to perform which operation like when to move, produce sounds etc. These programs only tell the robot how to use sensors data to make decisions.
Behavior: Robots behavior is decided by the program which has been built for it. Once the robot starts making the movement, one can easily tell which kind of program is being installed inside the robot.

ADVANTAGES:

They can get information that a human can’t get.
They can perform tasks without any mistakes and very efficiently and fast.
Maximum robots are automatic, so they can perform different tasks without needing human interaction.
Robots are used in different factories to produce items like plane, car parts etc.
They can be used for mining purposes and can be sent to earth’s nadris.

DISADVANTAGES:

They need the power supply to keep going. People working in factories may lose their jobs as robots can replace them.
They need high maintenance to keep them working all day long. And the cost of maintaining the robots can be expensive.
They can store huge amount of data but they are not as efficient as our human brains.
As we know that robots work on the program that has been installed in them. So other than the program installed, robots can’t do anything different.
The most important disadvantage is that if the program of robots comes in wrong hands they can cause the huge amount of destruction.

What Is an A.I

Phaneendra-Gullapalli — Sat, 08 May 2021 05:06:11 +0000

What is Artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence commonly referred to as "AI" is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in machine learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the tech industry.

Where did AI come from ?
Intelligent robots and artificial beings first appeared in the ancient Greek myths of Antiquity. Aristotle's development of the syllogism and its use of deductive reasoning was a key moment in mankind's quest to understand its own intelligence. While the roots are long and deep, the history of artificial intelligence as we think of it today spans less than a century. The following is a quick look at some of the most important events in AI.
In 1950 , Alan Turing also known as "The Father of Computer Science" published the book named "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", proposing what is now known as the Turing Test, a method for determining if a machine is intelligent.
In 1956, The phrase artificial intelligence was coined at the "Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence", which was led by John McCarthy who coined the term Artificial Intelligence, the conference, which defined the scope and goals of AI, is widely considered to be the birth of artificial intelligence as we know it today.
In 1997 , IBM's Deep Blue beats world chess champion Gary Kasparov.
In 2011 , IBM's Watson trounces the competition on Jeopardy!.

In 2014 , Google makes first self-driving car to pass a state driving test.

How is AI used ?

Artificial Intelligence usually falls into 2 main categories:

Narrow AI and
Artificial General Intelligence.
Narrow AI :
Narrow AI is all around us and is easily the most successful realization of artificial intelligence to date. With its focus on performing specific tasks, Narrow AI has experienced numerous breakthroughs in the last decade that have had "significant societal benefits and have contributed to the economic vitality of the nation," according to "Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence," a 2016 report released by the Obama Administration.
A few examples of Narrow AI include:
• Google search
• Image recognition software
• Siri, Alexa and other personal assistants
• Self-driving cars
• IBM's Watson
Artificial General Intelligence :
The creation of a machine with human-level intelligence that can be applied to any task is the Holy Grail for many AI researchers, but the quest for AGI has been fraught with difficulty.
The search for a "universal algorithm for learning and acting in any environment," (Russel and Norvig 27) isn't new, but time hasn't eased the difficulty of essentially creating a machine with a full set of cognitive abilities.
AGI has long been the muse of dystopian science fiction, in which super-intelligent robots overrun humanity, but experts agree it's not something we need to worry about anytime soon.

DEV Community: Phaneendra-Gullapalli

ROBOTICS

What Is an A.I