DEV Community: Robert

¿Cómo mintear NFTs en Solana?

Robert — Mon, 19 Sep 2022 13:59:05 +0000

En el siguiente post explicaré paso a paso a como "mintear" un NFT en Solana.

Para seguir este post no es necesario utilizar el CLI de Metaplex, en caso de contar con una alternativa, te agradeceria mucho que me la comentaras

Prerrequisitos

El equipo de Metaplex ha dejado de actualizar el CLI, pero sigue funcionando y no tendrás ningún problema para seguir este post. Planeo incluir otra opción si puedo encontrarla más adelante

Metaplex CLI

Para instalar Metaplex CLI debemos hacer lo siguiente:

Dirigirnos al siguiente link
Clonar el proyecto con $ git clone https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/deprecated-clis.git
Ubicarnos en la carpeta del proyecto e instalar las dependencias

Tabla de Contenido

Creación de cartera local
Agregar saldo a nuestra cartera
Subir la imagen que usaremos como NFT
Crear y Subir la metadata de nuestro NFT
Mintear el Token
Agregar nuestra cartera local a Phantom
Quemar NFTs en Phantom
Conclusion

1. Creación de cartera local

Asumiendo que ya instalaste Solana CLI, lo primero que debemos hacer es apuntar a la mainnet con el siguiente comando:

$ solana config set --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com

Obtendremos un mensaje similar al siguiente:

Config File: C:\Users\Rob\.config\solana\cli\config.yml
RPC URL: https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
WebSocket URL: wss://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com/ (computed)

Una vez hecho esto procederemos a crear la cartera local con el siguiente comando:

$ solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.solana/tu-cartera.json

A continuación nos pedirá que ingresemos una frase de acceso (passphrase) que usaremos para recuperar la cartera.

For added security, enter a BIP39 passphrase

NOTE! This passphrase improves security of the recovery seed phrase NOT the
keypair file itself, which is stored as insecure plain text

BIP39 Passphrase (empty for none):

Una vez ingresada obtendremos el siguiente mensaje:

Wrote new keypair to /Users/Rob/.config/solana/[wallet_name].json ==================================================================== pubkey: [wallet_pub_key] ==================================================================== Save this seed phrase and your BIP39 passphrase to recover your new keypair:
[REDACTED] ====================================================================

La pubkey sera nuestra wallet address

Ahora procederemos a asignarla como nuestra cartera predeterminada con el siguiente comando:

$ solana config set --keypair ~/.solana/tu-cartera.json

2. Agregar saldo a nuestra cartera

Para poder realizar todo el proceso necesitaremos menos de 2 USD en SOL

En caso de tener una cartera con SOL en Phantom podemos simplemente enviar SOL a la nueva cartera.

Caso contrario podemos adquirir SOL usando FTX siguiendo los siguientes pasos:

1. Crear una cuenta

2. Dirigirnos a la página de wallet

3. Depositar USD o EUR

En la página de Wallet nos ubicamos en la moneda (USD o EUR) que deseemos depositar y haremos click en DEPOSIT

Seguido de esto Seleccionaremos tarjeta de débito, seguiremos los pasos y confirmaremos el depósito

4. Convertir a SOL

Una vez realizado el paso anterior y que ya tengamos disponible el saldo en USD o EUR, podemos convertirlo a SOL haciendo click en CONVERT

Seguido de esto seleccionaremos la moneda a la que deseemos convertir, en este caso SOL

5. Pasaremos la cantidad que convertimos a SOL a nuestra cartera local

Ahora nos ubicamos en el icono de búsqueda y buscaremos SOL, y procederemos a hacer clic en retirar WITHDRAW, colocaremos el monto que deseemos retirar y la pubkey que es nuestra wallet address

Una vez hayamos pasado fondos a nuestra cartera local podemos chequearlos haciendo uso del siguiente comando:

$ solana balance pubkey

3. Subir la imagen que usaremos como NFT

Para este ejemplo usaremos el Logo de Code&Jobs, siéntete libre de usar o crear la imagen que desees

Subiremos la imagen haciendo uso de arloader CLI, pero en caso de que desees hacerlo manualmente puedes seguir las instrucciones en el siguiente post

Con el siguiente comando especificaremos la ruta de la imagen que vamos a subir, y que realizaremos el pago con nuestra cartera de Solana:

$ arloader upload <logo-de-codenjobs.png> --with-sol --sol-keypair-path ~/.config/solana/tu-cartera.json --ar-default-keypair --no-bundle

Vamos a obtener el siguiente mensaje por consola:

id:             [tx_id]
status:         Submitted
file_path:      [ruta/de/la/imagen.png]
created_at:     2022-08-21 15:43:13
last_modified:  2022-08-21 15:43:13
Uploaded 1 files. Run `arloader update-status  --file-paths ` to confirm transaction(s).

Asegurate de guardar el tx_id

Una vez hecho esto tendremos que esperar un poco para que el archivo esté disponible, podemos revisar el estado con el siguiente comando $ arloader get-status [tx_id] o con la siguiente URL https://arweave.net/tx_id (en caso de estar confirmada podremos obtener la imagen)

Mientras esperamos podemos avanzar con el siguiente paso

4. Crear y Subir la metadata de nuestro NFT

A continuación crearemos la metadata de nuestro NFT utilizando el estándar de METAPLEX. Para esto debemos abrir un editor de código y crear un archivo que llevará por nombre metadata.json, copiaremos lo siguiente dentro de ese archivo.

{
    "name": "NFT MINT TEST",
    "symbol": "ANYSYMBOL",
    "description": "TEST NFT",
    "seller_fee_basis_points": 1000,
    "image": "https://arweave.net/[tx_id]?ext=png",
    "external_url": "https://www.codenjobs.com/user/rtagliavia",
    "attributes":
    [
        {
            "trait_type": "Whatever Trait 1",
            "value": "Fire"
        },
        {
            "trait_type": "Whatever Trait 2",
            "value": "Sunglasses"
        }
    ],
    "properties":
    {
        "files":
        [
            {
                "uri": "https://arweave.net/[tx_id]?ext=png",
                "type": "image/png"
            }
        ],
        "category": "image",
        "creators":
        [
            {
                "address": "[pub_key]",
                "share": 100
            }
        ]
    }
}

En esta línea colocaremos el transaction ID que recibimos en el paso anterior, y la estension puede ser .jpg o .png

"image": "https://arweave.net/[tx_id]?ext=png",

Igualmente en la siguientes

"uri": "https://arweave.net/[arweave_img_tx_id]?ext=png",
"type": "image/png"

En esta línea debemos agregar el pubKey de nuestra cartera local

"address": "[pub_key]",

Una vez que se hayan llenado debidamente los campos y guardado nuestro archivo, procederemos a subirlo de la misma manera que subimos la imagen en el paso anterior.

$ arloader upload [ruta/de/la/metadata.json] --with-sol --sol-keypair-path ~/.config/solana/tu-cartera.json --ar-default-keypair --no-bundle

Obtendremos un mensaje similar a este:

id:             [tx_id]
status:         Submitted
file_path:      [ruta/de/la/metadata.json]
created_at:     2022-08-21 15:48:49
last_modified:  2022-08-21 15:48:49
Uploaded 1 files. Run `arloader update-status  --file-paths ` to confirm transaction(s).

Nuevamente debemos esperar por las confirmaciones, podremos chequear el avance con el siguiente comando $ arloader get-status [tx_id] o con la siguiente URL https://arweave.net/tx_id (si se muestra la metadata quiere decir que ya esta listo)

5. Mintear el Token

Finalmente para mintear nuestro token vamos a usar MetaPlex CLI (como mencione anteriormente esta obsoleto pero funciona perfectamente) una vez instalado nos ubicamos en la carpeta del proyecto

C:\Users\User\deprecated-clis

Una vez en el proyecto debemos ir a la carpeta src y ejecutar los siguiente comandos

$ cd src
$ ts-node cli-nft.ts mint --env mainnet-beta --keypair ~/.config/solana/tu-cartera.json --url https://arweave.net/[tx_id] --max-supply 1

En esta linea debemos agregar el tx-id que obtuvimos al subir la metadata

https://arweave.net/[tx_id]

Obtendremos dos URL una nos mostrará los detalles de la transacción y la otra el Token que acabamos de mintear:

6. Agregar nuestra cartera local a Phantom

En caso de que deseemos añadir nuestra cartera local a Phantom, el proceso es muy sencillo, basta con seguir estos sencillos pasos:

Abrir la extensión de Phantom en nuestro navegador
Hacer clic en el botón de la esquina superior izquierda

Hacer clic en "Add / Connect Wallet"

Ahora haremos clic en import private key

Por último abriremos nuestra cartera local dirigiéndonos a la carpeta donde esta ubicada y abriendo el archivo .json con un editor de código, copiaremos todo el contenido y lo pegaremos en el campo private key

Con esto podremos visualizar nuestros NFT desde la extensión de wallet, así como poder incluirlos en la sección de crypto de Code&Jobs y escoger uno para mostrarlo en nuestro perfil de usuario.

Te dejo información mas detallada de como realizar esto en la documentacion oficial

7. Quemar NFTs en Phantom

Phantom cuenta con la opción de poder quemar nuestros NFTs, con esto eliminaremos el nft y obtendremos el reembolso del dinero al momento de mintear el Token, para esto debemos seguir los siguientes pasos

Abrir la extensión de Phantom Wallet.
Hacer click en el botón de Your Collectibles en la barra inferior.

Seguido de esto seleccionaremos el NFT que queramos quemar.

Haremos clic en el botón con los tres puntos ....

Ahora clic en burn all tokens tokens.

Aparecerá una ventana de confirmación, tendremos que tildar la casilla seguido de hacer clic en Burn.

Veremos un mensaje diciendo que el token fue quemado y el importe en SOL que fue depositado en la cartera.

8. Conclusión

Aprendimos a mintear un NFT en la red SOLANA manualmente con ayuda de varias herramientas.

Realmente espero que hayas podido llegar hasta aquí sin ningún problema, en caso de que hayas encontrado algún obstáculo por favor házmelo saber con un comentario o sientete libre de contactarme por telegram o agregandome a Discord como Appu#9136

Muchas gracias por tu tiempo

How to mint a NFT on Solana?

Robert — Mon, 19 Sep 2022 13:56:59 +0000

We will learn how to mint a NFT manually on Solana.

To follow this post it is not necessary to use the Metaplex CLI, if you have an alternative, I would be very grateful if you could tell me about it.

Prerrequisites

Metaplex CLI was deprecated by Metaplex team but still works and you will have no issue following this post. I plan to include another option if I can find it later

Metaplex CLI

In order to install Metaplex CLI we need to do the following:

Open this link
Clone the project with $ git clone https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/deprecated-clis.git
Locate the project folder and install the dependencies with $ yarn install or $ npm i

Creation of the local wallet
Buy Solana for our wallet
Upload the image we will use as NFT
Create and Upload the metadata of our NFT
Minting the Token
Add our local wallet to Phantom
Burn NFTs in Phantom
Conclusion

1. Creation of the local wallet

Assuming you have already installed Solana CLI), the first thing to do is to point to the mainnet with the following command:

$ solana config set --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com

We will get a message similar to the following:

Config File: C:\Users\Rob\.config\solana\cli\config.yml
RPC URL: https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
WebSocket URL: wss://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com/ (computed)

Once this is done we will proceed to create the local wallet with the following command:

$ solana-keygen new --outfile ~/.solana/your-wallet.json

We will then be asked to enter a passphrase that we will use to retrieve the wallet.

For added security, enter a BIP39 passphrase

NOTE! This passphrase improves security of the recovery seed phrase NOT the
keypair file itself, which is stored as insecure plain text

BIP39 Passphrase (empty for none):

Once entered we will get the following message:

Wrote new keypair to /Users/Rob/.config/solana/your-wallet.json ==================================================================== pubkey: [wallet_pub_key] ==================================================================== Save this seed phrase and your BIP39 passphrase to recover your new keypair:
[REDACTED] ====================================================================

The pubkey will be our wallet address.

Now we will proceed to assign it as our default wallet with the following command:

$ solana config set --keypair ~/.solana/your-wallet.json

2. Buy Solana for our wallet

To be able to perform the whole process we will need less than 2 USD in SOL.

In case we have a Phantom Wallet with SOL in it we can just send SOL to the new wallet.

Otherwise we can acquire SOL using FTX by following the steps below:

1. Create an account

2. Go to wallet page

3. Deposit USD or EUR

In the Wallet page we go to the currency (USD or EUR) we want to deposit and click on DEPOSIT.

After that we will select debit card, follow the steps and confirm the deposit.

4. Convert to SOL

Once we have done the previous step and we have the balance available in USD or EUR, we can convert it to SOL by clicking on CONVERT.

After this we will select the currency to which we want to convert, in this case SOL.

5. We will pass the amount we converted to SOL to our local wallet.

Now we go to the search icon and search for SOL, and proceed to click on withdraw WITHDRAW, enter the amount we want to withdraw and the pubkey which is our wallet address

Once we have transferred funds to our local wallet we can check them using the following command:

$ solana balance pubkey

3. Upload the image we will use as NFT

For this example we will use the Code&Jobs Logo, feel free to use or create the image of your choice.

We will upload the image using arloader CLI, but in case you want to do it manually you can follow the instructions in the following post

With the following command we will specify the path of the image that we are going to upload, and that we will make the payment with our Solana wallet:

$ arloader upload <code&jobs_logo.png> --with-sol --sol-keypair-path ~/.config/solana/your-wallet.json --ar-default-keypair --no-bundle

We are going to get the following message by console:

id:             <tx_id>
status:         Submitted
file_path:      <code&jobs_logo.png>
created_at:     2022-08-21 15:43:13
last_modified:  2022-08-21 15:43:13
Uploaded 1 files. Run `arloader update-status  --file-paths ` to confirm transaction(s).

Be sure to save the tx_id.

Once this is done we will have to wait a bit for the file to be available, we can check the status with the following command $ arloader get-status [tx_id] or with the following URL https://arweave.net/tx_id (in case it is confirmed we will be able to get the image)

While we wait we can move on to the next step.

4. Create and Upload the metadata of our NFT .

Next we will create the metadata of our NFT using the metaplex standard. For this we must open a code editor and create a file named metadata.json, we will copy the following inside that file.

{
    "name": "Your Solana NFT",
    "symbol": "ANYSYMBOL",
    "description": "Your first Solana NFT",
    "seller_fee_basis_points": 1000,
    "image": "https://arweave.net/<tx_id>?ext=png",
    "external_url": "https://www.codenjobs.com/user/rtagliavia",
    "attributes":
    [
        {
            "trait_type": "Whatever Trait 1",
            "value": "Fire"
        },
        {
            "trait_type": "Whatever Trait 2",
            "value": "Sunglasses"
        }
    ],
    "properties":
    {
        "files":
        [
            {
                "uri": "https://arweave.net/<tx_id>?ext=png",
                "type": "image/png"
            }
        ],
        "category": "image",
        "creators":
        [
            {
                "address": "[pub_key]",
                "share": 100
            }
        ]
    }
}

In this line we will place the transaction ID we received in the previous step, and the extension can be .jpg or .png.

"image": "https://arweave.net/[tx_id]?ext=png",

Also in the following

"uri": "https://arweave.net/[arweave_img_tx_id]?ext=png",
"type": "image/png"

In this line we must add the pubKey of our local wallet

"address": "[pub_key]",

Once the fields have been filled and our file has been saved, we will proceed to upload it in the same way as we uploaded the image in the previous step.

$ arloader upload [ruta/de/la/metadata.json] --with-sol --sol-keypair-path ~/.config/solana/[nombre-de-la-cartera].json --ar-default-keypair --no-bundle

We will get a message similar to this one:

id:             [tx_id]
status:         Submitted
file_path:      [ruta/de/la/metadata.json]
created_at:     2022-08-21 15:48:49
last_modified:  2022-08-21 15:48:49
Uploaded 1 files. Run `arloader update-status  --file-paths ` to confirm transaction(s).

Again we must wait for the confirmations, we can check the progress with the following command $ arloader get-status [tx_id] or with the following URL https://arweave.net/tx_id (if the metadata is shown it means it is ready)

5. Minting the Token

Finally we will mint our token we are going to use MetaPlex CLI as I mentioned before it is obsolete but works perfectly fine, once installed we go to the project folder

C:\Users\User\deprecated-clis

Once in the project we must go to the src folder and execute the following commands

$ cd src
$ ts-node cli-nft.ts mint --env mainnet-beta --keypair ~/.config/solana/[nombre-de-la-cartera].json --url https://arweave.net/[tx_id] --max-supply 1

In this line we must add the tx-id we obtained when uploading the metadata.

https://arweave.net/[tx_id]

We will get two URLs, one will show us the details of the transaction and the other the token we just minted:

6. Add our local wallet to Phantom

In case we want to add our local wallet to Phantom, the process is very simple, just follow these steps:

Open the Phantom extension in our browser.
Click on the button in the upper left corner.

Click on "Add / Connect Portfolio"

Now click on import private key

Finally we will open our local wallet by going to the folder where it is located and opening the .json file with a code editor, copy all the content and paste it in the private key field.

With this we will be able to visualize our NFTs from the wallet extension, as well as being able to include them in the crypto section of Code&Jobs and choose one to show it in our user profile.

7. Burn NFTs in Phantom

Phantom has the option of being able to burn our NFTs, with this we will eliminate the NFT and we will obtain the refund of the money at the moment of mining the Token, for this we must follow the following steps.

Open the Phantom Wallet extension.
Click on the Your Collectibles button in the bottom bar.

Next select the NFT you want to burn.

Click on the button with the three dots ....

Now click on burn all tokens tokens.

A confirmation window will appear, we will have to check the box followed by clicking Burn.

We will see a message saying that the token was burned and the amount in SOL that was deposited in the wallet.

8. Conclusion

We learned how to mint an NFT on the Solana network manually with the help of various tools.

I really hope you were able to get this far without any problems, in case you encountered any issues please let me know with a comment or feel free to contact me by telegram or by adding me on Discord as Appu#9136.

Thank you very much for your time.

Bot de criptomonedas de discord con discord.js y node.js

Robert — Thu, 15 Sep 2022 15:47:51 +0000

En este post aprenderemos a crear un bot de discord para obtener el valor de criptomonedas en moneda local, para eso estaremos usando la API de Coingecko.

En caso de que te interese aprender a realizar el mismo bot para Telegram has clic aqui.

Me puedes contactar por telegram en caso de que necesites un Full Stack developer o si necesitas un bot de discord para tu servidor.

También puedes agregarme a discord como Appu#9136.

Te dejo el repo del proyecto en caso de que quieras clonarlo.

Prerrequisitos

Node.js instalado
Una cuenta de Discord

Creación del proyecto

Abre la consola y escribe los siguientes comandos.

$ mkdir node-telegram-tut
$ cd node-telegram-tut
$ npm init --y

Abre el proyecto con tu editor de código de preferencia.

Dependencias

axios
dotenv
discord.js

Para instalar las dependencias abriremos la consola y nos ubicamos en la carpeta del proyecto, y luego escribiremos los siguientes comandos.

$ npm i axios dotenv discord.js

Abriremos el archivo package.json y agregaremos esto.

  "scripts": {
    "start": "node ./src index.js"
  },

Estrucutra del proyecto

cryptocurrency-discord-bot/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Tabla de Contenido

Creación de nuestro servidor de Discord
Creación del bot y añadirlo a nuestro servidor
Programando nuestro bot
Comandos del bot
Conclusión

1. Creación de nuestro servidor de Discord

Para poder probar nuestro bot, primero debemos crear un servidor de discord, para eso debemos seguir los siguientes pasos.

Abriremos Discord.
Haremos clic en el botón de + en la parte inferior izquierda.
Seleccionaremos Crear un servidor y seleccionaremos la opción para mi y mis amigos.

Después de crear el servidor, haremos clic en el icono de engranaje para abrir los ajustes de usuario, luego haremos clic en la opción Avanzado, y activamos el modo desarrollador.

2. Creacion del bot y añadirlo a nuestro servidor

Abriremos nuestro explorador y nos dirigiremos a Discord Developer Portal, y haremos clic donde dice Applications, luego haremos clic en New Application, nos mostrara un modal donde podremos elegir el nombre de nuestra nueva aplicación.

Ahora en el panel izquierdo hacemos clic en Bot y luego en Add Bot. En esta parte podremos elegir el nombre y el icono que tendrá nuestro bot, abajo veremos el token, lo vamos a copiar y guardar en un archivo de texto, ya que lo necesitaremos más adelante.

Deslizamos hacia abajo y haremos clic en Privileged Gateway Intents, aquí tildamos algunos intents para que se nos haga posible interactuar con nuestro bot.

Ahora iremos a OAuth2 -> URL Generator, encontraremos un panel con la etiqueta SCOPES, tildamos donde dice bot y se generará una URL, la copiaremos y la pegaremos en una nueva pestaña de nuestro explorador.

Podremos observar algo similar a la imagen de abajo, ahora seleccionaremos nuestro servidor y haremos clic en el boton Authorize.

Finalmente podremos ver que el bot esta en nuestro servidor, ahora podemos emepzar a programarlo.

3. Programando nuestro Bot

Empezaremos a programar nuestro bot, primero crearemos un archivo .env en la raíz de nuestro proyecto, agregaremos una variable de entorno llamada BOT_TOKEN y le asignaremos el token que guardamos en la sección anterior.

BOT_TOKEN = colocar-el-token-aqui

Ahora iremos a index.js, y vamos a importar los discord.js, axios y dotenv.

const axios = require("axios");
const Discord = require("discord.js");
require("dotenv").config();

Luego crearemos un objeto client desde la clase Discord utilizando el constructor Client, y pasaremos los intents de la siguiente manera.

const client = new Discord.Client({
  intents: [
    "GUILDS",
    "GUILD_MEMBERS",
    "GUILD_MESSAGES",
    "GUILD_MESSAGE_REACTIONS",
  ],
});

Ahora haremos que nuestro bot aparezca online usando el método login y agregaremos un event listener para que nos muestre un mensaje en la consola cuando el bot esté listo.

client.on("ready", () => {
  console.log(`Hello my name is ${client.user.tag}!`);
});

client.login(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);

Deberíamos obtener un mensaje como este.

Hello my name is cryptocurrency-bot#0235!

4. Creando los comandos de nuestro bot

Para este ejemplo solo creare tres comandos.

!help para obtener un listado de todos los comandos asi como una descripción.
!currencies para obtener todas las monedas disponibles.
!crypto_price para obtener el precio de la criptomoneda en la moneda deseada.

1. Empecemos creando nuestro comando !help.

Usaremos el objeto cliente con el escuchador de eventos, estaremos escuchando el evento messageCreate que se emitirá cada vez que un mensaje sea creado, y usaremos async/await porque estaremos haciendo peticiones HTTP a la API de Coingecko.

Por favor asegurate de leer la documentación de discord.js y discord

Con msg.content podremos obtener el texto que envió el usuario, si el mensaje es igual a !help entonces responderemos al usuario con los comandos y la descripción de cada uno.

Los Embeds son una manera de darle formato y estilos a nuestro a mensajes, puedes encontrar mas informacion en la documentación

client.on("messageCreate",  async (msg) => {
  if(msg.content === '!help'){
    const embed1 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Command list")
      .setDescription(
        '**!help** - shows the command list \n\n' +
        '**!currencies** to get all the suppported currencies. \n\n' +
        '**!crypto_price** *<currencies>* *<cryptocurrencies>* to get the value of the cryptocurrency in another currency, to use it first type the **currency** and then the **cryptocurrency** e.g. (**!crypto_price usd bitcoin**), can also add more currencies and cryptos separating them with commas but without spaces e.g. (**!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum**) \n\n'
      );

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed1] });
  }
});

Ahora si probamos nuestro comando !help obtendremos algo similar a esto.

2. Sigamos con nuestro comando !currencies.

Volvamos a nuestro codigo, y en lugar de un bloque if, usaremos un bloque switch con msg.content de esta manera, y de momento solo enviamos un mensaje que diga !currencies command cuando el usuario escriba !currencies.

client.on("messageCreate",  async (msg) => {

  switch (msg.content) {
    case "!help" || "!commands":
      const embed1 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Command list")
      .setDescription(
        '**!help** or **!commands** - shows the command list \n\n' +
        '**!currencies** to get all the suppported currencies. \n\n' +
        '**!crypto_price** *<currencies>* *<cryptocurrencies>* to get the value of the cryptocurrency in another currency, to use it first type the **currency** and then the **cryptocurrency** e.g. (**!crypto_price usd bitcoin**), can also add more currencies and cryptos separating them with commas but without spaces e.g. (**!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum**) \n\n'
      );

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed1] });
      break;
    case "!currencies":
      msg.channel.send('!currencies command')
      break;
  }
});

Ahora borraremos esta linea msg.channel.send('!currencies command'), y haremos una petición GET a la API de Coingecko y obtendremos todas las monedas disponibles.

Utilice el método map para obtener cada moneda en cursiva y luego asignarla a una constante llamada currencies, luego cree un nuevo embed.

  const res = await axios.get("https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/supported_vs_currencies");

  const currencies = res.data.map((currency) => `*${currency}*`)

  const embed2 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
    .setTitle("Supported Currencies")
    .setDescription(currencies.join(", "))
    .setColor("#0099ff")
    .setFooter("Powered by CoinGecko");

  msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed2] });

Ahora si probamos el comando !currencies obtendremos esto.

3. Por último el comando !crypto_price.

Para este comando el usuario enviará un mensaje como este !crypto_price usd,eur bitcoin, por lo que debemos separar el string por espacios con .split(' '). Esto va a separar el string en tres partes.

La primera parte será !crypto_price.
La segunda parte será usd,eur.
La tercera parte será bitcoin.

Crearemos dos variables, una llamada curencies y otra llamada *cryptoCurrencies y asignaremos a cada una los valores correspondientes.

Para obtener las palabras después de !crypto_proce debemos hacer uso de msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price") de otra manera el comando no funcionará.

Antes del bloque switch usaremos un bloque if, si el mensaje empieza con !crypto_price entonces ejecutaremos nuestro comando:

client.on("messageCreate",  (msg) => {
  if (msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price")) {

  } else {
    switch (msg.content) {
     .
     .
     .
    }
  }
});

Ahora asignamos los valores respectivos de currencies y cryptoCurrenciesseparando el string.

Necesitamos crear una condicional en caso de que el usuario coloque los datos de forma incorrecta, o en caso de que el usuario no coloque ningún dato en el comando. Si este es el caso necesitamos enviar un mensaje al usuario, en este caso enviaremos un mensaje al usuario para que recuerde cómo hacer uso del comando.

Ahora haremos una petición GET a la API, además debemos chequear si el objeto que recibimos de la respuesta no este vacío, en caso de estarlo es por algun dato fue escrito de forma incorrecta, en este caso enviaremos nuevamente el mismo mensaje al usuario para que haga uso adecuado del comando.

Obtendremos los datos de la siguiente manera.

data: {
    bitcoin: { usd: 21816, eur: 20872 },
    ethereum: { usd: 1177.46, eur: 1126.54 }
  }

usaremos un for loop dentro de otro for loop para manipular los datos, luego usaremos un embed para darle formato al texto.

if (msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price")) {
  const currencies = msg.content.split(" ")[1];
  const cryptoCurrencies = msg.content.split(" ")[2];

  if (cryptoCurrencies === undefined || currencies === undefined) {
    const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Error")
      .setDescription("Please provide a currency and a cryptocurrency, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (!crypto_price usd,eur bitcoin,ethereum)")
      .setColor("#ff0000");

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
    return
  }

  axios.get( `https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=${cryptoCurrencies}&vs_currencies=${currencies}`)
  .then((res) => {
    if (res) {

      //if res is empty
      if(Object.keys(res.data).length === 0) {
        const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
        .setTitle("Error")
        .setDescription("Please enter the **currency** and the **cryptocurrency** you want to convert to, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (*!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum*).")
        .setColor("#ff0000");

        msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
      }

      const response = res.data;

      for (let cryptoCurrency in response) {
        for (let currency in response[cryptoCurrency]) {
          const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
          .setDescription(`**${cryptoCurrency}** price in **${currency.toUpperCase()}** ➡️ ${response[cryptoCurrency][currency]}`)

          msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
        }
      }
    }
  })
}

Si intentamos usar !crypto_price obtendremos algo similar a esto.

5. Conclusión

En este post aprendimos a crear un bot de criptomonedas para discord, utilizando discord.js y node.js.

Realmente espero que hayas podido llegar hasta aquí, en caso de que hayas tenido algún problema por favor no dudes en ponerte en contacto o dejar un comentario.

Puedes contactarme a traves de Telegram o puedes encontrarme en Discord como Appu#9136.

Gracias por tu tiempo.

How to get started with cryptocurrencies?

Robert — Fri, 02 Sep 2022 21:34:04 +0000

How to get started with cryptocurrencies?

The following post is made in order to understand in a simple way what cryptocurrencies are, how to buy/sell them, what benefits are obtained from them, and what can be done with them.

I have written this post with the intention of helping users to start with cryptocurrencies, and also to those who want to learn how to use them, because nowadays there are many jobs or sources of income that make payments only through cryptocurrencies (in case you are interested in Code&Jobs you can find jobs that pay with cryptocurrencies) and perhaps due to lack of knowledge users prefer to discard these offers.

What are cryptocurrencies?

To explain it briefly we could say that cryptocurrencies are digital currencies that are characterized by being decentralized, that is to say they are not regulated by any organization, they do not need to go through an intermediary to be transferred (banks).

What are stable cryptocurrencies?

They are a solution to try to reduce the volatility of cryptocurrencies.

Imagine living in a country where the currency is constantly devaluating and you cannot save money, and in addition to this it is difficult to buy foreign currency or open a bank account to save it.

A simple solution would be to buy stable cryptocurrencies, such as (USDT, USDC) are cryptocurrencies whose value is backed by the dollar or euro, i.e. 1 dollar would be 1 USDT or USDC for example.

Where to buy cryptocurrencies?

Today there are several ways to get cryptocurrencies, among the most popular are Binance and FTX.

I will explain how to use Binance as it is the option I personally use the most and the most popular at present.

How to buy cryptocurrencies on Binance?

Below I will explain step by step how to buy your first cryptocurrencies in Binance in a very simple way.

1. Account creation

The first thing we will do is to create our account in Binance.

2. Identification

Once registered we will go to the identification section, where we must follow a series of steps, this will be necessary to start buying and selling cryptocurrencies.

3. Buy cryptocurrencies

Once the previous step has been completed and verified we will go to the Trade the clic on P2P. Perhaps the interface may look a bit overwhelming but it is very simple to use.

Steps to follow.

We are going to find a Buy/Sell switch button, as we are going to buy we will leave it on Buy.
Next we will see eight cryptocurrencies with which we can trade, we will leave it in USDT or BUSD which are stable cryptocurrencies (its value is backed by to the value of the dollar, ie 1 USDT = $1).

Optionally select the amount of FIAT or local currency we are going to use to buy the cryptocurrencies, this will help us to better filter the search.
We will select the FIAT which will be the currency we are going to use to buy the cryptocurrencies, by clicking you can find Euro, US Dollar, Mexican Peso, Argentine Peso, Bolivar, etc.
We can also filter by payment method, by clicking we will be able to see a list of banks, as well as other payment methods such as in Venezuela Pago Móvil, or in Argentina MercadoPago, etc.

After this we will see a list of advertisers, where we can see information such as number of transactions made, and percentage of transaction completion use this as a guide before making any transaction, if a person has low percentage I recommend jumping to another advertiser with higher percentage to avoid being scammed.

The price at which the advertiser sells the cryptocurrency, in the example of the image we can see that the advertiser sells each unit of USDT at 1.003 EUR.
The limit and availability, in the first line we can see how much USDT he has, and in the next one the minimum and maximum we can buy.
The type of payment we will use in this transaction.
After agreeing with the price, limit, and being sure we want to buy from the advertiser we will proceed to click Buy USDT.
When clicking on Buy USDT a page with two sections will be displayed, on the left we will be able to see the data we saw before, followed by the advertiser's Terms and Conditions, and on the right two fields, the first of how much we are going to pay, and the second will automatically show us when we are going to receive according to what we have paid. It remains to click again on Buy USDT and complete the transaction.

Once the previous operation is successfully completed, we will be able to see our USDT in the following link, or by clicking on Wallet and then on Funding.

4. Selling cryptocurrencies

The process to sell cryptocurrencies is similar to buying them, here are a series of steps.

Assign a payment method

The first thing we must do is to assign a payment method that we will use to get the money from the sale.

We must go to our User Panel and once there look in the left panel for the Payment option.

In the Payment page we will be able to observe a button Add a payment method in which we must click.

A window will open where we will be able to choose between multiple methods, we can search by Letter or use the search engine to make a more exact search.

After choosing, it will take us to a form that we must fill with the required data. Once filled we will click on confirm, and we will have our payment method added.

Steps to follow to sell.

Now click on Trade followed by P2P.

We will click on the switch button and leave it on Sell.

We will select among the options of cryptocurrencies to sell.
We will be able to indicate the Amount, the FIAT or the currency that we are going to receive, and the method of payment that we will use to receive the money of our sale.

Next we will see a list of advertised number of orders placed and the completion rate of the transactions, followed by the price, the availability and limit, and the method of payment.

Once we are sure of which advertiser to make the transaction with, we will click on sell.
A window divided in two panels will be shown, where on the left it will show us the information we read previously, and on the right two fields, in the first one the amount of cryptocurrency we will sell, and in the second one the amount we will receive will be shown. Once this is confirmed we will click again on Sell.

Once the advertiser has confirmed that the payment has been made, we must check that the funds are available in our bank account and we will proceed to release the cryptocurrencies.

5. Convert cryptocurrencies

When buying cryptocurrencies we can only choose between 8 options in the P2P section, so in case we need another cryptocurrency we can take advantage of this functionality.

We will click on convert or we will go to the following link where we can see a window with two fields, in the first one we can select which cryptocurrency we want to convert, in this case the USDT we bought in the previous step, and we will place the amount, and in the second field we can select to which cryptocurrency we want to convert, Finally we click on convert.

6. How to receive cryptocurrencies?

It may be the case that we have found a job that pays in cryptocurrencies, like many of those we can find in Code&Jobs or that we simply want someone to pay us in cryptocurrencies. In order to receive, we simply need to search in the Wallet for the cryptocurrency we want to receive and click on Deposit.

For example, if we want to receive Solana we look for SOL or solana, and click on Deposit, once here we will see a window with two fields, the first one corresponds to the cryptocurrency, and the second one to the network from where the cryptocurrencies will be sent to us, once we select the network we will obtain the address of our wallet which we will copy and send to the person who is going to send us the cryptocurrencies.

Coingecko

Coingecko is a website, which provides information about the performance of a large number of available cryptocurrencies. It uses real time data, shows price fluctuation in various time periods.

In short for those who need to check the price of a cryptocurrency can use this web application.

PancakeSwap

PancakeSwap is a decentralized exchange platform DEX for tokens within the Binance Smart Chain or also known as BSC.

PancakeSwap cuts out the intermediaries on centralized exchanges, letting other users take those commissions instead. If you're willing to lock up your tokens for a while, the rewards can be very plentiful, especially with some of the liquidity pools and betting options.

PancakeSwap may be a bit of a challenge for those new to cryptocurrencies, but it may be worth checking out.

Sites that accept payments in cryptocurrency

Coinsbee in this site you can find a variety of gift cards (Amazon, Google Play, Steam, Netflix, etc).

Bitrefill is a site similar to Coinsbee, with sales of gift cards.

Newegg Here you can buy PC components, laptops, monitors, game consoles, gadgets, etc.

Terms

Bitcoin

When we talk about Bitcoin, we talk about the first platform based on blockchain that sought from its beginnings to be a secure, fast and decentralized payment method. And the cryptocurrency also known as BTC, whose current value you can check here

Blockchain

Blockchain is a chain of blocks, which contain encrypted information of a transaction that was made on the network. And being in chain allows data to be transferred securely thanks to cryptographic encryption.

Exchange

They are sites where we can buy and sell cryptocurrencies. Currently there are many, some with more catalog than others, as well as higher commissions on some than others. Some examples of these sites are Binance, FTX, LocalBitcoins, etc.

Fiat

Fiat is a government approved currency that is backed by physical commodities, e.g. USD, EUR, your country's local currency, etc.

P2P

Its acronym stands for "Peer to Peer", and in the context of Blockchain it refers to a network of computers that are connected to each other without the need for a server or centralized entity. In other words, it is a direct connection between two computers or users.

Transaction

Any action that is performed within a blockchain. Example: receive or send cryptocurrencies to another person.
another person.

Wallet

We can think of a wallet as an account or address to receive cryptocurrencies. They can be online, physical or a local application.

Wallets

Wallets are instruments to receive and send cryptocurrencies. They exist online, physical or local applications.

Among the most popular ones we can find the following.

Metamask

It is a browser extension that also works as a wallet serves to receive and send cryptocurrencies. as well as to be able to interact with web applications that are based on the Ethereum blockchain as PancakeSwap for example.

Phantom

As well as Metamask, Phantom is a browser extension that works as a wallet serves to receive and send cryptocurrencies in Solana.

It is required to interact with web applications that use the Solana blockchain, such as Code&Jobs.

This wallet has a special functionality that consists of Burn NFTs this is a process in which the NFT is removed and the wallet owner is refunded the amount that was used at the time of Burning the NFT.

If you are interested in learning more about it you can go to the following post

Conclusion

In this post we learned a little about cryptocurrencies, what we can do with them, how to acquire them, sell them and even learned about some stores where we can use them directly.

If you have any questions or suggestions feel free to leave a comment on this post, I will answer as soon as possible.

Feel free to contact me by telegram or adding me to Discord as Appu#9136.

Thank you very much for your time.

¿Cómo iniciar con las criptomonedas?

Robert — Fri, 02 Sep 2022 21:33:03 +0000

¿Cómo iniciar con las criptomonedas?

El siguiente post está hecho con el fin de entender de una forma sencilla qué son las criptomonedas, como comprarlas/venderlas, qué beneficios se obtienen de las mismas, y que es lo que se puede hacer con ellas.

Este post lo he escrito con la intención de ayudar a los usuarios a iniciar con las criptomonedas, y también a los que quieren aprender a usarlas, ya que en la actualidad hay muchos empleos o fuentes de ingresos que realizan pagos únicamente mediante criptomonedas (en caso de que te interese en Code&Jobs puedes encontrar empleos que paguen con criptomonedas) y quizás por falta de conocimiento los usuarios prefieren descartar estas ofertas.

¿Qué son las criptomonedas?

Para explicarlo de forma breve se podría decir que las criptomonedas son monedas digitales que se caracterizan por ser descentralizadas es decir no están reguladas por ninguna organización, no necesitan pasar por un intermediario para ser transferidas (bancos).

¿Qué son las criptomonedas estables?

Son una solución para tratar de reducir la volatilidad de las criptomonedas.

Imaginemos estar en la situación de vivir en un país donde la moneda se devalúa constantemente y no puedas ahorrar dinero, y sumado a esto se dificulte comprar divisas o aperturar una cuenta bancaria para el ahorro de estas.

Una solución sencilla sería comprar criptomonedas estables, como por ejemplo (USDT, USDC) son criptomonedas cuyo valor está respaldado por el dólar o euro, es decir 1 dólar sería igual a 1 USDT o USDC por ejemplo.

¿Dónde comprar criptomonedas?

A día de hoy existen varias formas de conseguir criptomonedas, entre las más populares estan Binance y FTX.

Explicaré como usar Binance ya que personalmente es la opción que más uso y la más popular en la actualidad.

¿Cómo comprar criptomonedas en Binance?

Creación de cuenta
Identificación
Comprar criptomonedas
Vender criptomonedas
Convertir criptomonedas
Recibir criptomonedas

A continuación te explicaré paso a paso cómo comprar tus primeras criptomonedas en Binance de forma muy sencilla.

1. Creación de cuenta

Lo primero que haremos será crear nuestra cuenta en Binance.

2. Identificación

Una vez registrados nos dirigiremos a la sección de identificación, donde debemos seguir una serie de pasos, esto será necesario para empezar a comprar y vender criptomonedas.

3. Comprar criptomonedas

Una vez se haya completado y verificado el paso anterior nos vamos a dirigir a la sección de Trade y cuenta P2P. Quizás la interfaz pueda lucir un poco abrumadora pero es muy sencilla de usar.

Pasos a seguir.

Vamos a encontrarnos un botón switch de Buy/Sell, como vamos a comprar lo dejaremos en Buy.
Seguido veremos ocho criptomonedas con las que podremos tradear, no es necesario que te hagas mucha cabezas con esto, vamos a dejarlo en USDT o BUSD que son criptomonedas estables (su valor está anclado al valor del dólar, es decir 1 USDT = $1).

Una vez seleccionemos opcionalmente la cantidad de FIAT o moneda local que vamos a utilizar para comprar las criptomonedas, esto nos ayudará a filtrar mejor la búsqueda.
Seleccionaremos el FIAT que será la moneda que vamos a utilizar para comprar las criptomonedas, al hacer clic podras encontrar Euro, Dolar americano, Peso Mexicano, Peso Argentino, Bolívares, etc.
También podemos filtrar por medio de pago, al hacer clic podremos ver un listado de bancos, así como otros medio de pago como por ejemplo en Venezuela Pago Móvil, o en Argentina MercadoPago, etc.

Después de esto veremos una lista de anunciantes, donde podremos ver información como cantidad de transacciones realizadas, y porcentaje de completación de transacciones usa esto de guía antes de realizar cualquier transacción, si una persona tiene porcentaje bajo recomiendo saltar a otro anunciantes con mayor porcentaje para evitar ser estafado.

El precio en el que anunciante vende la criptomoneda, en el ejemplo de la imagen podemos ver que el anunciante vende cada unidad de USDT a 1.003 EUR.
El límite y la disponibilidad, en la primera línea podemos ver de cuanto USDT dispone, y en la siguiente el mínimo y el máximo que podemos comprar.
El tipo de pago que utilizaremos en esta transacción.
Después de estar de acuerdo con el precio, límite, y estar seguros de querer comprar al anunciante procederemos a hacer clic en Buy USDT
Al hacer clic en Buy USDT se desplegará una página con dos secciones, a la izquierda podremos observar los datos que vimos anteriormente, seguido de Términos y Condiciones del anunciante, y a la derecha dos campos, el primero de cuanto vamos a pagar, y el segundo nos mostrará de forma automática cuando vamos a recibir según lo pagado. Queda hacer clic nuevamente en Buy USDT y completar la transacción.

Una vez completada con éxito la operación anterior, podremos ver nuestros USDT en el siguiente enlance, o haciendo clic en Wallet y luego en Funding.

4. Vender criptomonedas

El proceso para vender criptomonedas es similar al de comprarlas, a continuación dejaré una serie de pasos.

Asignar un método de pago

Lo primero que debemos hacer es asignar un método de pago que usaremos para que nos llegue el dinero de la venta.

Debemos ir a nuestro Panel de usuario y una vez ahí buscar en el panel izquierdo la opción de Pago.

En la página de Pago podremos observar un botón de Agregar un método de pago en el que debemos hacer clic.

Se abrirá una ventana donde podremos elegir entre múltiples métodos, podemos buscar por Letra o usar el buscador para hacer una búsqueda más exacta.

Después de elegir, nos llevará a un formulario que debemos llenar con los datos requeridos. Una vez llenado haremos clic en confirmar, y ya tendremos nuestro método de pago añadido.

Pasos a seguir para vender.

Ahora haremos clic en Trade seguido de cuenta P2P.

Haremos clic en el botón de switch y lo dejaremos en Venta.

Seleccionaremos entre las opciones de criptomonedas para vender.
Podremos señalar el Monto, el FIAT o la moneda que vamos a recibir, y el método de pago que usaremos para recibir el dinero de nuestra venta.

A continuación veremos una lista de anunciarse con número de órdenes realizadas y el porcentaje de completación de las transacciones, seguido del precio, la disponibilidad y el límite, y el método de pago.

Una vez estemos seguros de con qué anunciante realizar la transacción, haremos clic en vender.
Se mostrará una ventana dividida en dos paneles, donde a la izquierda nos mostrará la información que leímos anteriormente, y en el derecho dos campos, en el primero la cantidad de criptomoneda que venderemos, y en el segundo se mostrará la cantidad que recibiremos. Una vez confirmado esto haremos clic nuevamente en Vender.

Una vez el anunciate haya confirmado que realizado el pago, debemos revisar que los fondos estén disponibles en nuestra cuenta y procederemos a liberar las criptomonedas.

5. Convertir criptomonedas

Al momento de comprar criptomonedas solo podemos elegir entre 8 opciones en la sección de P2P, por lo que en caso de necesitar otra criptomoneda podemos aprovechar esta funcionalidad.

Haremos clic en convert o nos dirigiremos al siguiente enlace donde podremos observar una ventana con dos campos, en el primero podremos seleccionar que criptomoneda deseamos convertir, en este caso los USDT que compramos en el paso anterior, y colocaremos la cantidad, y en el segundo campo podremos seleccionar a que criptomoneda deseamos convertir, Finalmente hacemos clic en convertir.

6. ¿Cómo recibir criptomonedas?

Puede darse el caso de que hayamos encontrado un empleo que pague en criptomonedas, como muchos de los que podemos encontrar en Code&Jobs o que simplemente queramos que alguien nos pague en criptomonedas. Para poder recibir simplemente debemos buscar en el Wallet la criptomoneda que deseemos recibir y hacer clic en Deposit.

Por ejemplo, si queremos recibir Solana buscamos SOL o solana, y hacemos clic en Deposit, una vez aquí veremos una ventana con dos campos, el primero corresponde a la criptomoneda, y el segundo a la red desde donde nos enviaran las criptomonedas, una vez seleccionemos la red obtendremos la dirección de nuestro wallet la cual copiaremos y enviaremos a la persona que nos va a enviar las criptomonedas.

Coingecko

Coingecko es un sitio web, que nos brinda la información acerca del rendimiento de una gran cantidad de criptomonedas disponibles. Usa datos en tiempo real, muestra fluctuación de precios en varios periodos de tiempo.

En resumen para los que necesiten consultar el precio de una criptomoneda pueden usar esta aplicación web.

PancakeSwap

PancakeSwapes una plataforma de intercambio descentralizada (DEX) de tokens dentro la Binance Smart Chain o tambien conocida BSC

PancakeSwap elimina a los intermediarios de los intercambios centralizados, dejando que otros usuarios se hagan con esas comisiones en su lugar. Si estás dispuesto a bloquear tus tokens durante un tiempo, los premios pueden ser muy abundantes, sobre todo con algunos de los pools de liquidez y opciones de apuestas.

Quizas pancakeSwap sea un poco dificil para aquellos que se esten iniciando en el mundo de las criptomonedas, pero quias valga la pena revisarla.

Sitios ue aceptan pagos en criptomonedas

Coinsbee en esta página podrás encontrar distinta variedad de gift cards (Amazon, Google Play, Steam, Netflix, etc)

Bitrefill Es un sitio similar a Coinsbee, con ventas de gift cards

Newegg Aqui podras comprar componentes de PC, Laptops, Monitores, Consola de Videojuegos, gadgets, etc.

Terminos

Bitcoin

Cuando se habla de Bitcoin se habla tanto de la primera plataforma basada en blockchain que busco desde sus inicios se una forma de pago segura, rapida y descentralizada. Y de la criptomoneda tambien conocida como BTC, cuyo valor actual puedes consultar aqui

Blockchain

Blockchain es una cadena de bloques, los cuales contienen informacion cifrada de una transaccion que se realizo en la red. y al estar en cadena permiten que los datos puedan transferirse de forma seguro gracias a la codificacion criptografica.

Exchange

Son sitios donde podemos comprar y vender criptomonedas. En la actualdiad hay muchos, unos con mayor catalogo que otros, asi como comisiones mayores en unas que otros. Algunos ejemplos de estos sitios serian Binance, FTX, LocalBitcoins, etc.

Fiat

El Fiat es la moneda aprobada por un gobierno que estan respaldadas por mercancia fisica, por ejemplo el USD, el EUR, la moneda local de tu pais, etc.

P2P

Sus siglas significan "Peer to Peer" (en español red entre pares), y en el contexto de Blockchain se refiere a una red de ordenadores que estan conectados entre si si necesidad de que haya un servidor o ente centralizado. Es decir es una conexion directa entre los dos ordenadores o usuarios.

Transaccion

Cualquier accion que se realice dentro de una blockchain. Ejemplo: recibir o enviar criptomonedas a
otra persona.

Wallet

Podemos pensar que una wallet es cuenta o direccion para recibir criptomonedas. Pueden ser en linea, fisicas o una aplicación local.

Wallets

Las wallets son instrumentos para poder recibir y enviar criptomonedas. Existen en línea, físicas o aplicaciones locales.

Entre los más populares podemos encontrar los siguientes.

Metamask

Es una extensión para el navegador que también funciona como wallet sirve para recibir y enviar criptomonedas. así como para poder interactuar con aplicaciones web que estén basadas en el blockchain de Ethereum como PancakeSwap por ejemplo.

Phantom

Así como Metamask, Phantom es una extensión del navegador que funciona como wallet sirve para recibir y enviar criptomonedas en Solana.

Es necesaria para interactuar con aplicaciones web que utilicen el blockchain de Solana, como es el caso de Code&Jobs

Esta wallet cuenta con una funcionalidad especial que consiste en Quemar NFTs esto es un proceso en el que se elimina el NFT y se reembolsa al propietario de la wallet el importe que se utilizó al momento de Mintear el NFT.

Si estás interesado en aprender mas al respecto puedes dirigirte al siguiente post

Conclusión

En este post aprendimos un poco sobre las criptomonedas, que podemos hacer con ellas, como adquirirlas, venderlas e incluso aprendimos de algunos comercios donde podemos usarlas directamente.

Si tienes alguna duda o sugerencia no dudes en dejar un comentario en el post, te responderé lo mas pronto posible.

Sientete libre de contactarme por telegram o agregandome a Discord como Appu#9136.

Muchas gracias por tu tiempo.

¿Cómo subir archivos con ardrive manualmente y con ardrive CLI?

Robert — Thu, 25 Aug 2022 12:50:00 +0000

En el siguiente post voy a hablar sobre Arweave, como crear una billetera o wallet, y también como subir archivos de forma manual y con su CLI.

Para este ejemplo voy a subir algunas imágenes gratuitas de unsplash.

¿Qué es Arweave?

Según la página oficial de Arweave, Arweave es un protocolo que permite alojar datos de forma permanente, sustentable y con una única cuota inicial.

podemos considerarlo como una alternativa a IPFS

Con Ardrive, podremos subir y compartir achivos, ademas también disponen de una calculadora de tarifas en caso de que desees saber cuanto tendrás que pagar para subir la cantidad de datos que desees.

Si deseas enconntrar mas contenido o empleos relacionados a blockchain te recomiendo que entres y te registres en Code&Jobs

Prerrequisitos

Node.js instalado
Arweave Wallet
Ardrive CLI instalado

Creando nuestro Proyecto

Abre la consola y escribe los siguiente comandos
mkdir ardrive-tutorial
cd ardrive-tutorial
npm init --y
Ahora abre el proyecto con tu editor de código preferido.

Dependencias

Para instalar las dependencias nos ubicaremos en la carpeta de tu proyecto con la consola y escribe los siguientes comandos.

npm i ardrive-core-js dotenv prompt-sync

Usarémos import por lo que debemos abrir package.json y agregar la siguiente linea "type" : "module",

"type" : "module",
"scripts": {
  "start": "node ./src index.js"
},

Estructura del proyecto

arDrive-tutorial/
├── node_modules/
├── tutorial-images/
├── src/
│   └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Tabla de contenidos

Autenticación en ArDrive
Subir archivos a ArDrive
Subir archvivos con ArDrive CLI
Script para crear un .json con la información de los archivos
Conclusión

1. Autenticación en ArDrivee

Este no es un paso complejo, asumiré que ya creaste tu wallet, así que lo siguiente es ir a la página de autenticación de Ardrive, y autenticarte con tu wallet.

el usuario y constraseña se utilizan para las carpetas privadas al momento de compartirlas

2. Subir archivos a ArDrive

Recuerda que todos los archivos serán alojados de forma permanente por lo que los archivos no podrán ser borrados.

Lo primero que haremos será crear un nuevo drive haciendo clic en el botón New.

Luego colocaremos un nombre y escogeremos entre público o privado, yo voy a elegir público

Luego vamos a hacer clic nuevamente en el botón New, y esta vez vamos a seleccionar "upload folder" porque vamos a subir una carpeta con archivos, como dije anteriormente en este ejemplo voy a subir algunas imágenes de unsplash. Eres libre de escoger el archivo que desees, solo asegurate de que tengas los permisos necesarios para hacerlo.

También podrás observar el precio para subir esos archivos, así podrás decidir si subirlos o no.

Ahora podrás ver la nueva carpeta creada en el drive, y si la abrimos los archivos que estan en ella, vamos a poder descargarlos, ver más información sobre ellos, un link para previsualizar, un link para comaprtir, etc.

3. Subir archvivos con ArDrive CLI

Vamos a repetir el proceso anterior, pero esta vez haciendo uso de ardrive CLI, para eso lo primero que vamos a hacer será abrir nuestra terminal y verificar de que este instalado con el siguiente comando:

ardrive --version

Si esta instalado verás un mensaje similar a este.

1.19.0

Para obtener mas informacion sobre los comandos que pueden ser usados escribe el siguiente comando ardrive -h o en caso de que desees mas información de como usar cierto comando, solo escribe el comando seguido de -h, por ejemplo ardrive create-drive -h

Ahora crearemos un nuevo drive, para eso debemos especificar la ruta donde se encuentra el archivo de nuestro Wallet, y el nombre que le vamos a asignar a nuestro drive.

ardrive create-drive -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> -n cli-tut

Deberías obtener un objeto con la información del nuevo drive parecido al siguiente

{
  "created": [
    {
      "type": "drive",
      "metadataTxId": "0fzTAOPqIK4Imk2xGf3e9CDCXxO_k-xFFlOkAA-IXRg",
      "entityId": "5e219c5e-ed6a-497d-b225-b5d621eed097",
      "bundledIn": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk",
      "entityName": "cli-tut"
    },
    {
      "type": "folder",
      "metadataTxId": "LGeONqTaoiE1m6_OXK2RcmsBZbkN0yxl-AKNUEn4ahs",
      "entityId": "1739f7e2-baa2-491a-a2ab-f406d778041a",
      "bundledIn": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk",
      "entityName": "cli-tut"
    },
    {
      "type": "bundle",
      "bundleTxId": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk"
    }
  ],
  "tips": [],
  "fees": {
    "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk": "52221667"
  }
}

Ahora lo que vamos a hacer es subir algunos archivos (pueden ser los mismos archivos del ejemplo anterior), si deseamos subirlos a la carpeta raíz como en el caso anterior debemos especificar el entityId de esta, vas a poder encontrarlo en el objeto que obtuvimos anteriormente en el objeto que contiene "type": "folder", y luego la información que estamos buscando esta en entityId.

De todas maneras si abres la página de arDrive vas a encontrar el nuevo drive, y podrás obtener el id de la carpeta raíz de la siguiente manera.

Tabién vamos a necesitar especificar la ubicación del archivo o carpeta que vamos a subir.

ardrive upload-file -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> --local-path <FILE\OR\FOLDER\LOCATION\THAT\WANT\TO\UPLOAD> -F <folder-id>

vas a obtener un mensaje como este.

{
  "created": [
    {
      "type": "folder",
      "entityId": "4de053e3-cf7f-4da6-88bc-e238e7478226",
      "metadataTxId": "rhML7VdZDfm2R1sASWwiCVt-_eeGb38VOFMUOszgvlM",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "entityName": "ardrive-cli-files",
    },
    {
      "type": "file",
      "entityName": "1.jpg",
      "entityId": "6cb92418-bf77-4edd-a271-a4981abb92bc",
      "dataTxId": "8y5PVi1V2WAF4etKv0lgbfx2tO2P_ekDu7PBFjhu4us",
      "metadataTxId": "LD2QI5erLPuvM39ptN0-G9vpLEGh4VXIdglhzS_oHEI",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
    },
    {
      "type": "file",
      "entityName": "2.jpg",
      "entityId": "48c33090-a7e6-47d3-b974-924a09defbb4",
      "dataTxId": "oMEPmy2LIKL0RI2WSfMyT3XEo2aZ86zqDQrEcfteqVo",
      "metadataTxId": "m3cDLllbgTwg4rlKF_FivP5nSHRd7BZ9WIUY31NVlxE",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "sourceUri": "file://C:\\Users\\Rob\\Downloads\\ardrive-cli-files\\2.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "bundle",
      "bundleTxId": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4"
    }
  ],
  "tips": [
    {
      "recipient": "aVHpFhSorIljeZ9so8unOEnPkW3YqRbqG5cfM4aXxBI",
      "txId": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "winston": "10000000"
    }
  ],
  "fees": {
    "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4": "52221667"
  }
}

Entonces como pudiste observar, una nueva carpeta fue creada, y también dos archivos (en mi caso)

Ahora descargarrmos esa carpeta de archivos (se va a descargar en la ubicación actual de la terminal) con el siguiente comando:

ardrive download-folder -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> -f <folder-id>

4. Script para crear un .json con la información de los archivos

Ahora vamos a crear un script personalizado para obtener la información de los archivos y carpetas que hayamos subido, finalmente vamos a crear un archivo .json que va a contener toda esta información esto será de ayuda en un proyecto real de NFT

Lo primero que vamos a hacer es crear un archivo .env en la raíz de nuestro proyecto, y crearemos una variable WALLET_PATH que le asignaremos la ubicación de nuestro wallet C:\\YOUR\\WALLET\\PATH

Luego iremos a la carpeta src y vamos a abrir index.js, copia y pega el siguiente código, no te preocupes lo voy a explicar paso a paso.

Yo usare la carpeta que subimos en el ejemplo anterior, pero este script también puede funcionar con una estructura similar a la que voy a enseñarte a continuación

driveName
├── imagesFolder/ //si queremos la información de imagesFolder entonces 
│   ├── folder1/  //debemos dar el folder id correspondiente
│   │   ├── 0.jpg
│   │   └── 1.jpg
│   ├── folder2/
│   │   ├── 2.jpg
│   │   └── 3.jpg
│   ├── folder3/
│   │   ├── 4.jpg
│   │   └── 5.jpg
│   ├── folder4/
│   │   ├── 6.jpg
│   │   └── 7.jpg
│   └── folder5/
│       ├── 8.jpg
│       └── 9.jpg
├── metadatasFolder/
└── anotherFolder/

Vamos a importar import {readJWKFile, arDriveFactory} from 'ardrive-core-js'. readJWKFile nos va a permitir poder leer el archivo de nuestro wallet, y con arDriveFactory vamos a poder realizar operaciones de arDrive.
Vamos a crear un archivo .json file al final del script por lo que vamos a necesitar utilizar fs
El script va a solicitar al usuario que introduzca el folder ID, con el folder ID vamos a poder obtener todas las carpetas internas, así como también el drive ID que lo vamos a necesitar para crear el link para dirigirnos a la carpeta.
Vamos a ordenar las carpetas en caso de que hayan mas de una y contengan un nombre de proyecto similar al siguiente (PROJECT_NAME_1, PROJECT_NAME_2, PROJECT_NAME_3, etc) porque no vamos a poder obtener ordenadas por defecto.
Vamos a crear una const foldersId = [] donde vamos a almacenar los nombres y id de las carpetas.
Ahora vamos a usar un for loop para recorrer el array foldersId y obtener los archivos de cada carpeta con

const getFiles = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
    folderId: folderId
  })

Ordenaremos los archivos porque los podemos obtener desordenados
Luego vamos a crear un array const filesInformation = [] que va a almacenar la información de cada uno de los archivos por cada carpeta
Después vamos a utilizar otro for loop para recorrerlos dentro del mismo loop, con este enfoque vamos a obtener toda la informacion de los archivos de la carpeta actual.
Ahora almacenaremos el folderName, folderLink, and also the filesInformation (fileName, fileId, and fileLink del loop anterior) en el array Files
Finalmente vamos a crear un archivo .json que va a contener toda la informacion contenida en Files

import {readJWKFile, arDriveFactory} from 'ardrive-core-js'
import fs from 'fs'
import dotenv from 'dotenv'
dotenv.config({path: '../.env'})
import ps from "prompt-sync";
const prompt = ps()

//read wallet from file
const myWallet = readJWKFile(process.env.WALLET_PATH)

const arDrive = arDriveFactory({ wallet: myWallet })

const folderID = prompt("insert the folder id ")

const getFolders = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
  folderId: folderID 
})

const driveId = getFolders[0].driveId

const LINK_TO_FOLDERS = `https://app.ardrive.io/#/drives/${driveId}/folders/`

getFolders.sort((a, b) => {
  return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
})

const foldersId = []

getFolders.forEach(folder => {
  foldersId.push({
    folderName: folder.name,
    folderId: folder.folderId.entityId
  })
})


const Files = []

for (let i = 0; i < foldersId.length; i++) {
  const folderId = foldersId[i].folderId
  const folderName = foldersId[i].folderName
  const getFiles = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
    folderId: folderId
  })

  //create an array for eachFoldername
  const filesInformation = []



getFiles.sort((a, b) => {
  return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
})

  for (let j = 0; j < getFiles.length; j++) {
    const file = getFiles[j]
    filesInformation.push({
      fileName: file.name,
      fileId: file.fileId.entityId,
      fileLink:'https://arweave.net/'+file.dataTxId.transactionId
    })


  }

  Files.push({
    folderName,
    folderLink: LINK_TO_FOLDERS + folderId,
    filesInformation
  })

}


fs.writeFileSync(`filesInfo.json`, JSON.stringify(Files))

El resultado final va a ser similar al siguiente

[
  {
    "folderName": "arweave-images",
    "folderLink": "https://app.ardrive.io/#/drives/5791d389-438c-4af5-820f-a2fe0fb782a8/folders/3d124a11-ebb5-4c2e-9d2c-02d6f1700b4b",
    "filesInformation": [
      {
        "fileName": "1.jpg",
        "fileId": "b2ca111f-54c5-4515-b700-e055c3a4e7c1",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/SrERAlYcB1v8D6ABRkP_QbHfRR6RdKTO3akSghPz3dM"
      },
      {
        "fileName": "2.jpg",
        "fileId": "2e791441-9404-4211-b618-2e580e110a15",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/fsnAIp1VFBMqBhNYsejaI5BqqOuUNat0gnUE2CHevqY"
      },
      {
        "fileName": "3.jpg",
        "fileId": "1c40d120-fe1d-4394-93e3-f9df3bf0f176",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/mSgGn1D_WPudzm0uROiJxegbZ760rhSNI8p5DGiy7hI"
      }
    ]
  }
]

5. Conclusión

En este post aprendimos a subir y compartir archivos manualmente con arDrive, asi como también con su CLI, además a como crear un script personalizado para interactuar con los archivos subidos.

Realmente espero que hayas podido seguirme hasta aquí sin ningún inconveniente, de otra manera me disculpo, por favor puedes dejarme tus dudas y comentarios.

Si deseas enconntrar mas contenido o empleos relacionados a blockchain te recomiendo que entres y te registres en Code&Jobs

Puedes contactarme por telegram en caso de que necesites contratar a un Full Stack Developer.

También te dejo mi usuario de Discord Appu#9136 en caso de que desees agregarme.

Muchas Gracias por tu tiempo.

How to upload files to ardrive manually and with ardrive CLI?

Robert — Wed, 10 Aug 2022 23:04:00 +0000

In the following post I will explaining what is Arweave, how to create a wallet, and also how to upload files manually and with the CLI.

For this example I will be uploading some free images from unsplash.

What is Arweave?.

According to the Arweave website, Arweave is a protocol that allows you to store data permanently, sustainably, with a single upfront fee.

You can think of it as an alternative to IPFS

With Ardrive, we will able to upload and share our files, there is also a fee calculator in case you want to know how much you will pay for the amount of data that you want store.

Prerequisites

Node.js installed
Arweave Wallet
Ardrive CLI installed

Creating Our Project

Open your terminal and type the following commands
mkdir ardrive-tutorial
cd ardrive-tutorial
npm init --y
Open the project with your preferred code editor

Dependencies

To install dependencies go to your project folder open a terminal and type the following.

npm i ardrive-core-js dotenv prompt-sync

We will be using import so open package.json and add the following line "type" : "module".

"type" : "module",
"scripts": {
  "start": "node ./src index.js"
},

Project File Structure

arDrive-tutorial/
├── node_modules/
├── tutorial-images/
├── src/
│   └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Log in to ArDrive
Uploading files to ArDrive
Uploading files with ArDrive CLI
Script to create a .json with files info
Conclusion

1. Log in to ArDrive

This is not difficult to do, assuming that you created your wallet, you just go to Ardrive login page, and log in with your wallet.

The user and password are for private folders.

2. Uploading Files to ArDrive

Remember that all the files will be permanently stored, that means that the files cannot be deleted.

The first thing that we will do is create a new drive by clicking on the New button.

Then set a name and choose between public or private, I am going to choose public.

Then we are going to click the New button again, and this time select "upload folder" because we are going to upload a folder with files in it, like I said before in this example I will be using some free images from unsplash. you can use whatever you want, just make sure that you have the permission to upload the files.

You will also be able to see the price to upload those files, so you can decide if you want to upload them.

Now you will be able to see a new folder in your drive, and if we open it we will be able to see the files in it, also we can download them, get details of each file, a preview link, etc.

3. Uploading files with ArDrive CLI

To get more info about the commands that can be used type ardrive -h or in case you want more usage information about a command ardrive create-drive -h.

Now we are going to repeat the process but using ardrive cli instead, so the first thing that we are going to do is open our terminal and check if the ardrive CLI is installed with this command:

ardrive --version

You should get your ardrive CLI version.

1.19.0

Then we are going to create a new drive, we must specify our wallet location and a name for the new drive, you can also specify if you want it to be a private drive with -p

ardrive create-drive -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> -n cli-tut

You should get an object with information about the drive and the folder like the following one:

{
  "created": [
    {
      "type": "drive",
      "metadataTxId": "0fzTAOPqIK4Imk2xGf3e9CDCXxO_k-xFFlOkAA-IXRg",
      "entityId": "5e219c5e-ed6a-497d-b225-b5d621eed097",
      "bundledIn": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk",
      "entityName": "cli-tut"
    },
    {
      "type": "folder",
      "metadataTxId": "LGeONqTaoiE1m6_OXK2RcmsBZbkN0yxl-AKNUEn4ahs",
      "entityId": "1739f7e2-baa2-491a-a2ab-f406d778041a",
      "bundledIn": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk",
      "entityName": "cli-tut"
    },
    {
      "type": "bundle",
      "bundleTxId": "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk"
    }
  ],
  "tips": [],
  "fees": {
    "GL725mzIbYgisddpaimoxs6lAdN9CjASmhhxqdP3agk": "52221667"
  }
}

Then we are going to upload some files to it, if we want upload them to the root folder we will need to add the entityId of the previous object with "type": "folder", anyways if you open your ardrive and look for the drive that you created you can get the root folder id like this.

We also need the file location, or folder location that we want to upload

ardrive upload-file -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> --local-path <FILE\OR\FOLDER\LOCATION\THAT\WANT\TO\UPLOAD> -F <folder-id>

You will get a message like this:

{
  "created": [
    {
      "type": "folder",
      "entityId": "4de053e3-cf7f-4da6-88bc-e238e7478226",
      "metadataTxId": "rhML7VdZDfm2R1sASWwiCVt-_eeGb38VOFMUOszgvlM",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "entityName": "ardrive-cli-files",
    },
    {
      "type": "file",
      "entityName": "1.jpg",
      "entityId": "6cb92418-bf77-4edd-a271-a4981abb92bc",
      "dataTxId": "8y5PVi1V2WAF4etKv0lgbfx2tO2P_ekDu7PBFjhu4us",
      "metadataTxId": "LD2QI5erLPuvM39ptN0-G9vpLEGh4VXIdglhzS_oHEI",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
    },
    {
      "type": "file",
      "entityName": "2.jpg",
      "entityId": "48c33090-a7e6-47d3-b974-924a09defbb4",
      "dataTxId": "oMEPmy2LIKL0RI2WSfMyT3XEo2aZ86zqDQrEcfteqVo",
      "metadataTxId": "m3cDLllbgTwg4rlKF_FivP5nSHRd7BZ9WIUY31NVlxE",
      "bundledIn": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "sourceUri": "file://C:\\Users\\Rob\\Downloads\\ardrive-cli-files\\2.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "bundle",
      "bundleTxId": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4"
    }
  ],
  "tips": [
    {
      "recipient": "aVHpFhSorIljeZ9so8unOEnPkW3YqRbqG5cfM4aXxBI",
      "txId": "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4",
      "winston": "10000000"
    }
  ],
  "fees": {
    "CjI3RTkum17KI5GHEiI6dC_gjq1dznylrA4pR5hk0E4": "52221667"
  }
}

So as you can see, a new folder was created, also two files with it.

Now we can download that folder (it will be downloaded in your current console location) with this command:

ardrive download-folder -w <YOUR\WALLET\LOCATION\FOLDER\wallet-file.json> -f <folder-id>

4. Script to create a .json with files info

Now we are going to create a custom script to get files and folder information and finally create a .json file with it that would be helpful for a real life NFT project.

First create a .env file in the root of your project and create a WALLET_PATH variable and add your wallet path like this C:\\YOUR\\WALLET\\PATH.

Then go to src folder and open index.js, copy and paste the following code, don't worry I will explain it step by step.

I am going to use a folder form our previous example, but you can also work for a folder arDrive structure like this.

driveName
├── imagesFolder/ //if we want imagesFolder info then we should provide this folder id
│   ├── folder1/
│   │   ├── 0.jpg
│   │   └── 1.jpg
│   ├── folder2/
│   │   ├── 2.jpg
│   │   └── 3.jpg
│   ├── folder3/
│   │   ├── 4.jpg
│   │   └── 5.jpg
│   ├── folder4/
│   │   ├── 6.jpg
│   │   └── 7.jpg
│   └── folder5/
│       ├── 8.jpg
│       └── 9.jpg
├── metadatasFolder/
└── anotherFolder/

We are going to import {readJWKFile, arDriveFactory} from 'ardrive-core-js'. we'll be able to read our wallet with readJWKFile and use arDrive operations with arDriveFactory.
We are going to create a .json file at the end of our script so we need to use fs.
The script will prompt the user for the folder ID, with the folder ID we can get all folders inside that folder and we can also get the drive ID that will be needed to build the link to the folder.
We need sort the folders in case there are more than one and have a project name e.g. (PROJECT_NAME_1, PROJECT_NAME_2, PROJECT_NAME_3, etc) because probably we won't get them sorted by default.
We will create a const foldersId = [] that will store every folder name and folder id.
Now we will use a for loop to loop through foldersId and will get the files of each folder with .

const getFiles = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
    folderId: folderId
  })

We will sort those files because we could obtain them unsorted.
Then we are going to create a const filesInformation = [] that will store the information of each one of the files per folder.
After that we are going to use another for loop trough them inside our current loop, So with this approach we will get all the files info from the current folder.
Now we will store the folderName, folderLink, and also the filesInformation (fileName, fileId, and fileLink from the previous loop) and will be stored in a Files array.
Finally we will create a json file and we will write the stored data in Files.

import {readJWKFile, arDriveFactory} from 'ardrive-core-js'
import fs from 'fs'
import dotenv from 'dotenv'
dotenv.config({path: '../.env'})
import ps from "prompt-sync";
const prompt = ps()

//read wallet from file
const myWallet = readJWKFile(process.env.WALLET_PATH)

const arDrive = arDriveFactory({ wallet: myWallet })

const folderID = prompt("insert the folder id ")

const getFolders = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
  folderId: folderID 
})

const driveId = getFolders[0].driveId

const LINK_TO_FOLDERS = `https://app.ardrive.io/#/drives/${driveId}/folders/`

getFolders.sort((a, b) => {
  return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
})

const foldersId = []

getFolders.forEach(folder => {
  foldersId.push({
    folderName: folder.name,
    folderId: folder.folderId.entityId
  })
})


const Files = []

for (let i = 0; i < foldersId.length; i++) {
  const folderId = foldersId[i].folderId
  const folderName = foldersId[i].folderName
  const getFiles = await arDrive.listPublicFolder({
    folderId: folderId
  })

  //create an array for eachFoldername
  const filesInformation = []

  // Format here
  getFiles.sort((a, b) => {
    return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
  })

  for (let j = 0; j < getFiles.length; j++) {
    const file = getFiles[j]
    filesInformation.push({
      fileName: file.name,
      fileId: file.fileId.entityId,
      fileLink:'https://arweave.net/'+file.dataTxId.transactionId
    })


  }

  Files.push({
    folderName,
    folderLink: LINK_TO_FOLDERS + folderId,
    filesInformation
  })

}

fs.writeFileSync(`filesInfo.json`, JSON.stringify(Files))

The final output will be similar to this:

[
  {
    "folderName": "arweave-images",
    "folderLink": "https://app.ardrive.io/#/drives/5791d389-438c-4af5-820f-a2fe0fb782a8/folders/3d124a11-ebb5-4c2e-9d2c-02d6f1700b4b",
    "filesInformation": [
      {
        "fileName": "1.jpg",
        "fileId": "b2ca111f-54c5-4515-b700-e055c3a4e7c1",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/SrERAlYcB1v8D6ABRkP_QbHfRR6RdKTO3akSghPz3dM"
      },
      {
        "fileName": "2.jpg",
        "fileId": "2e791441-9404-4211-b618-2e580e110a15",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/fsnAIp1VFBMqBhNYsejaI5BqqOuUNat0gnUE2CHevqY"
      },
      {
        "fileName": "3.jpg",
        "fileId": "1c40d120-fe1d-4394-93e3-f9df3bf0f176",
        "fileLink": "https://arweave.net/mSgGn1D_WPudzm0uROiJxegbZ760rhSNI8p5DGiy7hI"
      }
    ]
  }
]

5. Conclusion

We have learned how to upload and share files with arDrive manually and with the CLI, also how to create a custom script to interact with the files uploaded.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise I apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer.

You can also find me on Discord Appu#9136

Thank you for your time.

Deploy and Verify a Smart Contract to Testnet using Hardhat

Robert — Mon, 08 Aug 2022 21:28:00 +0000

In the following post will be learn how to deploy and verify a smart contract to Rinkeby testnet using hardhat.

NOTE: Rinkeby will be deprecated soon, click here if you want to know more about it, anyways this example can work for any other testnet like Goerli, Kovan, etc.

What is Hardhat?

According to official documentation Hardhat is a development environment for Ethereum software. It consists of different components for editing, compiling, debugging and deploying your smart contracts and dApps, all of which work together to create a complete development environment.

Prerequisites

Node.js installed
Metamask Wallet
Infura API Key
Etherscan Account
Have some Rinkeby funds in your wallet, in case you need some can use this faucet

Creating Our Project

open your terminal and type the following commands
mkdir hardhat-tutorial
cd hardhat-tutorial
npm init --y
Open the project with your preferred code editor

Dependencies

dotenv
hardhat
@nomiclabs/hardhat-etherscan
@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox

To install dependencies go to your project folder and open a terminal and type the following commands:

npm i dotenv

npm i hardhat --save-dev hardhat @nomiclabs/hardhat-etherscan @nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox

Now execute the following command

npx hardhat

You can use the JavaScript option for this example.

Project File Structure

hardhat-tutorial/
├── contracts/
├── node_modules/
├── scripts/
├── test/
├── .env
├── hardhat.config.js
└── package.json

Config our .env file
Set Up hardhat.config.js
Creating the contract to deploy
Deploy Script
Deploying and Verifying
Conclusion

1. Config our .env file

Let's create a .env file in case you haven't already and open it.

We will need to set the following variables:

INFURA_API_KEY = your infura API key
METAMASK_ACCOUNT = your metamask account
ETHERSCAN_API_KEY = your etherscan API key

In case you don't know how to get your Metamask account, just follow the following steps:

Open your Metamask browser extension, click on the three dots.

Click on Account details .

Click on Export Private Key.

Finally type your password.

2. Set Up hardhat.config.js

First we need to set up the configuration file, so let's open hardhat.config.js, you will see something similar to this

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");
require("@nomiclabs/hardhat-etherscan");

module.exports = {
  solidity: "0.8.9",
};

We need to specify the networks we want to use, for this example we are only going to use Rinkeby.

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");
require("@nomiclabs/hardhat-etherscan");
//dotenv
require("dotenv").config();

module.exports = {
  solidity: "0.8.9",
  networks: {
    rinkeby: {
      url: `https://rinkeby.infura.io/v3/${process.env.INFURA_API_KEY}`,
      accounts: [`${process.env.METAMASK_ACCOUNT}`]
    }
  },
  etherscan: {
    apiKey: process.env.ETHERSCAN_API_KEY
  }
};

3. Creating the contract to deploy

For this example will be using a Dummy contract called Greeter.sol, so let's open it.

//SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

  import "hardhat/console.sol";

  contract Greeter {
      string public greeting = 'Hello World';

      function setGreeting(string memory _greeting) public {
          console.log("Changing greeting from '%s' to '%s'", greeting, _greeting);
          greeting = _greeting;
      }
  }

4. Deploy Script

Go to scripts folder and open deploy.js, delete everything inside.

First let's require ethers from hardhat.
Then we will create a function that will be executed when the script is executed.
we will use ethers.getSigners() to get a object with our ethereum account information .
then we with getContractFactory() we are going to abstract the contract information, in this case of Greeter.sol.
we will deploy that information with deploy().
Finally we wait for the contract to be deployed and get the address of the contract.

const { ethers } = require("hardhat");

async function main(){
  const [deployer] = await ethers.getSigners();

  console.log("Deploying contracts with the account: ", deployer.address);

  const DummyContract = await ethers.getContractFactory("Greeter");
  const dummyContract = await DummyContract.deploy();

  await dummyContract.deployed();

  console.log("DummyContract deployed to: ", dummyContract.address);
}

main()
  .then(() => process.exit(0))
  .catch(error => {
    console.error(error);
    process.exit(1);
  })

5. Deploying and Verifying

Finally we will execute the following commands to deploy and verify our contract.

npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network rinkeby

You will get something similar to this:

DummyContract deployed to:  0x5c2E1BD82EDC0695cbA5AE64dA7aE34f073E167C

Then to verify the contract type the following command:

The address used in the next command will be the value that you previously get from the console.

npx hardhat verify --network rinkeby 0x5c2E1BD82EDC0695cbA5AE64dA7aE34f07

Finally you will get a message similar to this:

Successfully verified contract Greeter on Etherscan
https://rinkeby.etherscan.io/address/0x5c2E1BD82EDC0695cbA5AE64dA7aE34f073E167C#code

Now if you visit that link you will be able to see your contract as well as the code.

6. Conclusion

We learned how to deploy and verify a smart contract using Hardhat.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise I apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

If you're looking for a blockchain dev position, or more content related, you should check codenjobs web

You can also visit the Spanish version of this post

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer.

You can also find me on Discord as Appu#9136

Thank you for your time.

How to add images to IPFS with node.js and ipfs-core

Robert — Tue, 19 Jul 2022 17:15:00 +0000

What is IPFS?

IPFS stands for InterPlanetary File System, is a p2p protocol for storing and sharing data in a distributed file system.

IPFS don't rely on a server so it makes it decentralized. so it is easy to deploy and use. which is a good thing for web3 as it is a decentralized protocol.

IPFS is not jut for blockchain developers, its also for web developers, content creators, etc.

There are some terms that are used in IPFS.

node -> think of it as a server, every node is a server and every user is running a node.

pin -> you need to pin the files to guarantee the content access is always available to the user, there are pinning services like Pinata or Infura, if you don't pin your files, they will be deleted after a certain time.

CID (Content ID) -> is a unique identifier for a file, think of it as a hash/fingerprint of the file.

I encourage you to read the IPFS documentation to learn more about IPFS.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer or if you need a discord bot for your server.

You can also contact me by discord Appu#9136.

You can clone the repo if you want.

Prerequisites

Node.js installed
Basic understanding of IPFS
Install IPFS CLI

Creating Our Project

open your terminal and type the following
mkdir node-ipfs-tutorial
cd node-ipfs-tutorial
npm init --y
code .

Dependencies

ipfs-core

To install dependencies go to your project folder open a terminal and type the following.

npm i ipfs-core

Now go to your package.json and add this, we will be using import so we will add "type" : "module"

"type" : "module",
"scripts": {
  "start": "node ./src index.js"
},

Project File Structure

node-ipfs-tutorial/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ └── index.js
└── package.json

Hello World
Adding Images
Retrieving Data
Conclusion

1. Hello World

Let's start with the example from the ipfs-core documentation.

import * as IPFS from 'ipfs-core'

const ipfs = await IPFS.create()
const { cid } = await ipfs.add('Hello world')
console.log(cid)

Now type npm start in your terminal and you will see something like this.

Open your browser and type https://ipfs.io/ipfs/<cid> and you will see the content of the file.

2. Adding Images

Now we're going to add some images, for this example I will use free images from unsplash.

So will create a folder named images and put the images in it, I added 3 images.

So I will import fs because will work with files and another directory, then will specify in a const where is the images folder and read it.

After that will use a for loop read each file inside the images folder and add it to the IPFS.

This time I am using result to show all the properties of the added file

import * as IPFS from 'ipfs-core'
import fs from 'fs'

const imagesDir = './src/images'

const files = fs.readdirSync(imagesDir)

const ipfs = await IPFS.create()

for(let file of files) {
  const buffer = fs.readFileSync(`${imagesDir}/${file}`)
  const result = await ipfs.add(buffer)
  console.log(result)
}

You will see something similar to this.

3. Retrieving Data

To simplify the tedious task of copying the cid and pasting it into the browser, and add https://ipfs.io/ipfs/.

Let's create a const gateway with https://ipfs.io/ipfs/, and then after get the result console.log(gateway+result.path) like this.

import * as IPFS from 'ipfs-core'
import fs from 'fs'

const imagesDir = './src/images'

const files = fs.readdirSync(imagesDir)
const gateway = 'https://ipfs.io/ipfs/'
const ipfs = await IPFS.create()


for(let file of files) {
  const buffer = fs.readFileSync(`${imagesDir}/${file}`)
  const result = await ipfs.add(buffer)
  console.log(result)
  console.log(gateway+result.path)
}

Now to visit the images you can open your browser and type https://ipfs.io/ipfs/<cid> or just ctrl + click the link and you will see the content of the file.

Don't worry if you get this error.

You can use alternative ways to retrieve the data such another gateway like https://gateway.pinata.cloud/ipfs/.

4. Conclusion

We learned how to make add content to IPFS with node.js using ipfs-core. For my next post I plan to make an example using the Pinata API.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise I apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer.

You can also contact me by discord.

You can clone the repo if you want.

Thank you for your time.

how to make a discord bot to take screenshots of a site

Robert — Fri, 15 Jul 2022 20:21:00 +0000

In the following post we will learn how to make a discord bot that will take a screenshot of a site and pass it to a discord channel.

for this example we will use discord.js, i assume that you already know how to create and configure the bot, in case you don't know how to in this post I explain it step by step

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer or if you need a discord bot for your server

You can also contact me by discord Appu#9136

Prerequisites

Node.js installed
you will need a Discord account

Creating Our Project

open your terminal and type the following
mkdir discord-screenshot-bot
cd discord-screenshot-bot
npm init --y
code .

Dependencies

dotenv
discord.js
puppeteer

To install dependencies go to your project folder open a terminal and type the following

npm i dotenv discord.js puppeteer

Now go to your package.json and add this

  "scripts": {
    "start": "node ./src index.js"
  },

Project File Structure

discord-screenshot-bot/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Coding our Bot
Take Screenshot Function
Send the screenshot to discord
Conclusion

1. Coding our Bot

I will assume that you already setup the bot.

Before start coding let's we need to create a .env file in our project root, then lets add a BOT_TOKEN var and assign it the token we saved earlier in the previous section.

BOT_TOKEN = paste-the-token-here

Now in our index.js, require the following modules

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer')
const path = require('path')
const Discord = require("discord.js");
const fs = require('fs');

require("dotenv").config();

Then create a client object from Discord Class using the Client constructor, we need to pass the intents like this.

const client = new Discord.Client({
  intents: [
    "GUILDS",
    "GUILD_MEMBERS",
    "GUILD_MESSAGES",
    "GUILD_MESSAGE_REACTIONS",
  ],
});

Now we are going to make our bot online by using the login method and add a event listener, so that when the bot is ready it will pass a message through the console.

client.on("ready", () => {
  console.log(`Hello my name is ${client.user.tag}!`);
});

client.login(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);

You should receive a message similar to this one.

Hello my name is cryptocurrency-bot#0235!

2. Take Screenshot Function

In order to take a screenshot of a website we will use puppeteer.

puppeteer it's a library which will let us control a Chrome, and with this we will be able to perform actions such as scraping, automating, etc.

if you want to know more about puppeteer, please go here

so let's create our function, it will take a screenshot and save it inside a images folder. we need to indicate our image folder path, and also if the folder doesn't exist let our code create it for us.

.
.
.
const imagesPath = path.join(__dirname, 'images')

if (!fs.existsSync(imagesPath)) {
    fs.mkdirSync(imagesPath);
}
.
.
.

Will train the explain the code below, first it will launch a browser, then open a new page, we will set the screen size with setViewport options (can read more about it in the official documentation), then will go to our desired url, in this case my dev.to profile/dashboard page, then take a screenshot and save it in our images folder, if the images is saved pass a console message with Screenshot saved and finally close the browser.

.
.
.
const takeScreenshot = async () => {
  const browser = await puppeteer.launch()
  const page = await browser.newPage()

  await page.setViewport({
    width: 1920,
    height: 1080,
    deviceScaleFactor: 1
  })

  await page.goto('https://dev.to/rtagliavia')
  await page.screenshot({ path: `${imagesPath}/dashboard.png` })

  if (fs.existsSync(`${imagesPath}/dashboard.png`)) {
    console.log("Screenshot saved");
  }

  await browser.close()
}
.
.
.

3. Send the screenshot to discord

Now let's send our screenshot to our discord server, so to do this we first need to copy our channel id from our discord server, right click on the channel e.g.(general) and then click Copy Link.

Now create a channel variable that will get our channel.

Then call our function, wait for it to be executed, so to do this we will use async/await, then after that we create an embed (if you want to know more about this check my tutorial, or the documentation). Finally send the embed to our channel.

.
.
.
client.on("ready", async () => {
  console.log(`Logged in as ${client.user.tag}!`);
  let channel = client.channels.cache.get('855537249155547199')

  await getScreenhot();
  const embed2 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
    .setTitle("My Screenshot")
    .setImage(`attachment://dashboard.png`)

  channel.send({ embeds: [embed2], files: [`${imagesPath}/dashboard.png`] });
});
.
.
.

4. Conclusion

We learned how to make a discord bot that will take screenshots of a website and pass them to the chat using discord.js and puppeteer.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise i apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer.

You can also contact me by discord.

You can clone the repo if you want.

Thank you for your time.

How to create a discord bot with discord.js and node.js

Robert — Wed, 22 Jun 2022 01:12:00 +0000

cryptocurrency-discord-bot

A cryptocurrency discord bot made with Node, discord.js and coingecko API
In this post we will learn how to create a cryptocurrency Discord bot to obtain the values of the cryptocurrency we want to know using Coingecko API.

To make this post I used the same example from my other post How to make a Cryptocurrency Telegram bot with Node and Telegraf.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer or if you need a discord bot for your server.

You can also find me on discord as Appu#9136.

You can clone the repo if you want..

Prerequisites

Node.js installed
you will need a Discord account

Creating Our Project

open your terminal and type the following
mkdir discord-cryptocurrency-bot
cd discord-cryptocurrency-bot
npm init --y
code .

Dependencies

To install dependencies go to your project folder open a terminal and type the following.

npm i axios dotenv discord.js

Now go to your package.json and add this.

  "scripts": {
    "start": "node ./src index.js"
  },

Project File Structure

discord-cryptocurrency-bot/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Table of Contents.

Creating our own discord server
Creating our bot and adding it to our server
Coding our Bot
Creating the bot commands
Deploying it to Heroku
Conclusion

1. Creating our own discord server

In order to test our bot we need to create a server, this step is easy, just open your discord and click the + on the left panel, it will show a window with the create my own option, click it, and for this example select for my and my friends.

After create your server, go and click the wheel icon to open the user settings, go to app settings and click Advanced, now activate the developer mode.

2. Creating our bot and adding it to our server

Now open your browser and go to Discord Developer Portal be sure to be in the Applications tab, and click the New Application button, it will show a modal where you can choose a name for your new application.

Now in the left panel click on Bot, then click on add bot, here you can set a name and an icon for your bot, below the name will be the token, copy and save it in a .txt file by the moment.

Now scroll down to Privileged Gateway Intents, here we will check some intents to be able to interact with our bot.

Now go to OAuth2 -> URL Generator, there will be a panel with the SCOPES label, check the bot scope, then a url will be generated, copy it, open a new tab and paste it, you will see something similar to the image below, select your server and then click the Authorize button.

Finally the bot is in the server and we can start coding it.

3. Coding our Bot

Let's start coding our bot, first let's create a .env file in our project root folder, lets add a BOT_TOKEN var and assign it the token we saved earlier in the previous section.

BOT_TOKEN = paste-the-token-here

Now in our index.js, import discord.js, axios and dotenv

const axios = require("axios");
const Discord = require("discord.js");
require("dotenv").config();

Then create a client object from Discord Class using the Client constructor, we need to pass the intents like this.

const client = new Discord.Client({
  intents: [
    "GUILDS",
    "GUILD_MEMBERS",
    "GUILD_MESSAGES",
    "GUILD_MESSAGE_REACTIONS",
  ],
});

Now we are going to make our bot online by using the login method and add a event listener, so that when the bot is ready it will pass a message through the console.

client.on("ready", () => {
  console.log(`Hello my name is ${client.user.tag}!`);
});

client.login(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);

You should receive a message similar to this one.

Hello my name is cryptocurrency-bot#0235!

4. Creating the bot commands

For this example I will create only three commands, !help command to get all the available commands, a !currencies command to get all the supported currencies and a !crypto_price to get the price of the selected cryptocurrency in the desired currency.

So let's start creating our !help command.

Let's use our client object with the event listener, it will be listening for messageCreate event that will be emitted whenever a message is created, and we are going to use async/await because we are going to make some HTTP requests to the Coingecko API.

Please be sure to read the documentation from discord.js and discord.

With msg.content we can get what the text that the user sent, if the message is equals to !help then we will answer the user with the commands and a description of each one.

Embeds are a way to format our messages, you can read about it in the documentation

client.on("messageCreate",  async (msg) => {
  if(msg.content === '!help'){
    const embed1 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Command list")
      .setDescription(
        '**!help** - shows the command list \n\n' +
        '**!currencies** to get all the suppported currencies. \n\n' +
        '**!crypto_price** *<currencies>* *<cryptocurrencies>* to get the value of the cryptocurrency in another currency, to use it first type the **currency** and then the **cryptocurrency** e.g. (**!crypto_price usd bitcoin**), can also add more currencies and cryptos separating them with commas but without spaces e.g. (**!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum**) \n\n'
      );

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed1] });
  }
});

Now if you try the !help command you should get something similar to this:

Now let's create our !currencies command

Let's go back to our code and instead of if block lets create a switch block with the msg.content like this, and by the moment we are going to send !currencies command message when the user enters the !currencies command:

client.on("messageCreate",  async (msg) => {

  switch (msg.content) {
    case "!help" || "!commands":
      const embed1 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Command list")
      .setDescription(
        '**!help** or **!commands** - shows the command list \n\n' +
        '**!currencies** to get all the suppported currencies. \n\n' +
        '**!crypto_price** *<currencies>* *<cryptocurrencies>* to get the value of the cryptocurrency in another currency, to use it first type the **currency** and then the **cryptocurrency** e.g. (**!crypto_price usd bitcoin**), can also add more currencies and cryptos separating them with commas but without spaces e.g. (**!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum**) \n\n'
      );

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed1] });
      break;
    case "!currencies":

      break;
  }
});

Let's code our !currencies command, delete this line msg.channel.send('!currencies command'), and first lets make a GET request to the coingecko API and retrieve the supported currencies.

I used the map method to return each currency in italic and assign it to a constant named currencies, and created a new embed

  const res = await axios.get("https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/supported_vs_currencies");

  const currencies = res.data.map((currency) => `*${currency}*`)

  const embed2 = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
    .setTitle("Supported Currencies")
    .setDescription(currencies.join(", "))
    .setColor("#0099ff")
    .setFooter("Powered by CoinGecko");

  msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed2] });

If you try the command you will get this.

Finally we will create the !crypto_price command.

For this one as a user we will send a message like this !crypto_price usd,eur bitcoin, so we will split the string by spaces with .split(' '). This should split the string into three parts, the first part will be the !crypto_price, second part usd,eur and third part bitcoin, so we will create two variables currencies and cryptoCurrencies, then we will assign the values respectively.

But to be able to get the words after !crypto_price we should use msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price") otherwise we won't get the next words and the command won't work.

So before our switch block we will use an if block, if the message starts with !crypto_price then we will execute our command:

client.on("messageCreate",  (msg) => {
  if (msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price")) {

  } else {
    switch (msg.content) {
     .
     .
     .
    }
  }
});

So let's get currencies and the cryptoCurrencies by splitting the string.

We need to create a conditional in case the user enters the data incorrectly, or in case the user does not send any data in the command. if this is the case we need to send the user a message, in this case I want the user to remember how to use the command so I added an example.

Now we are going to make the GET request to the API, we also going to check if the object from the response is empty, if it's empty it's because there was a spelling error, or some of the data was misplaced. If this is the case we will answer again telling the user how to use the command.

We are getting the data like this.

data: {
    bitcoin: { usd: 21816, eur: 20872 },
    ethereum: { usd: 1177.46, eur: 1126.54 }
  }

So I chose to use a for loop inside another for loop to manipulate the data, then used an embed again to format the text.

if (msg.content.startsWith("!crypto_price")) {
  const currencies = msg.content.split(" ")[1];
  const cryptoCurrencies = msg.content.split(" ")[2];

  if (cryptoCurrencies === undefined || currencies === undefined) {
    const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
      .setTitle("Error")
      .setDescription("Please provide a currency and a cryptocurrency, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (!crypto_price usd,eur bitcoin,ethereum)")
      .setColor("#ff0000");

    msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
    return
  }

  axios.get( `https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=${cryptoCurrencies}&vs_currencies=${currencies}`)
  .then((res) => {
    if (res) {

      //if res is empty
      if(Object.keys(res.data).length === 0) {
        const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
        .setTitle("Error")
        .setDescription("Please enter the **currency** and the **cryptocurrency** you want to convert to, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (*!crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum*).")
        .setColor("#ff0000");

        msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
      }

      const response = res.data;

      for (let cryptoCurrency in response) {
        for (let currency in response[cryptoCurrency]) {
          const embed = new Discord.MessageEmbed()
          .setDescription(`**${cryptoCurrency}** price in **${currency.toUpperCase()}** ➡️ ${response[cryptoCurrency][currency]}`)

          msg.channel.send({ embeds: [embed] });
        }
      }
    }
  })
}

If you try !crypto_price command, you should get something like this.

5. Deploying it to Heroku

we need to create a server

In case you want to deploy this app, we need to create a server, so let's install express with this command npm i express and create a server in our index.js.

Remember to create a port constant and assign this process.env.PORT to it (Heroku will give us a port value).

const express = require('express')

//initialization
const app = express()

const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;

app.listen(port, () => {
  console.log(`Server is running on port ${port}`);
})

Create an account

This is an easy step, just go to Heroku and click on sign up.

Fill the required fields and verify your account, then login and go to your apps and create a new one.

Choose a name for your new app and continue to the next part.

Install Heroku CLI

We are not going to ad a pipeline, so we can skip that part. Now for the deployment method I will use Heroku CLI.

I will use npm install -g heroku to install it, then we need to open a terminal and type heroku cli, and you will see this message.

Now let's login by clicking the button in our browser.

Deploy.

Now lets follow the steps below, replace master by main or won't let you git push.

6. Conclusion

We learned how to make a cryptocurrency discord bot using discord.js and node.js.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise I apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer..

You can also find me on discord as Appu#9136.

You can clone the repo if you want.

Thanks for your time.

How to make a Cryptocurrency Telegram bot with Node and Telegraf

Robert — Wed, 15 Jun 2022 23:48:00 +0000

In this post we will learn how to create a cryptocurrency Telegram bot to obtain the values of the cryptocurrency we want to know using Coingecko API.

To make this post I was inspired by this other one How to make a cryptocurrency Telegram bot with Rust and Teloxide be sure to check it out, he creates very good content related to blockchain.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer or if you want to translate your posts from English to Spanish..

You can clone the repo if you want..

Prerequisites.

Node.js installed.
you will need a Telegram account.

Creating Our Project.

open your terminal and type the following
mkdir node-telegram-tut
cd node-telegram-tut
npm init --y
code .

Dependencies

To install dependencies go to your project folder open a terminal and type the following.

npm i axios dotenv telegraf

Now go to your package.json and add this

  "scripts": {
    "start": "node ./src index.js"
  },

Project File Structure.

node-telegram-tut/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ └── index.js
├── .env
└── package.json

Table of Contents.

Setup the Telegram bot Token with BotFather
Coding our Bot
Creating our commands
Deploying it to Heroku
Conclusion

1. Setup the Telegram bot Token with BotFather

To start coding our bot we first need to search for BotFather bot, this one.

After adding it we will see a list of commands, let's click on /newbot you will be prompted to enter the name you wish to give to your bot. I named mine teletutbot, but you are free to call yours whatever you want, as long as the name is available.

After this you will receive a message with your token, now lets set a description for our bot with /setdescription, this way when you add the bot, you will see a message (like a welcome message) describing the bot's function.

Finally you can add a picture if you want with setuserpic, I used this one.

There are more commands to edit your bot, you can try them later.

2. Coding our Bot

Let's start coding our bot, first let's create a .env file in our project root folder, lets add a BOT_TOKEN var and assign it the token given to us by Botfather when we created our bot.

BOT_TOKEN = paste-the-token-here

Now in our index.js, import telegraf, axios and dotenv.

const { Telegraf } = require("telegraf");
const axios = require("axios");
require("dotenv").config();

Then create a bot object from Telegraf Class and pass the BOT_TOKEN.

const bot = new Telegraf(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);

Finally lets create our first bot command that will be /start and then use the launch() method.

bot.command("start", (ctx) => {
  bot.telegram.sendMessage(
    ctx.chat.id,
    "Welcome!!",
    { parse_mode: "html" }
  );
});

bot.launch()

Our code so far should look like this

const { Telegraf } = require("telegraf");
const axios = require("axios");
require("dotenv").config();

const bot = new Telegraf(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);

bot.command("start", (ctx) => {
  bot.telegram.sendMessage(
    ctx.chat.id,
    "Welcome!!",
    { parse_mode: "html" }
  );
});

bot.launch()

3. Creating our commands .

We don't want a bot just to say Welcome, so we need to create more commands, for this example I will create a /help command to get all the available commands, a /currencies command to get all the supported currencies and a /crypto_price to get the price of the selected cryptocurrency in the desired currency.

So let's start creating our /help command.

Let's call our bot object and use the command method, as I said before we're going to name this command help, we are going to use the sendMessage method from telegram api and we need to pass some parameters, there are two required parameters chat_id (extracted from the context) text and I will pass an optional parameter parse_mode to format the text a little bit.

bot.command("help", (ctx) => {
  bot.telegram.sendMessage(
    ctx.chat.id,
    "<b>Command list: </b>\n\n" +
    "<b><i>/currencies</i></b> to get all the suppported currencies. \n\n" +
    '<b><i>/crypto_price</i></b> to get the value of the cryptocurrency in another currency, to use it first type the "currency" and then the "cryptocurrency" e.g. (/crypto_price usd bitcoin), can also add more currencies and cryptos separating them with commas but without spaces e.g. (/crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum) \n\n' +
    "",
    { parse_mode: "html" }
  );
});

Now if you start your bot, and type /help you will get this as result.

Now let's create our /currencies command.

Let's go back to our code and create a new command, we will name it currencies, this will send a get request to the coingecko api and retrieve the supported currencies list.

I stored the res.data in a let that I named currencies, also wanted to send the currencies in bold, so I used a map method and returned each currency with *${currency}*, there are other ways to do it.

After that we are going to use again the sendMessage method, and this time wanted to show you that there are a Markdown parse mode. If you want to know more about it, please read the formatting options in the documentation.

bot.command("currencies", (ctx) => {
  axios.get("https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/supported_vs_currencies")
    .then((res) => {
      if (res) {
        let currencies = res.data;

        //bold currencies text
        let boldedCurrencies = currencies.map((currency) => {
          return `*${currency}*`;
        });

        //send boldedCurrencies and break line
        bot.telegram.sendMessage(
          ctx.chat.id,
          "Supported Currencies" + "\n" + boldedCurrencies.join("\n"),
          {parse_mode: "Markdown"}
        );
      }
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      console.log(error);
    });
});

If you try your /currencies command you should get something similar to this.

Finally we will create the /crypto_price command.

As we did before we will name our new command crypto_price.

For this one as a user we will send a message like this /crypto_price usd,eur bitcoin, so we will split the string by spaces with .split(" "). This should split the string into three parts, the first part will be the /crypto_price, second part usd,eur and third part bitcoin, so we will create two variables currencies and cryptoCurrencies, then we will assign the values respectively.

We need to create a conditional in case the user enters the data incorrectly, or in case the user does not send any data in the command. if this is the case we need to send the user a message, in this case I want him to remember how to use the command so i added an example.

Now we are going to make the GET request to the API, we also going to check if the object from the response is empty, if its empty its because there was a spelling error, or some of the data was misplaced. If this is the case we will answer again telling the user how to use the command.

We are getting the data like this .

data: {
    bitcoin: { usd: 21816, eur: 20872 },
    ethereum: { usd: 1177.46, eur: 1126.54 }
  }

So I chose to use a for loop inside another for loop to manipulate the data, then used again the parse_mode to format the text.

bot.command("crypto_price",  (ctx) => {
  let currencies = ctx.message.text.split(" ")[1];
  let cryptoCurrencies = ctx.message.text.split(" ")[2];

  if (cryptoCurrencies === undefined || currencies === undefined) {
    bot.telegram.sendMessage(
      ctx.chat.id,
      "Please enter the currency and the crypto currency you want to convert to, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (/crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum) .",
    );
    return;
  }

  axios
    .get(
      `https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=${cryptoCurrencies}&vs_currencies=${currencies}`
    )
    .then((res) => {
      if (res) {

        //if res is empty
        if (Object.keys(res.data).length === 0) {
          bot.telegram.sendMessage(
            ctx.chat.id,
            "Please enter the currency and the crypto currency you want to convert to, remember to separate them with commas but without spaces e.g. (/crypto_price usd,eur,btc bitcoin,ethereum) .",
          );
          return;
        }

        const response = res.data;

        for (let cryptoCurrency in response) {
          for (let currency in response[cryptoCurrency]) {
            bot.telegram.sendMessage(
              ctx.chat.id,
              `<b>${cryptoCurrency}</b> price in <b>${currency.toUpperCase()}</b> ➡️ <b>${response[cryptoCurrency][currency]}</b>`,
              {parse_mode: "html"}
            );
          }
        }

        return;
      } 
    })
    .catch((err) => {
      console.log(err);
    });
});

If you try /crypto_price command, you should get something like this.

4. Deploying it to Heroku .

we need to create a server.

In case you want to deploy this app, we need to create a server, so let's install express with this command npm i express and create a server in our index.js.

Remember to create a port constant and assign this process.env.PORT to it (heroku will give us a port value).

const express = require('express')

//initiaalization
const app = express()

const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;

app.listen(port, () => {
  console.log(`Server is running on port ${port}`);
})

create an account.

This is an easy step, just go to Heroku and click on sign up.

Fill the required fields and verify your account, then login and go to your apps and create a new one.

Choose a name for your new app and continue to the next part.

install Heroku CLI.

We are not going to add a pipeline, so we can skip that part. Now for the deployment method I will use Heroku CLI.

I'll use npm install -g heroku to install it, then we need to open a terminal and type heroku cli, and you will see this message.

Now let's login by clicking the button in our browser.

deploy.

Now lets follow the steps below, replace master by main or won't let you git push.

5. Conclusion .

We learned how to make a cryptocurrency telegram bot using telegraf and node.js.

I really hope you have been able to follow the post without any trouble, otherwise I apologize, please leave me your doubts or comments.

You can contact me by telegram if you need to hire a Full Stack developer.

You can also find me on discord as Appu#9136.

You can clone the repo if you want.

Thanks for your time.