The latest articles on DEV Community by Selvakumar S (@selvakumar). https://dev.to/selvakumar https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=90,height=90,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto/https:%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fprofile_image%2F1272909%2F796f1f87-bf6f-4234-8b2b-3cc832594575.jpg https://dev.to/selvakumar en Selvakumar S Fri, 30 Aug 2024 11:05:30 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-architecture-3pm2 https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-architecture-3pm2 <p><strong>Selenium is an open source, automated tool used to test web applications across various web browsers.</strong></p> <p>It can test all web applications against various we browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, etc.. and tests can be coded in several programming languages like Python, JAVA, Ruby, Perl..</p> <p><strong>Selenium Web Driver</strong></p> <p>Selenium Web Driver is an open - source library which is the key component of Selenium automation framework.</p> <p>It is used to automate the testing process of web applications in real time.</p> <p><strong>Selenium Architecture</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="334"></a></p> <ol> <li>Selenium IDE</li> </ol> <ul> <li><p>Stands for Integrated Development Environment</p></li> <li><p>A web - browser extension</p></li> <li><p>This extension allows us to record the entire automation process of a <br> web application.</p></li> <li><p>But it cannot run the automated test reports.</p></li> </ul> <ol> <li>Selenium Remote Control</li> </ol> <ul> <li><p>Comprises of client libraries, and a server that opens and terminates <br> the browser by default.</p></li> <li><p>In current versions of selenium Selenium remote control is outdated and <br> replaced by Selenium Web Driver.</p></li> </ul> <ol> <li>Selenium Web Driver</li> </ol> <ul> <li>An interface between the programming language (used for automation scripts) and web browser for the execution.</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2up1yks5sw1uns3361pr.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2up1yks5sw1uns3361pr.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="509"></a></p> <ul> <li>It is composed of </li> </ul> <p><em>Selenium Client Library</em></p> <p>The programming language commands to write automation scripts. </p> <p><em>Selenium API</em></p> <p>Set of rules and regulations which python uses for the automation <br> scripts.</p> <p><em>JASON Wire Protocal</em></p> <p>The automation scripts that we write gets converted into JASON and then <br> transmitted to web browser for execution of commands.</p> <p>It uses TCP-IP/http protocols.</p> <p><em>Browser Driver</em></p> <p>Acts as a connection between selenium scripts and web browser.</p> <p>Eg - <a href="http://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromedriver" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromedriver</a></p> <ol> <li>Selenium Grid</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Selenium Grid is used to run parallel tests on multiple devices running different browsers at the same time.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Python Virtual Environment</strong></p> <p>A place where we save our libraries by creating an isolated environment.</p> <p>It creates a self contained environment for each individual projects when we work on more than one project, allowing us to manage the dependencies independently without affecting each other.</p> <p><strong><em>Significance of Python Virtual Environment based on the example of working in multiple projects in real time</em></strong></p> <ul> <li>Isolation</li> </ul> <p>Provides an isolated environment for each project, preventing <br> dependency conflicts.</p> <ul> <li>Portability</li> </ul> <p>Allows us to move projects between systems.</p> <ul> <li>Efficiency</li> </ul> <p>It only install dependencies required for the specific project working <br> on, thus reducing resource storage.</p> <ul> <li>Reproducibility</li> </ul> <p>Provides a consistent virtual environment for each individual projects.</p> <ul> <li>Improved Security</li> </ul> <p>Provides a sandboxed environment, reducing the risk of compromising the <br> system wide python environment. </p> <ul> <li>Flexibility</li> </ul> <p>Allows us to use different versions of python and dependencies for each <br> project.</p> <ul> <li>Testing and Debugging</li> </ul> <p>Virtual environment provides a consistent environment for testing and <br> debugging, ensuring the consistent results in automation.</p> automation selenium python Selvakumar S Sun, 25 Aug 2024 09:29:01 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-3h6a https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-3h6a <p><strong>Selenium is an open source, automated tool used to test web applications across various web browsers.</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" alt="Image description" width="512" height="318"></a></p> <p><strong><em>Selenium is used widely as a testing tool for the following reasons:</em></strong></p> <p>Selenium is is easy to use as it is primarily developed in JavaScript.</p> <p>It can test all web applications against various we browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, etc..</p> <p>Tests can be coded in several programming languages like Python, JAVA, Ruby, Perl..</p> <p>One of the main uniqueness of Selenium is - It is platform Independent, meaning it can deploy on Windows, Linux, etc..</p> <p>It can also be integrated with other tools like Junit and TestNG for test management.</p> <p>Selenium has a dedicated suite that facilitates easy testing of web applications.</p> <p><strong>Components of Selenium</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="334"></a></p> <p><strong>Advantages of Selenium testing:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" alt="Image description" width="605" height="313"></a></p> <ol> <li><p>Selenium has proven to be accurate with results and thus making it extremely reliable.</p></li> <li><p>Since it is an Open - Source, anyone willing to learn testing can begin at no cost.</p></li> <li><p>It supports a broad spectrum of programming languages like python, PHP, JAVA, etc..</p></li> <li><p>Selenium has plenty of re-usability and add-ons. </p></li> </ol> automation selenium python Selvakumar S Sun, 25 Aug 2024 09:29:01 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-1k7p https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-1k7p <p><strong>Selenium is an open source, automated tool used to test web applications across various web browsers.</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" alt="Image description" width="512" height="318"></a></p> <p><strong><em>Selenium is used widely as a testing tool for the following reasons:</em></strong></p> <p>Selenium is is easy to use as it is primarily developed in JavaScript.</p> <p>It can test all web applications against various we browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, etc..</p> <p>Tests can be coded in several programming languages like Python, JAVA, Ruby, Perl..</p> <p>One of the main uniqueness of Selenium is - It is platform Independent, meaning it can deploy on Windows, Linux, etc..</p> <p>It can also be integrated with other tools like Junit and TestNG for test management.</p> <p>Selenium has a dedicated suite that facilitates easy testing of web applications.</p> <p><strong>Components of Selenium</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="334"></a></p> <p><strong>Advantages of Selenium testing:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" alt="Image description" width="605" height="313"></a></p> <ol> <li><p>Selenium has proven to be accurate with results and thus making it extremely reliable.</p></li> <li><p>Since it is an Open - Source, anyone willing to learn testing can begin at no cost.</p></li> <li><p>It supports a broad spectrum of programming languages like python, PHP, JAVA, etc..</p></li> <li><p>Selenium has plenty of re-usability and add-ons. </p></li> </ol> automation selenium python Selvakumar S Sun, 25 Aug 2024 09:29:01 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-425b https://dev.to/selvakumar/selenium-425b <p><strong>Selenium is an open source, automated tool used to test web applications across various web browsers.</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fwtj6v1vkz7mjcu5jqy5j.jpg" alt="Image description" width="512" height="318"></a></p> <p><strong><em>Selenium is used widely as a testing tool for the following reasons:</em></strong></p> <p>Selenium is is easy to use as it is primarily developed in JavaScript.</p> <p>It can test all web applications against various we browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, etc..</p> <p>Tests can be coded in several programming languages like Python, JAVA, Ruby, Perl..</p> <p>One of the main uniqueness of Selenium is - It is platform Independent, meaning it can deploy on Windows, Linux, etc..</p> <p>It can also be integrated with other tools like Junit and TestNG for test management.</p> <p>Selenium has a dedicated suite that facilitates easy testing of web applications.</p> <p><strong>Components of Selenium</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4iaf682lr8xro7m9p6l0.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="334"></a></p> <p><strong>Advantages of Selenium testing:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4ptyqe6saqrxt71f6xn8.png" alt="Image description" width="605" height="313"></a></p> <ol> <li><p>Selenium has proven to be accurate with results and thus making it extremely reliable.</p></li> <li><p>Since it is an Open - Source, anyone willing to learn testing can begin at no cost.</p></li> <li><p>It supports a broad spectrum of programming languages like python, PHP, JAVA, etc..</p></li> <li><p>Selenium has plenty of re-usability and add-ons. </p></li> </ol> automation selenium python Selvakumar S Mon, 15 Jul 2024 06:24:37 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/software-testing-1ba1 https://dev.to/selvakumar/software-testing-1ba1 <p><strong>Software</strong><br> Set of instructions, data or programs used to execute specific tasks.</p> <p><em>Types of Software</em></p> <ul> <li><p>System Software<br> Connects hardware and application<br> Eg: OS(Windows, Linux, Mac, etc..)</p></li> <li><p>Utility Software<br> For Security and Optimization<br> Eg: Antivirus Software(Avast, Windows Defender)</p></li> <li> <p>Application Software</p> <ol> <li>Web apps</li> <li>Mobile apps</li> </ol> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Software Testing</strong><br> Process of verifying the functionality of a software product or apps to ensure they meet expected requirements and are free from defects.<br> Eg: Gmail - to communicate through emails.</p> <p><strong>Types of Software Testing</strong></p> <ol> <li><p>Manual Testing<br> Testers manually test each and every test cases without using automation tool.</p></li> <li><p>Automation Testing<br> Testers will test the application using automation tools like Selenium..</p></li> </ol> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fcpcv5g7e4uikhlbf7f7w.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fcpcv5g7e4uikhlbf7f7w.png" alt="Image description" width="623" height="435"></a></p> <p><strong>Relevance of Software Testing</strong></p> <ul> <li><p>Testing helps identify defects early in the development process</p></li> <li><p>It ensures adheres to standards, regulations, and compliance requirements.</p></li> <li><p>Improved software quality</p></li> <li><p>Enhanced customer satisfaction</p></li> <li><p>Increased Security and better performance</p></li> </ul> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fb3sdc133qhykrdr42t8h.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fb3sdc133qhykrdr42t8h.jpg" alt="Image description" width="800" height="663"></a></p> python automation software testing Selvakumar S Wed, 21 Feb 2024 05:21:32 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/an-overview-of-manual-testing-42f0 https://dev.to/selvakumar/an-overview-of-manual-testing-42f0 <p>Manual testing is a software testing process in which a developed software is tested on its specific evaluations of a feature, function, or performance—are executed without using any automated tools.<br> Any deviation from the expected behavior is considered as a defect in the software.</p> <p><em>Objective</em></p> <p>The main objective of manual testing is to detect the issues, bugs, and defects of a software application.</p> <p><em>Types</em></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fi5sv0av6yrwqfsx24dks.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fi5sv0av6yrwqfsx24dks.png" alt="Image description" width="439" height="312"></a></p> <p><em>1. Black box Testing</em></p> <p>Methods in which the functionalities of a software applications are tested without having knowledge of internal code structure, implementation details and internal paths.</p> <ul> <li>Functional Testing</li> </ul> <p>A type of testing that seeks to establish whether each application feature works as per the software requirements.</p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fjbz0q0ygxza1ru1hui2l.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fjbz0q0ygxza1ru1hui2l.jpg" alt="Image description" width="700" height="291"></a></p> <ul> <li>Non-Functional Testing</li> </ul> <p>A type of software testing that verifies non functional aspects of the product, such as performance, stability, and usability.</p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fm4qwiezn1ps5vbgy9loi.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fm4qwiezn1ps5vbgy9loi.png" alt="Image description" width="800" height="525"></a></p> <p><em>2. White Box Testing</em></p> <p>White box testing is a form of application testing that provides the tester with complete knowledge of the application being tested, including access to source code and design documents.</p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F7yoswd5efe3x7q899h73.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F7yoswd5efe3x7q899h73.png" alt="Image description" width="800" height="480"></a></p> <ol> <li>Gray Box Testing</li> </ol> <p>In gray box testing, the tester is not required to design test cases. Instead, test cases are created based on algorithms that evaluate internal states, program behavior, and application architecture knowledge.</p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4f6jizdsfchrws0vurxn.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F4f6jizdsfchrws0vurxn.png" alt="Image description" width="800" height="202"></a></p> <p><strong><em>Advantages of Manual Testing</em></strong></p> <ol> <li><p>No Environment Limitations</p></li> <li><p>Programming Knowledge is not required.</p></li> <li><p>Recommendable for Dynamically changing GUI designs.</p></li> <li><p>Recommendable for Usability Testing.</p></li> <li><p>Manual testing allows for human observation, which may be more <br> useful to find potential defects.</p></li> <li><p>Uses human intelligence to find errors.</p></li> <li><p>It helps to maintain a testable system</p></li> </ol> <p><em><strong>Disadvantages of Manual Testing</strong></em></p> <ol> <li><p>Manual Testing requires more time or more resources, sometimes <br> both Time and Resources.</p></li> <li><p>Less Accuracy.</p></li> <li><p>Performance testing is impractical in Manual testing.</p></li> <li><p>Comparing a large amount of data is impractical.</p></li> <li><p>Processing change requests during software maintenance takes <br> more time.</p></li> <li><p>Batch Testing is possible, but for each test execution, Human <br> user interaction is mandatory.</p></li> <li><p>GUI Objects Size difference and Color combinations etc.. are <br> not easy to find in Manual Testing.</p></li> <li><p>Manual Test Case scope is very less, if it is an Automated test <br> then the scope is more.</p></li> <li><p>Executing the same tests, again and again, is time taking <br> process as well as Tedious.</p></li> <li><p>For every release you must rerun the same set of tests which <br> can be tiresome.</p></li> </ol> manualtesting softwaretesting Selvakumar S Mon, 19 Feb 2024 18:07:02 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/difference-between-functional-and-non-functional-testing-1aim https://dev.to/selvakumar/difference-between-functional-and-non-functional-testing-1aim <p><em><strong>Functional testing</strong></em></p> <ol> <li><p>It is a type of software testing in which the system is tested against the functional requirements and specifications. </p></li> <li><p>Functional testing ensures that the requirements or specifications are properly satisfied by the application. </p></li> <li><p>This type of testing is particularly concerned with the result of processing. It focuses on simulation of actual system usage but does not develop any system structure assumptions. </p></li> <li><p>It is basically defined as a type of testing which verifies that each function of the software application works in conformance with the requirement and specification. </p></li> <li><p>This testing is not concerned about the source code of the application. </p></li> <li><p>Each functionality of the software application is tested by providing appropriate test input, expecting the output and comparing the actual output with the expected output. </p></li> </ol> <p><em>Types of Functional testing</em></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fl7h4lmiuskasuwtaxbpf.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fl7h4lmiuskasuwtaxbpf.jpg" alt="Image description" width="700" height="291"></a></p> <p><em><strong>Non Functional testing</strong></em></p> <ol> <li><p>It is a type of software testing that is performed to verify the non-functional requirements of the application. </p></li> <li><p>It verifies whether the behavior of the system is as per the requirement or not. </p></li> <li><p>It tests all the aspects which are not tested in functional testing. </p></li> <li><p>Non-functional testing is defined as a type of software testing to check non-functional aspects of a software application. </p></li> <li><p>It is designed to test the readiness of a system as per nonfunctional parameters which are never addressed by functional testing.</p></li> </ol> <p><em>Types of Non-Functional testing</em></p> <p><a href="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fsznufs9l53fg44f4j5rz.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media.dev.to/cdn-cgi/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fsznufs9l53fg44f4j5rz.png" alt="Image description" width="800" height="525"></a></p> Selvakumar S Mon, 19 Feb 2024 17:43:45 +0000 https://dev.to/selvakumar/an-overlook-of-test-case-design-techniques-449n https://dev.to/selvakumar/an-overlook-of-test-case-design-techniques-449n <p><strong>Test Case</strong><br> A test case is a document, which contains test data, preconditions, expected results, developed for a particular test scenario in order to verify compliance against a specific requirement. </p> <p><strong>Test Case Design Techniques:</strong><br> Test case design techniques are generally used to write effective test cases for better coverage of testing a software.</p> <ul> <li>Boundary Value Analysis</li> <li>Equivalence Class Portitioning</li> <li>Decision Table </li> <li>Error Guessing </li> <li>State Transition</li> </ul> <p><strong>Boundary Value Analysis</strong><br> The process of testing between extreme ends or boundaries between partitions of input values.</p> <p>Example</p> <p>Test cases for input box accepting numbers between 1 and 1000 using Boundary value Analysis</p> <ol> <li>Test cases with test data exactly as the input boundaries of input domain i.e. 1 and 1000</li> <li>Test data with the values below the extreme edges of input domains i.e. 0 and 999</li> <li>Test data with the values above the extreme edges of input domains i.e.2 and 1001</li> </ol> <p><strong><em>Decision Table Testing</em></strong><br> A software testing technique with a tabular representation of input versus rule/cases/test conditions. </p> <p>Example:</p> <p>The condition is simple if the user provides correct username and password the user will be redirected to the homepage. If any of the input is false, an “error ” will be displayed.</p> <p><strong><em>Use Case Testing</em></strong></p> <p>Use case testing is a functional testing technique that helps in identifying and testing scenarios on the whole system or doing start-to-end transactions. </p> <p>It helps to identify the gaps in software that might not be identified by testing individual components.</p> <p>It is used to develop test cases at the system level or acceptance level.</p> <p>Features: </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>User-focused Approach Scenario-Based Testing Requirements Validation </code></pre> </div> <p>Benefits of Use Case Testing:</p> <p>Use case testing provides some functionality that is used to help to develop a software project. </p> <p>These are given below:</p> <p>• Helps manage complexity: Use case-driven analysis that helps manage complexity since it focuses on one specific usage aspect at a time.</p> <p>• Testing from the user’s perspective: Use cases are designed from the user’s perspective. Thus, use case testing is done from the user’s perspective and helps to uncover the issues related to the user experience.</p> <p>• Reduced complexity of test cases: The complexity of the test cases will be reduced as the testing team will follow the path given in the use case document.</p> <p>• Test functional requirements: Use cases help to capture the functional requirements of a system. Thus, use case testing tests the functional requirements of the system.</p> <p>• Starts from a simple view of the system: Use cases start from the simple view of the system and are used primarily for the users.</p> <p>Use case testing is an essential part of a thorough software testing strategy since it provides an extra degree of assurance that the program not only satisfies technical requirements but also easily complies to user expectations.</p> <p><strong><em>LCSAJ Testing</em></strong><br> Linear Code Sequence and jump(LCSAJ) – that is, requires access to the source code, and presents results with reference to that source code and used to identify structural units in code under test.</p> <p><em>Components of LCSAJ Testing</em></p> <p>• Start of the segment, which can be a branch or the start of the program</p> <p>• End of the segment, which can be the end of a branch or the end of the program</p> <p>• A specific target line</p> <p>Example - Consider if there is a simple program the testing starts from first line and ends wherever the condition ends. The sequential flow of testing breaks when there is a control flow statement. After sequencing the control flow statement then the flow breaks and attends the last line of the segment.</p>