DEV Community: Urooz Fatima

Anagram Checker Using HashMap

Urooz Fatima — Wed, 04 Mar 2026 10:28:24 +0000

Two strings are anagrams if they have the same length, contain the same characters, and each character appears the same number of times. The implementation uses a HashMap to count character frequencies efficiently.

Approach:

If the lengths of both strings are different, return false. Use a HashMap to store the frequency of characters from the first string. Traverse the second string: if a character is not found in the map, return false. Otherwise, decrease its frequency. If the frequency becomes zero, remove the character from the map. If the map is empty at the end, the strings are anagrams.

ENCAPSULATION

Urooz Fatima — Sun, 14 Sep 2025 15:23:40 +0000

Encapsulation means binding data and functions together, and restricting direct access to the data.

Encapsulation = wrapping data (variables) + code (functions) together inside a class.
The data is kept safe/hidden from outside and only accessible through specific functions (like getters and setters).
This helps in security, control, and organization.

CODE

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Movieticket{
private:
    string moviename;
    int ticketprice;
    int seatsavailable;
public:
    void setdetail(){
        cout<<"Movie: ";
        cin>>moviename;
        cout<<"Ticket Price: ";
        cin>>ticketprice;
        cout<<"Avaialable seats: ";
        cin>>seatsavailable;
    }
   void Booking(int n){
        if(n<=seatsavailable){
            cout<<"Booking "<<n<<" tickets..."<<endl;
            seatsavailable-=n; 
            cout<<"Booking successful!❣️ <3"<<endl;
        }else{
            cout<<"Sorry,only " <<seatsavailable<<" seats available!"<<endl;
        }
    }
    void available(){
        cout<<"Available seats: "<<seatsavailable<<endl;
    }
};

int main(){
    Movieticket m;
    m.setdetail();
    int n;
    cout<<"How many tickets do you want to book?";
    cout<<endl;
    cin>>n;
    m.Booking(n);
    m.available();
}

OOPs

Urooz Fatima — Thu, 11 Sep 2025 18:10:03 +0000

OOP is a way to write programs by using objects, like things in real life.
Object = Data + Actions
It makes programs easy to understand and reuse.

Four important Ideas:

Encapsulation – Keep data and actions together.
Abstraction – Show only important things, hide the rest.
Inheritance – New objects can use old object’s stuff.
Polymorphism– Objects can do the same action in different ways.

Example: Car
Data: color, speed
Actions: start(), stop(), accelerate()

Class and Object

A class is like a blueprint or template for making objects.
It tells what data the object will have and what actions/functions it can do.
But by itself, a class is not a real object—it’s just the plan.

Example:

Class = Car (the blueprint)
Object = myCar (a real car made from the blueprint)
In short:
Class = Plan
Object = Thing made from that plan
class Classname{ access specifier: data member; member function(){}; };