Implement Advanced Chart Types like Heatmaps and Contour Plots

Introduction

This tutorial will explore implementing advanced chart types like Heatmaps and Contour plots using ToolJet’s Chart Component. ToolJet provides excellent tools for visualizing complex datasets. By the end of this tutorial, you will learn how to integrate these sophisticated visualizations into your applications. Heatmaps and contour plots are invaluable for revealing patterns and gradients in data. Let's dive into the steps to create these visual elements efficiently.

Prerequisites:

• ToolJet: An open-source, low-code platform for quickly building and deploying internal tools. Sign up for a free ToolJet cloud account here.
• Basic understanding of JavaScript: Familiarity with JavaScript concepts will help you follow the tutorial more effectively.

Here’s what our final application will look like:

For this tutorial, we will use temperature variations during different times of the day across the week for London and Paris.

The weather data will be stored in two tables in the ToolJet Database.

Designing the UI

Creating a user-friendly UI is pretty straightforward with the help of ToolJet’s built-in components.

Let’s start by creating the header.

1. Adding the Header

• Drag and drop the Text Component from the components library on the canvas.
• Rename the Text Component to headerText, and change the Data property to London and Paris Weather Analysis.
• In the Styles section, change the font size to 28 and the font weight to bold.

2. Adding the Chart Component

Since we will analyse the data through Charts, we will use ToolJet’s Chart Component.

• Drag and drop a Chart component from the Components library.
• Select the Chart component, rename it to heatmapChart and enable Plotly JSON Chart Schema, and in the JSON Description section.
• Add the following code for a placeholder chart:

{
    "data": [
        {
            "z": [[1, 20, 30], [20, 1, 60], [30, 60, 1]],
            "x": ["Experiment 1", "Experiment 2", "Experiment 3"],
            "y": ["Trial 1", "Trial 2", "Trial 3"],
            "type": "heatmap"
        }
    ]
}

• This will create a placeholder heatmap based on the data provided above. In the later sections of the tutorial, we will be able to create a heatmap based on our own data.

• Next, drag and drop another Chart component next to the heatmap. Since this will be a contour, rename it to countourChart.
• Enable the Plotly JSON Chart Schema and provide the following JSON Description:

{
"data": [
    {
      "x": [1, 2, 3, 4],
      "y": [1, 2, 3, 4],
      "z": [[1, 2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 4, 5], [3, 4, 5, 6], [4, 5, 6, 7]],
      "type": "contour"
    }
  ]
}

• You should now see a contour plot next to the heatmap.

To know more about the examples available for the Chart component, visit ToolJet’s documentation for Charts.

The UI is now ready. It’s time to display some actual data through Heatmaps and Contours.

Analysing Data through Heatmap and Contour Plot

Let’s fetch London’s temperature variation data from our londonWeather DB and displaying it through the Heatmap. Here are the steps to implement it.

1. Fetching the Data for the Heatmap

• Expand the Query Panel at the bottom of the screen and create a new query - rename it to fetchLondonWeather.
• Select londonWeather as the Table name and List rows as the Operations.
• To ensure that the query runs every time the application loads, in the Settings property toggle, Run this query on application load?
• Click the Run button to see the data fetched from your londonWeather database.

2. Creating RunJS Query to Display the Data on the Heatmap

As we can now fetch our data, we must convert it into the format that the heatmap accepts.

• Expand the Query Panel, create a new Run JavaScript Code query, and rename it to heatmap.
• In the code editor, paste the following code:

//run the fetchLondonWeather query
await queries.fetchLondonWeather.run();
//get data from the fetchLondonWeather query
const data = queries.fetchLondonWeather.getData();

function convertDataToHeatmapJSON(data) {
    // Assuming each object has a time_day label and each weekday as a key
    const days = ['monday', 'tuesday', 'wednesday', 'thursday', 'friday'];
    const times = data.map(item => item.time);
    const z = data.map(item =>
        days.map(day => item[day]) // Construct rows for each time slot
    );

    // Constructing the Plotly JSON
    const plotlyJSON = {
            x: days.map(day => day.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + day.slice(1)), // Capitalize day names
            y: times,
            z: z,
      type: 'heatmap',
    };

    return plotlyJSON;
}

const heatmapJSON = convertDataToHeatmapJSON(data);

const heatmapData = JSON.stringify(heatmapJSON); //converting the data to string

return heatmapData;

The JavaScript code above converts the data fetched from the londonWeather database to a Plotly JSON Chart Schema for a heatmap.

• Click on the Run button to see the data formatted to three axes, named x, y and z.
• Next, in the JSON Description of the heatmapChart component, replace “data” value with {{queries.heatmap.data}}.
• If you follow the above steps correctly, you can see the data displayed via heatmap.

To make the heatmap more descriptive, replace the Title from the properties panel with London.

We will use similar data for a different city, Paris, to implement a contour plot. As mentioned in the tutorial, our data is stored in the parisWeather DB.

3. Fetching the Data for the Contour Plot

To fetch the data for Paris, we need to follow the similar steps mentioned in Step 1.

• Expand the Query Panel, create a new ToolJet Database query, and rename it to fetchParisWeather.
• Select parisWeather as the Table name and List rows as the Operations. Also, toggle the Run this query on application load?.
• Click the Run button to see the data fetched from your parisWeather database.

4. Creating RunJS Query to Display the Data on the Contour Plot

Now that we can fetch our data, we must convert it into the format the contour plot accepts.

• Expand the Query Panel, create a new Run JavaScript Code query, and rename it to contour.
• In the code editor, paste the following code:

//run the fetchParisWeather query
await queries.fetchParisWeather.run();
//get data from the fetchDataParis query
const data = queries.fetchParisWeather.getData();

function convertToContourPlotJSON(data) {
    // Extract unique days and times assuming data is sorted by time
    const days = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday'];
    const times = data.map(item => item.time);

    // Construct the z matrix
    const z = data.map(item =>
        days.map(day => item[day.toLowerCase()]) // Access day values; ensure day keys are in lowercase
    );

    // Constructing the Plotly JSON for a contour plot
    const plotlyJSON = {
            x: days,   // Day labels
            y: times,  // Time labels
            z: z,     // Matrix of values
            type: 'contour',
    };

    return plotlyJSON;
}

const contourPlotJSON = convertToContourPlotJSON(data);

const contourData = JSON.stringify(contourPlotJSON); //converting the data to string

return contourData;

The JavaScript code above converts the data fetched from the parisWeather table to a Plotly JSON Chart Schema for a contour plot.

• Click on the Run button to see the data.
• Next, in the JSON Description of the contourChart component, replace “data” value with {{queries.contour.data}}.
• Following the above steps correctly, you can see the data displayed via a contour plot.

Let’s update the Title of the contourChart Component to Paris.

Congratulations!

Awesome job completing this tutorial on Implementing Advanced Chart Types like Heatmaps and Contour Plots. This tutorial gives us an overview of using different chart types available on ToolJet to analyse data. To continue exploring other Chart options available on ToolJet, check out the ToolJet docs on charts.