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survey structure and content. The survey exemplifies a way to measure health care users' satisfaction with imagined courses of health care and wish to complain, taking into account their characteristics.BACKGROUND The posterior regions of the jaws usually represent a significant risk for implant surgery. A non-valid assessment of the available bone height may lead to either perforation of the maxillary sinus floor or encroachment of the inferior alveolar nerve and consequently to implant failure. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of surgeon's decision in appraising the appropriate implant length, in respect to vital anatomical structures, using panoramic radiographs. METHODS Only implants that are inserted in relation to the maxillary sinus (MS) or the mandibular canal (MC) were enrolled (first premolars [1P], second premolars [2P], first molars [1M], and second molars [2M]). All preoperative panoramic radiographs were evaluated under standard conditions. The postoperative estimation (under/over) was determined depending on the available bone height (ABH) measured from the apical end of the implant to the floor of the MS and the roof of the MC using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Any compli, and the minor associated complications.BACKGROUND NTP42 is a novel antagonist of the thromboxane prostanoid receptor (TP), currently in development for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH is a devastating disease with multiple pathophysiological hallmarks including excessive pulmonary vasoconstriction, vascular remodelling, inflammation, fibrosis, in situ thrombosis and right ventricular hypertrophy. Signalling through the TP, thromboxane (TX) A2 is a potent vasoconstrictor and mediator of platelet aggregation. It is also a pro-mitogenic, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic agent. Moreover, the TP also mediates the adverse actions of the isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, a free-radical-derived product of arachidonic acid produced in abundance during oxidative injury. Mechanistically, TP antagonists should treat most of the hallmarks of PAH, including inhibiting the excessive vasoconstriction and pulmonary artery remodelling, in situ thrombosis, inflammation and fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of NTP4athophysiology of PAH, representing a novel therapeutic target with marked benefits over existing standard-of-care therapies.BACKGROUND Children are especially vulnerable to pneumonia and the effects of air pollution. However, little is known about the impacts of air pollutants on pediatric admissions for Mycoplasma pneumonia. This study was conducted to investigate the impacts of air pollutants on pediatric hospital admissions for Mycoplasma pneumonia in Shanghai, China. METHODS A cross-sectional design was applied to explore the association between pediatric hospital admissions and levels of air pollutants (fine particulate matter, particulate matter, ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide). Data on hospital admissions for pneumonia and levels of ambient air pollutants were obtained for the period of 2015 to 2018. Associations between pediatric admissions for Mycoplasma pneumonia and ambient air pollutants were calculated using logistic regression and described by the odds ratio and relevant 95% confidence interval. The hysteresis effects of air pollutants from the day of hospital admission to the previous 7spitalization for Mycoplasma pneumonia in Shanghai, China. These findings imply that the high incidence of Mycoplasma pneumonia in children in Asia might be attributed to the high concentration of specific air pollutants in Asia.BACKGROUND This study evaluated the minimal invasiveness, safety, and accuracy of robot-assisted pedicle screw placement procedure using a modified tracer fixation device. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to conventional fixation group (25 patients) and modified fixation group (27 patients). RESULTS No baseline statistical difference was observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The length of unnecessary incision, amount of bleeding, and fixation duration for tracer fixation respectively were 6.08 ± 1.02 mm, 1.46 ± 0.84 ml, and 1.56 ± 0.32 min in the modified fixation group and 40.28 ± 8.52 mm, 12.02 ± 2.24 ml, and 5.08 ± 1.06 min in the conventional group. The difference between both groups was significant (P  0.05). CONCLUSIONS The modified minimally invasive procedure for tracer fixation results in minimal trauma and is simple, reliable, and highly safe. Additionally, the procedure does not compromise the accuracy of pedicle screw placement. Thus, it has great clinical applicable value. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Registration number, ChiCTR1800016680; Registration Date, 15/06/2018.BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is often diagnosed in advanced stage. Aim of this study was to analyse the influence of resection margins and tumor distance to the liver capsule on survival and recurrence in a single center with a high number of extended resections. METHODS From January 2008 to June 2018 data of all patients with ICC were collected and further analysed with Kaplan Meier Model, Cox regression or Chi2 test for categorical data. RESULTS Out of 210 included patients 150 underwent curative intended resection (71.4%). Most patients required extended resections (n = 77; 51.3%). selleck chemicals R0-resection was achieved in 131 patients (87.3%) with minimal distances to the resection margin > 1 cm in 22, 0.5-1 cm in 11, 0.1-0.5 cm in 49 patients, and  50%). Wide margins, narrow margins and even R1 resections showed a significant benefit over the irresectable group. Therefore, extended resections should be performed, even if only narrow margins can be achieved.BACKGROUND International studies provide evidence of an association between child disabilities, including hearing impairment (HI), and child maltreatment. There are high prevalences of ear disease with associated HI, and child maltreatment among Australian Aboriginal children, but the link between HI and child maltreatment is unknown. This study investigates the association between HI and child maltreatment for Aboriginal children living in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of 3895 Aboriginal school-aged children (born between 1999 and 2008) living in remote NT communities. The study used linked individual-level information from health, education and child protection services. The outcome variables were child maltreatment notifications and substantiations. The key explanatory variable, HI, was based on audiometric assessment. The Kaplan-Meier estimator method was used in univariate analysis; Cox proportional hazards regression was used in multivariable analysis.selleck chemicals