Laboratories of Education: Paideia and the Crisis of Polish Schools

This text offers an in-depth reflection on the state of Polish education, seeking a remedy for its crisis in the richness of classical educational systems. The author goes beyond the framework of Western paideia, analyzing Islamic adab, Jewish chavruta, and the Confucian system of keju as unique laboratories for shaping the human person. The article argues that contemporary schools have lost the ability to transform individuals into conscious citizens and individuals with formed characters. By invoking the structures of the trivium and quadrivium and modern tools such as the Toulmin model, the publication outlines a vision of integral education that combines intellectual rigor with moral education, offering concrete paths out of the current pedagogical impasse.