The pooled incidence of preterm birth in China was 6.09% (95% CI 5.86% to 6.31%) but has been steadily increasing from 5.36% (95% CI 4.89% to 5.84%) in 1990-1994 to 7.04% (95% CI 6.09% to 7.99%) in 2015-2016. The annual rate of increase was about 1.05% (95% CI 0.85% to 1.21%). Northwest China appeared to have the highest preterm birth rate (7.3%, 95% CI 4.92% to 9.68% from 1990 to 2016).
The incidence of preterm birth in China has been rising gradually in the past three decades. It was 7% in 2016. Preterm birth rate varied by region with the West having the highest occurrence.
The incidence of preterm birth in China has been rising gradually in the past three decades. It was 7% in 2016. Preterm birth rate varied by region with the West having the highest occurrence.
To investigate whether cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with back pain change with age and extend into later life.
British birth cohort study.
England, Scotland and Wales.
Up to 3426 men and women from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development.
Back pain (sciatica, lumbago or recurring/severe backache all or most of the time) was self-reported during nurse interviews at ages 36, 43, 53 and 60-64 years and in a postal questionnaire using a body manikin at age 68.
Findings from mixed-effects logistic regression models indicated that higher BMI was consistently associated with increased odds of back pain across adulthood. Sex-adjusted ORs of back pain per 1 SD increase in BMI were 1.13 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.26), 1.11 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.23), 1.17 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.30), 1.31 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.48) and 1.08 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.24) at ages 36, 43, 53, 60-64 and 68-69, respectively. Similar patterns of associations were observed for WC. These associations were maintained when potential confounders, including education, occupational class, height, cigarette smoking status, physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and depression were accounted for. BMI showed stronger associations than WC in models including both measures.
These findings demonstrate that higher BMI is a persistent risk factor for back pain across adulthood. This highlights the potential lifelong consequences on back pain of the rising prevalence of obesity within the population.
These findings demonstrate that higher BMI is a persistent risk factor for back pain across adulthood. This highlights the potential lifelong consequences on back pain of the rising prevalence of obesity within the population.
Respiratory distress syndrome is a condition seen in preterm infants primarily due to surfactant insufficiency. European guidelines recommend the dose and method of surfactant administration. However, in routine practice, clinicians often use a 'whole vial' approach to surfactant dosing. The aim of this study is to assess whether in preterm infants of gestational age 36
weeks
or less, a low first dose of surfactant (100-130 mg/kg) compared with a high first dose (170-200 mg/kg) affects survival with no mechanical ventilation on either on postnatal days 3 and 4, and other outcomes.
In this prospective, observational study, we will use the National Neonatal Research Database as the main data source. We will obtain additional information describing the dose and method of surfactant administration through the neonatal EPR system. We will use propensity scores to form matched groups with low first dose and high first dose for comparison.
This study was approved by the West Midlands-Black Country Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 18/WM/0132; IRAS project ID 237111). The results of the research will be made publicly available through presentations at local, national or international conferences and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
NCT03808402; Pre-results.
NCT03808402; Pre-results.
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading contributor to disability globally. Self-management is a core component of LBP management. We aimed to synthesise published qualitative literature concerning digital health interventions (DHIs) to support LBP self-management to (1) determine engagement strategies, (2) identify barriers and facilitators affecting patient uptake/utilisation and (3) develop a preliminary conceptual model of barriers and facilitators to uptake/utilisation.
Systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, DoPHER, TRoPHI, Web of Science and OT Seeker, from January 2000 to December 2018, using the concepts LBP, DHI and self-management.
Peer-reviewed qualitative study (or component) examining engagement with, or barriers and/or facilitators to the uptake/utilisation of an interactive DHI for self-management of LBP in adults (community, primary or secondary care settings).
Sof a DHI for LBP self-management.
We highlight key barriers and facilitators that should be considered when designing DHIs for LBP self-management. Our findings are in keeping with reviews of DHIs for other long-term conditions, implying these findings may not be condition specific.
A protocol for this systematic review was registered with https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ (CRD42016051182) on 10 November 2016. https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42016051182.
A protocol for this systematic review was registered with https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ (CRD42016051182) on 10 November 2016. https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42016051182.
To estimate the prevalence and predictors of obesity among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.
Cross-sectional study.
Private and public secondary schools.
Adolescents aged 13-19 years; 434 (46.6%) from private schools and 498 (53.4%) from public schools.
Self-report questionnaires were used to assess adolescents' sociodemographic factors, fruit/vegetable (F/V) intake and physical activity. Participants' weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and body fat percentage (%BF) were measured, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Overweight/obesity was determined by BMI ≥85th percentile for age, abdominal obesity (AO) (WC, WHtR and WHR) and %BF.
A total of 34.7% of participants were overweight/obese (BMI ≥85th percentile) and 378 (40.6%) had high %BF. AO was noted in 47.3%, 22.7% and 27.1% of participants, based on WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. SPHK inhibitor Significantly more participants from public schools were overweight/obese (37.SPHK inhibitor
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