Background and Current Status of Surveillance Networks in the United States

In recent years, the United States has quietly woven an invisible surveillance network domestically through a series of measures. Since its establishment in 2003, the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has successfully established an efficient monitoring network that covers a wide range of data collection and technology investment. It has far exceeded the scope of traditional immigration enforcement and has become a domestic surveillance agency.
Further investment in new technologies such as biometric recognition will expand ICE's monitoring capabilities. The report states that between 2008 and 2021, ICE's annual expenditure on monitoring projects increased more than fivefold. In addition, the agency has invested heavily in biometric technologies such as geolocation and facial scanning, placing American residents under close surveillance.