Another solution (that already includes the generic solution):
type State = Sick | Healthy | Quarantine type Head<T extends Array<any>> = T extends [infer H, ...any[]] ? H : never type GetByState<Patients extends Patient[], S extends State, Acc extends Patient[] = []> = Patients['length'] extends 0 ? Acc : Head<Patients> extends S & Patient ? GetByState<Shift<Patients>, S, Unshift<Head<Patients>, Acc>> : GetByState<Shift<Patients>, S, Acc> type GetSick<Patients extends Patient[]> = GetByState<Patients, Sick>
playground
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Another solution (that already includes the generic solution):
playground