PYTHON SELENIUM

Python selenium archtecture is a layered system that allows developers to automate web browsers using the selenium webdriver APL.

1. Client Layer(Test Script Layer)

*Languages supported:
selenium supports multiple languages like python,java,c#, ruby,and javaScriot, in our case Python is used.

*Bindings:
The python bindings are wrappers that translate python commands into http requests understood by webdriver.

1. Selenium web driver API

• webdriver is an interface that defines a set method for iterfacing with browsers (.get(),.click(),.send_keys(),etc.)
• The webdriver API is language independent. Whenusing python,python binding convert method calls to JSON over HTTP.

1. JSON wire protocol/W3C webdriver protocal

• This is communication protocol that enables communication between the client and the browser driver.

• In older versions selenium used the JSON wire protocol.

1. BROWSER DRIVERS:

• These are executables that act as middlemen between selenium and browsers.

Examples:

• chromedriver for google chrome.
• geckodriver for firefox
• msedgedriver for microsoft edge.

1. BROWSERS.

• The driver controls the browser to perform tasks like loading pages, clicking buttons filling forms. etc.
• The browsers sends responses back to the driver, which sends them back to the client.

PYTHON VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

1. Dependency isolotion:

• Prevents version conflicts between packages.
• Each project can have its own set of dependencies.

1. Project portability:

• Makes it easier to share projects (using requirments.txt) without worrying about system wide pacjages.

3.Cleaner global environmrnt:

• keeps the global python installation untouched and clean

4.Reproducibillity:

• Help in reproducing exact environment for development, testing and deployment.

EXAMPLE:

1.Without virtual environment

You install Flask==2.0.0 for project A.later,project B need Flask==1.1.2. installing both globally causes conflicts.

2.With virtual environment:

Project A

python -m venv venvA
source venvA/bin/activate
pip install Flask==2.0.0

Project B

python -m venv venvB
source venvB/bin/activate
pip install Flask==1.1.2

Each project run independently without conflict.