DEV Community

Sreekar Reddy
Sreekar Reddy

Posted on • Originally published at sreekarreddy.com

🔍 Debugging Explained Like You're 5

Detective work to find code bugs

Day 62 of 149

👉 Full deep-dive with code examples


The Detective Analogy

A detective solving a mystery:

  • Something went wrong (the crime)
  • Look for clues (error messages, logs)
  • Form a theory (hypothesis)
  • Test it and adjust until solved

Debugging is being a detective for your code!

You find out what went wrong and why.


Why Code Has Bugs

Programs break because:

  • Typos in code
  • Wrong assumptions about data
  • Edge cases not considered
  • Misunderstanding how something works

It's normal! Even experienced programmers debug regularly.


The Debugging Process

Step 1: Reproduce the bug

Make it happen again. If you can't reproduce it, you can't fix it.

Step 2: Find where it breaks

  • Read error messages (they tell you a lot!)
  • Add print statements to see what's happening
  • Use a debugger to step through code line by line

Step 3: Understand WHY

Don't just fix the symptom. Understand the root cause.

Step 4: Fix and test

Make the fix, verify it works, and make sure you didn't break other things.


Debugging Tools

Simple methods:

  • Print statements ("Made it here!", "Value is: X")
  • Reading error messages carefully

Better tools:

  • Debuggers (step through code line by line)
  • Logging (record what happens over time)
  • Browser developer tools (for web apps)

Pro Tips

  • Read the error message → Often tells you exactly what's wrong
  • Check recent changes → Bug probably in code you just wrote
  • Take a break → Fresh eyes catch obvious things
  • Rubber duck debugging → Explain the problem aloud (even to a rubber duck!)

In One Sentence

Debugging is the detective work of finding and fixing problems in code by following clues until you understand what went wrong.


🔗 Enjoying these? Follow for daily ELI5 explanations!

Making complex tech concepts simple, one day at a time.

Top comments (0)