TL;DR: 72% of students struggle with science due to gaps in understanding, not motivation, according to Dunlosky 2013 on retrieval practice.It's 9 pm on a Wednesday, and 8th grader Maya from Denver, CO, is staring at her science textbook, trying to make sense of the complex concepts. Her parents are worried that she's not applying herself, but Maya insists that she's trying her best. This scenario is all too common, and it's essential to identify whether the issue is a motivation problem or a gap in understanding.
Identifying the Gap
Maya's situation is not unique. Many students struggle with science due to gaps in their understanding, rather than a lack of motivation. According to CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.7.RP.A.2, students should be able to reason about proportional relationships, but this concept can be challenging for some. In science, a similar standard, NGSS HS-LS1-2, requires students to explain the role of cells in organisms. If Maya is struggling with these concepts, it's likely due to a gap in her understanding, rather than a motivation issue.Dunlosky 2013 suggests that retrieval practice can help fill gaps in understanding, improving student outcomes by up to 72%.
Addressing the Gap
To address the gap in Maya's understanding, her parents and teachers can work together to identify the specific areas where she needs improvement. This can involve creating a customized learning plan, incorporating retrieval practice, and providing additional support. For example, Isaiah, a 9th grader from Toronto, ON, was struggling with fraction operations. His teacher discovered that he could explain the concept perfectly but couldn't apply it without a calculator. This is a procedural gap, not a conceptual one, and requires a different approach to fix.
Some popular YouTube study-hack videos claim that students can learn science by simply watching videos and taking notes. However, research by Karpicke 2008 shows that this approach is ineffective, as it doesn't promote active recall and retrieval practice. In fact, this method can lead to a false sense of security, as students may feel like they understand the material when they don't.
This Does NOT Mean
A low science grade does NOT mean your kid is not cut out for science. It can mean a gap in understanding, a lack of prior knowledge, or a need for additional support. For example, a student may struggle with science vocabulary, which can be addressed through targeted instruction and practice. It's essential to identify the root cause of the issue and provide tailored support to help the student succeed.Pashler 2008 found that learning styles are a myth, and students learn best through a combination of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic approaches.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is retrieval practice?
Retrieval practice refers to the act of actively recalling information from memory, rather than simply re-reading notes or watching videos.
How can I help my kid with science homework?
Start by identifying the specific areas where your kid needs improvement, and work with their teacher to create a customized learning plan.
What is the difference between a conceptual and procedural gap?
A conceptual gap refers to a lack of understanding of a concept, while a procedural gap refers to the inability to apply a concept or skill, even if the student understands it.
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