Dockerizing a React App with Nginx, using multi-stage builds

#docker #react #node

Docker is a containerization tool used to speed up the development and deployment processes, It's the most popular solution for containerization.
Containers allow us to run and develop an application in the same environment, regardless of what machine you're on.
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Docker-compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications.
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Nginx is a web server we gonna use it to serve static content, it can be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer.
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React is an open-source, front end, JavaScript library for building user interfaces or user interface components.
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This tutorial demonstrates how to Dockerize a React app with Nginx using multi-stage builds. We'll specifically focus on configuring a production-ready image using multistage builds.

For those who only want to read code you can find the GitHub link below:

bahachammakhi/docker-react-nginx-blog

Creating A React Project:

We will use Create react app to generate our react project.

Open your terminal in a specific location and run this command.

npx create-react-app react-docker

Enter into your project directory:

cd react-docker

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Docker files:

Create Dockerfile and docker-compose.yml

mkdir nginx
touch Dockerfile docker-compose.yml nginx/nginx.conf

Open Dockerfile

# build environment
FROM node:13.12.0-alpine as build
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN yarn
RUN yarn build
# production environment
FROM nginx:stable-alpine
COPY - from=build /app/build /usr/share/nginx/html
COPY - from=build /app/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

What's happening here?

We're telling Docker to grab a copy of Node, specify its Linux distribution as Alpine and name it to build. Why Alpine? Alpine Linux is much smaller than most distribution base images (~5MB), and thus leads to much slimmer images in general.
Setting our working directory to app
Copying project to our directory
Running yarn to install packages
Running build script to generate build files
Telling docker to grap nginx-alpine image
Copying build files
Copying nginx configuration files to replace the default configuration
This line is just for documentation that our application will work on port 80
Running nginx

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Open nginx.conf

server {
listen 80;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html =404;
}
}

We are just mentioning the position of our application static files to let Nginx consume them whenever someone sends a request to port 80.

Open docker-compose.yml

version: "2"
services:
nginx-react:
container_name: ngixreactapp
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 80:80
environment:
NODE_ENV: production