In any game, progression is about more than just leveling up. It's a journey. A well-designed progression system keeps players engaged, drives their actions, and ultimately defines their experience. But how can you make progression rewarding without making it feel like a chore? In this blog, we'll dive into the design philosophies behind effective progression systems, and explore how to keep players invested, excited, and coming back for more.
Why Progression Matters
Think about your favorite games. Whether it’s unlocking powerful new skills in Assassin’s Creed, building out your character’s backstory in Cyberpunk 2077, or collecting badges in Pokémon, progression creates a sense of personal growth and achievement. Games with strong progression systems reward players with a tangible sense of accomplishment, giving them new tools, insights, or areas to explore. But crafting this experience takes more than just adding extra rewards or levels. Let’s explore the principles that make progression meaningful.
Core Elements of Game Progression
In game design, progression systems and reward mechanisms are essential to keeping players engaged and motivated. These systems provide a sense of achievement, encouraging players to continue their journey through challenges and accomplishments. Game designers craft both intrinsic rewards, which fulfill players’ internal sense of satisfaction, and extrinsic rewards, which offer tangible perks and collectibles that enhance the gaming experience. Balancing these reward types and pacing them with a mix of short-term and long-term incentives is crucial for sustaining player interest and ensuring a fulfilling progression.
Reward Systems that Motivate Players
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Rewards
Game designers use two main types of rewards: intrinsic (internal satisfaction) and extrinsic (external rewards). Intrinsic rewards are driven by the player’s own sense of accomplishment and enjoyment of the game’s narrative or mechanics. For example, in The Witcher 3, the satisfaction of completing a quest or making meaningful decisions aligns with intrinsic motivation, as players feel their actions are influencing the world around them. They’re driven by the story, character development, or the sheer joy of exploration. This deeper, personal sense of fulfillment often keeps players engaged over the long term.
On the other hand, extrinsic rewards are tangible, often offering external validation or recognition. These rewards could range from unlocking new outfits or powerful gear, to gaining in-game currency, trophies, or achievements. The Witcher 3 also offers these external motivators, such as acquiring rare weapons or armor sets, which improve the player’s performance and provide a visual representation of their progress. This blend of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards keeps the player engaged from multiple angles, ensuring both the emotional satisfaction of character growth and the tangible sense of accomplishment through loot and upgrades.
Balancing Short-Term and Long-Term Rewards
Effective game design requires a careful balance between short-term rewards, which offer immediate gratification, and long-term rewards that maintain motivation over time. A game with too many immediate rewards may risk overwhelming the player with constant gratification, leading to a lack of challenge or engagement in the long run. On the other hand, a game with only long-term rewards might frustrate players, making them feel like their efforts are unappreciated or that they are not making visible progress.
For example, Fortnite strikes a balance by offering immediate rewards in the form of new skins, emotes, or other cosmetic items through its Battle Pass system. Players can unlock these rewards relatively quickly, giving them a sense of progression and instant satisfaction. However, Fortnite also has long-term goals, such as completing challenging missions, leveling up the Battle Pass over time, or unlocking exclusive rewards that can’t be obtained immediately. This encourages players to keep playing and working toward the bigger rewards, creating a satisfying mix of short-term satisfaction and long-term goal setting. The progression system allows players to feel rewarded both in the moment and over a sustained period, making them more likely to keep coming back.
The Psychology of Progression: Why We Love Rewards
Rewards in games play a crucial role in tapping into our brain's reward system, which releases dopamine, a chemical that makes us feel good. When players achieve something significant, like leveling up or conquering a challenging boss, they experience a rush of satisfaction that motivates them to keep playing. This sense of progression not only delivers that rewarding feeling but also gives players a sense of purpose. With clear goals to strive for, players find their time spent in the game meaningful and fulfilling.
Game designers skillfully craft these rewarding moments to keep players hooked. They use visual and auditory cues, such as flashy animations or satisfying sounds when unlocking new abilities, to reinforce the connection between effort and achievement. For instance, in the Soulsborne series, after defeating a formidable boss, players are greeted with a moment of silence and triumphant visuals, allowing them to savor their hard-fought victory. This sensory feedback deepens the emotional impact of rewards, making each achievement feel even more significant and exciting. Ultimately, these elements create a compelling experience that keeps players engaged in their gaming journey.
Types of Progression Systems in Games
Progression systems are a core element in many games, allowing players to develop their characters, unlock abilities, and experience a sense of growth and achievement. Different types of progression offer distinct experiences, from traditional level-based systems to story-driven evolutions, each providing unique pathways for players to engage with the game world.
Level-Based Progression
Lies of P is a unique action RPG inspired by the story of Pinocchio, where players navigate a dark Belle Époque-inspired world. As players battle challenging foes and bosses, they earn experience points that enhance their character's abilities and unlock new combat skills. The progression system keeps players motivated as they refine their combat style and discover new ways to overcome the game’s intricate challenges.
Skill Trees and Upgrades
Star Wars Jedi: Survivor introduces a rich skill tree system that allows players to customize their Jedi’s abilities and combat style. As players progress through the story and defeat enemies, they earn skill points that can be invested in various abilities, including lightsaber combat and Force powers. This level of customization empowers players to create a Jedi that suits their preferred playstyle, enhancing the overall experience as they explore the vast galaxy.
Story-Based Progression
Baldur's Gate 3 excels in story-based progression, where character development is intricately tied to player choices and narrative outcomes. As players engage with various factions and make pivotal decisions, their character's skills and relationships evolve, impacting the overarching plot and character interactions. The sense of progression comes not just from leveling up but from the rich, branching narrative that keeps players engaged in the world and its characters.
Balancing Challenge and Reward
When designing games, it’s crucial to find the right balance between challenge and reward. If rewards come too frequently, they can lose their impact, leaving players feeling unfulfilled. On the other hand, if rewards are too scarce, players may become frustrated or discouraged.
In Remnant 2, players experience a balanced mix of intense combat and meaningful progression that makes each victory feel rewarding. The game pushes players to think strategically about their weapon and skill choices, encouraging them to adapt as they encounter diverse enemies and environments. Conquering each formidable boss isn't just a matter of strength but also of skill, timing, and preparation, which makes defeating them feel like a significant achievement.
The rewards in Remnant 2 heighten this sense of accomplishment. Rather than focusing solely on traditional leveling systems, players earn unique loot and character upgrades, enhancing gameplay and keeping players motivated. These well-timed rewards give players a sense of growth and mastery, encouraging them to continue pushing their limits as they progress through the game's challenging journey.
In-Game Currencies and Unlockables
In-game currencies, collectibles, and unlockable content create a rewarding loop for players, giving them goals that keep them engaged. These systems can add depth and long-term motivation, especially when they offer items that players feel are truly worth their effort.
In Hades II, players earn in-game currency by battling through dungeons, which they can use to unlock powerful weapons, new abilities, and upgrades that change their gameplay strategy. The pursuit of unlockable upgrades and collectibles adds excitement with every run, giving players meaningful progress even after multiple attempts.
In The Finals, a first-person shooter, players earn in-game currency to unlock distinctive cosmetic items that help personalize their characters in a highly competitive arena setting. This currency system offers players a unique way to express themselves through cosmetic rewards, enhancing their connection to the game even after mastering its mechanics.
Achievements and Badges: External Motivation
Achievements and badges act as powerful external motivators, offering players a sense of satisfaction and the chance to show off their accomplishments. These rewards are often tied to specific gameplay goals or challenges, adding an extra layer of engagement that goes beyond just completing the game.
For example, in Armored Core VI: Fires of Rubicon, players earn achievements not only by completing missions but also by performing specialized actions, like taking down challenging bosses with specific equipment. These achievements encourage players to explore different combat strategies and showcase their mastery of the game’s complex mechanics.
Similarly, in Payday 3, achievements are awarded for creative heist approaches, encouraging players to test different tools and teamwork strategies. This system drives players to push beyond standard gameplay, experimenting with new styles to earn rare badges that reflect their adaptability and skill.
These achievements and badges help foster pride and replayability, motivating players to go the extra mile for bragging rights and personal milestones.
Player-Driven Progression: Open Worlds and Sandbox Games
Open-world games like Elden Ring and Assassin’s Creed Valhalla offer players a vast world to explore at their own pace, allowing them to create their own paths and goals. This freedom provides a sense of agency, making each achievement feel more personal and meaningful.
In Elden Ring, players can tackle challenges in any order, choosing which areas to explore and bosses to confront. This non-linear progression gives a unique sense of accomplishment since each victory is hard-earned and often discovered through curiosity and perseverance. The vast, mysterious world rewards players who stray off the beaten path, making exploration feel deeply satisfying.
Similarly, in Assassin’s Creed Valhalla, players shape the game through their choices in exploration, skill upgrades, and alliances. By choosing which regions to conquer and how to approach missions, they can personalize their journey as a Viking. This open-ended progression makes every raid, skill unlocked, and territory claimed feel rewarding and tied to the player’s own choices.
These games show how player-driven progression allows for flexible and meaningful experiences, letting players decide what’s worth pursuing and making each achievement a reflection of their unique journey.
Crafting Meaningful Endgames
Endgame content is essential for keeping players engaged long after they’ve completed the main story or reached max level. It offers players new challenges, rewards, and ways to continue progressing, making the game feel like a long-term hobby rather than a one-time experience. Well-crafted endgame content can extend the lifespan of a game and keep players coming back.
In Warframe, endgame content revolves around high-level missions, such as high-difficulty survival, defense, and spy missions, as well as raids and new planet areas that unlock after reaching certain milestones. The game’s expansive and ever-evolving universe introduces constant updates, new Warframes (characters), weapons, and gameplay mechanics, ensuring that there’s always something new to chase after. The Endless Missions, which scale in difficulty the longer players survive, offer an escalating challenge and the opportunity to earn rare rewards, keeping players on their toes.
What makes Warframe’s endgame particularly unique is its focus on customization. Players spend time modding their Warframes and weapons, experimenting with different builds to make their playstyle more powerful. This sense of personalization and power progression motivates players to continually improve and tweak their strategies. Additionally, the game frequently adds new content, including new storylines, factions, and bosses, which keeps players excited to revisit the game.
In World of Warcraft, endgame content also focuses on group activities like raids and dungeons, offering powerful rewards and a sense of accomplishment once completed. However, Warframe’s solo and co-op mission variety, combined with the deep customization, makes it more about individual or small-team progression, which appeals to a broader range of players. The regular updates, seasonal events, and the thrill of unlocking new content keep the game fresh for long periods, making Warframe a perfect example of a game with a rewarding and meaningful endgame experience.
By offering a mix of challenging solo missions, co-op play, constant updates, and the ability to customize characters to an extreme degree, Warframe provides a fulfilling endgame experience that encourages long-term engagement, making players feel like the journey has no real end.
Avoiding Common Pitfalls in Progression Design
When designing progression systems in games, it's important to strike the right balance between rewarding players and avoiding common mistakes that can undermine the experience. Two major pitfalls to watch out for are pay-to-win models and overloading players with too many unlockables at once.
Pay-to-Win Models
A key issue in progression design is the temptation to create pay-to-win (P2W) mechanics. In these systems, players can pay real money to speed up their progression, unlock powerful items, or gain advantages over those who don't spend money. This can create an unfair advantage for paying players and make the experience frustrating for those who can’t or don’t want to spend extra money. If players feel they need to pay to compete or advance at a fair pace, it can lead to negative reviews and community backlash.
The key to avoiding this is making sure that purchases don’t give players a competitive edge. Progression should be meaningful for all players, whether they pay money or not. Cosmetic items, rather than gameplay-affecting purchases, are one way to ensure fairness.
Overloading Players with Unlockables
Another common pitfall is overloading players with too many unlockables at once. While it's exciting to receive rewards and progress through a game, bombarding players with an excessive number of rewards can be overwhelming. If there are too many items, currencies, or features to unlock, players may struggle to focus on what truly matters or feel like they're grinding endlessly without seeing meaningful results.
Instead, rewards should feel earned and provide a sense of accomplishment. A game’s progression should be placed so that players have time to enjoy each reward and reflect on their achievements. The key is to give players just enough to keep them motivated without feeling like they’re overwhelmed by a never-ending list of things to unlock.
Finding the Right Balance
To create a positive progression experience, developers need to ensure that the system is balanced and rewarding without being exploitative. A well-crafted progression system encourages players to keep playing by offering meaningful rewards that feel genuinely earned. Clear goals and appropriately paced rewards prevent frustration, giving players a sense of steady achievement.
A fair and accessible approach to progression allows all players to experience the full depth of the game, regardless of whether they spend money. This balance helps prevent players from feeling forced into paying or excessive grinding. Instead, they can enjoy an engaging journey that feels both motivating and rewarding.
A well-designed progression system lies at the heart of a game's ability to keep players engaged and invested. This comes from the satisfaction of leveling up, the excitement of unlocking new skills, and the joy of overcoming challenges. By balancing short-term rewards with long-term goals, offering meaningful choices, and avoiding pitfalls like pay-to-win mechanics or overwhelming unlockables, designers create a fulfilling experience that motivates players to keep returning.
Ultimately, each step in the player’s journey should feel significant. A well-crafted progression system not only enhances gameplay but also deepens the emotional connection players have with the game. By striking a balance between short-term and long-term rewards, offering meaningful choices, and keeping players motivated without overwhelming them, developers can create experiences that keep players coming back. The key is to design progression that is rewarding, engaging, and satisfying, so that every victory feels earned, and every new challenge feels worth pursuing. In the end, the art of progression lies in creating a journey that players are excited to continue, every step of the way.
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