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Booranasak Kanthong
Booranasak Kanthong

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Containerized DevOps Lab on Kali Linux

Objective: Build a simple DevOps lab using Docker Compose to run both SonarQube and GitLab locally on Kali Linux.
This setup is perfect for developers, DevSecOps learners, or anyone working in a local security-focused environment like Kali.

Install Docker & Docker Compose on Kali Linux

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y docker.io docker-compose
sudo systemctl enable --now docker

And after installation is done you can check version by runing this:
sudo docker version


docker compose version

or

sudo docker compose version

Create a Docker Project Folder

mkdir Homework003_SonarQube_Gitlab_Docker
touch docker-compose.yml
you can use ls command to see the file or folder you just create.

Install SonarQube with Docker Compose

Use "docker-compose.yml" for SonarQube
Replace the contents with:
version: "3.9"

services:
  sonarqube:
    image: sonarqube:10-community
    container_name: sonarqube
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
    environment:
      # JVM memory settings to avoid out-of-memory errors
      SONAR_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms512m -Xmx1024m"
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 2048m    # optional: only works with Docker Swarm
    volumes:
      - sonarqube_data:/opt/sonarqube/data
      - sonarqube_logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs
      - sonarqube_extensions:/opt/sonarqube/extensions

volumes:
  sonarqube_data:
  sonarqube_logs:
  sonarqube_extensions:
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Run SonarQube

sudo docker compose up -d sonarqube
You can check the running container by:
sudo docker ps

Once the container is running, you'll see that SonarQube is active on port 9000. You can now open your browser and navigate to:
http://localhost:9000

After entering the URL, you'll be greeted by the SonarQube login page:

Login credentials:

  • User: admin
  • Password: admin

After logging in for the first time, SonarQube will prompt you to change your default password. Simply enter a new, secure password to continue.

Once you've successfully updated your password, you'll be redirected to the SonarQube dashboard. From here, you can begin setting up your projects - either by connecting to popular platforms like GitHub or GitLab, or by creating one manually.

Install Gitlab with Docker Compose

In the same project folder, open your existing docker-compose.yml:
and Append the following GitLab service below the existing sonarqube config:

gitlab:
    image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:17.0.1-ce.0
    container_name: gitlab
    restart: unless-stopped
    hostname: gitlab.local
    shm_size: "256m"
    ports:
      - "8080:80"      # Web interface (external → internal)
      - "8443:443"     # HTTPS (optional if not needed)
      - "2222:22"      # SSH for repo clone
    volumes:
      - gitlab_config:/etc/gitlab
      - gitlab_logs:/var/log/gitlab
      - gitlab_data:/var/opt/gitlab

volumes:
  gitlab_config:
  gitlab_logs:
  gitlab_data:
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when merge everything together, it should look like this:

version: "3.9"

services:
  sonarqube:
    image: sonarqube:10-community
    container_name: sonarqube
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
    environment:
      # JVM memory settings to avoid out-of-memory errors
      SONAR_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms512m -Xmx1024m"
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 2048m    # optional: only works with Docker Swarm
    volumes:
      - sonarqube_data:/opt/sonarqube/data
      - sonarqube_logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs
      - sonarqube_extensions:/opt/sonarqube/extensions

  gitlab:
    image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:17.0.1-ce.0
    container_name: gitlab
    restart: unless-stopped
    hostname: gitlab.local
    shm_size: "256m"
    ports:
      - "8080:80"      # GitLab web UI
      - "8443:443"     # HTTPS (optional)
      - "2222:22"      # SSH for cloning repos
    volumes:
      - gitlab_config:/etc/gitlab
      - gitlab_logs:/var/log/gitlab
      - gitlab_data:/var/opt/gitlab

volumes:
  sonarqube_data:
  sonarqube_logs:
  sonarqube_extensions:
  gitlab_config:
  gitlab_logs:
  gitlab_data:
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Then run this:
sudo docker compose up -d gitlab

Access GitLab

Add hostname to etc/hosts
sudo nano /etc/hosts

Add this line at the bottom
127.0.0.1 gitlab.local

Open browser:
http://gitlab.local:8080

GitLab will ask you to set a new root password. After that, log in as:
Username: root
Password: you need to run this command to get password
sudo docker exec -it gitlab grep 'Password:' /etc/gitlab/initial_root_password

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