The Unequal Weight of Money: €20 in Africa vs. €20 in Europe
The value of a sum of money is not a universal constant. Although a €20 bill is physically identical everywhere, its purchasing power and impact on daily life vary considerably from one continent to another. Comparing what this sum represents in Europe and Africa highlights the profound economic disparities and realities of life in very different contexts.
€20 in Europe: A Supplement to Daily Life
In most Eurozone countries, €20 is considered a relatively small sum, easy to earn and spend. Its role is often to supplement an already stable budget, allowing for leisure, comfort, or impulse purchases.
Working Time and Affordability: It often takes approximately one to three hours of minimum-wage work to earn €20, making it an affordable amount.
Needs and Leisure: €20 can cover a restaurant meal for one person, a few non-essential grocery items, or leisure activities like two movie tickets.
Transportation and Services: This amount can pay for a short taxi ride, gas for a local trip, or a multi-day public transport ticket.
These examples show that €20 in Europe is synonymous with flexibility and small rewards. Far from being a survival issue, it is a value that fits into a daily life where basic needs are generally covered by higher wages and subsidized public services.
€20 in Africa: A Vital and Strategic Resource
In Africa, and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, €20 (approximately 13,000 CFA francs) has a value and importance that are unparalleled. This sum can be a real source of survival, development, or emergency capital for a family. Its impact is often decisive.
Food security: €20 can buy bags of rice, corn, oil, and other staple foods to feed a family of several people for a week or more. This can mean the difference between hunger and satiety.
Education and health: This sum can cover a child's monthly school fees, buy textbooks and supplies, or allow them to see a doctor in case of illness.
Micro-enterprise capital: €20 can be used to start a micro-business, such as buying fruits or vegetables to resell at a market. This investment can generate a modest but regular income, paving the way for greater financial independence.
Here, €20 is not just a comfort, but an amount that can determine access to food, education, or health, and often represents a strategic investment for the future.
The Economic Roots of the Disparity
This immense difference in value stems from macroeconomic and social factors that are not always obvious.
Income levels and salaries: The guaranteed minimum wage (SMIG) in many sub-Saharan African countries is around 60,000 CFA francs per month (approximately €91). It is important to note that this figure is an average, and salaries vary considerably from one country to another. For example, Cameroon has a SMIG of 41,875 CFA francs (approximately €64) in the civil service and up to 60,000 CFA francs (approximately €91) in some private sectors, while in Côte d'Ivoire it is 75,000 CFA francs (approximately €114). In Europe, even the lowest minimum wage is significantly higher. Consequently, €20 represents a much larger share of a person's or family's monthly income in Africa, which explains its disproportionate impact.
Purchasing power and cost of living: The purchasing power index (PPP) illustrates this divergence. The same basket of basic goods and services (food, transportation, etc.) costs considerably less in Africa. Thus, each euro converted into local currency has much greater purchasing power for essential needs.
Access to basic services: In Europe, public services such as education and healthcare are largely funded by the state, reducing costs for households. In Africa, these services are often rarer, less accessible, and more often paid for by individuals, making out-of-pocket expenses for these needs even more significant.
The Challenge of Global Prices for Local Services
This economic gap is particularly visible in the sector of services designed in Europe or the United States, which are sold at global prices. Many online services, such as subscriptions to streaming platforms, professional software, or video games, set their prices based on European or American purchasing power. For a European, a subscription of €10 per month is
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