typecasting

1) norowning (long->byte)

  1) arrowing in Java, also known as explicit type casting or downcasting, involves converting a value from a larger data type to a smaller one. 
  2)This process requires explicit syntax because it can potentially lead to data loss or precision reduction.

Why is it needed in arrowing?
Memory Management:

• When dealing with , using smaller data types can optimize memory usage. Specific Operations:
  • some operations might require specific data types, necessitating a conversion even if it's a narrowing one. Data Loss:
    • Narrowing can result in loss of precision (e.g., decimal part truncation) or unexpected values due to overflow. *Careful Usage: Use narrowing conversions with caution, ensuring that the potential loss of data is acceptable for your specific use case. ex: double d = 123.45; int i = (int) d; // i will be 123 (decimal part is truncated)

broadning (int->long)

also known as implicit conversion or upcasting, in Java refers to the automatic conversion of a smaller data type to longer date type

Ex
int myInt = 10;
long myLong = myInt; // Implicit conversion from int to long
double myDouble = myInt; // Implicit conversion from int to double
Access modifiers
access modifiers are essential tools that define how the members of a class, like variables, methods, and even the class itself can be accessed from other parts of our program.

Types of Access Modifiers
There are 4 types of access modifiers available in Java:

Default
Private
Protected
Public

Default
*declarations are visible only within the package (package private)
Private

* declarations are visible within the class only
Protected

*declarations are visible within the package or all subclasses
Public

* declarations are visible everywhere

Refffer tha webset
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/strings-in-java/

https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_modifiers.asp