Go comes with many data structures, including a map data structure.
A (hash)map maps keys to values, this is a common data structure in programming. Many languages support it including Go and Python (dictionary).
Unlike an array, it has a one to one mapping. The key can be used to quickly get the value without using a loop
m["Cat"] = "Meow"
fmt.Println(m["Cat"])
Above the key is "Cat" and the value is "Meow", which is then returned.
Introduction
You can use the make() function to create a map. If you call the make() function is returns a map initialized and ready for use.
In Go it's important to define the data types of the key and the value.
You can create all kind of maps, like a string to string mapping.
Example, map a key to a value where both are strings
var m map[string]string
// map key (string) to value (string)
m = make(map[string]string)
Go lets you map a key to value, where the value is an integer (int64):
var m map[string]int64
// map key (string) to value (integer)
m = make(map[string]int64)
Go Map Example
The example below creates a map (string -> string), sets a key pair and returns a value using a key. The map function makes the map. Then one (key,value) pair is set.
package main
import "fmt"
var m map[string]string
func main() {
m = make(map[string]string)
m["Cat"] = "Meow"
fmt.Println(m["Cat"])
}
The output of the above program is
Meow
Program exited.
So the value was given for the key "Cat", the key pair is ("Cat","Meow").
An example of a key-value mapping with integers, where there are multiple items. The map function is used to initialize the map.
package main
import "fmt"
var m map[string]int64
func main() {
m = make(map[string]int64)
m["Serge"] = 33
m["Thomas"] = 25
m["Juan"] = 28
fmt.Println(m["Serge"])
}
This program outputs:
33
Program exited.
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