In 1990s, the web was mostly static. Netscape wanted a lightweight scripting language that could run inside the browser, written quickly by beginners and it's allow dynamic behavior (form validation, animations, user interaction).
JavaScript was created to solve a big problem in early web development,Initially Webpages were static, meaning they couldn’t react to user actions like clicking, typing, or moving the mouse.
Netscape wanted a lightweight scripting language so they created the JavaScript, that can an inside the browser, allowed interactivity, easy for beginners and worked alongside HTML.
It's Full stack Language. With Node.js, you can use JavaScript for front-end, back-end, APIs and databases.
It's used for many fields - Web browser, Web apps, Mobile apps, Desktop apps, Games (Phaser, Three.js), IoT devices. We use it today because it's versatile, fast, everywhere, and essential to modern development.
Java (created by Sun Microsystems) was becoming very popular.
Netscape and Sun made a partnership, and Netscape decided to rename their new browser scripting language from:
Mocha → LiveScript → JavaScript
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