Diagnostic over Internet Protocol(DOIP )

Hi folks, I'm Nagarathna employee from LUXOFT India. Here I would like to provide a brief about DOIP protocol.

Introduction about DOIP Protocol

Diagnostic Over Internet Protocol (DOIP) is a networking protocol that is becoming increasingly popular in the automotive industry for vehicle diagnostics.It allows communication between diagnostic tools and a vehicle’s electronic control units (ECUs) via Ethernet networks, rather than traditional serial communication protocols like K-line or CAN.

Importance of DOIP

DOIP is an improvement over traditional diagnostic protocols because it provides faster communication speeds and larger bandwidths, allowing for more data to be transferred between the diagnostic tool and the vehicle in a shorter amount of time. This makes diagnostics faster and more efficient. Additionally, DOIP can support more simultaneous connections than other protocols, which is especially useful for larger and more complex vehicles. Another benefit of DOIP is that it is based on existing internet protocol (IP) standards, which makes it easier to implement and integrate with existing diagnostic systems. It also allows for remote diagnostic services, meaning that technicians can diagnose and carry out repairs without having to physically visit the vehicle.

DOIP in OSI Model Reference layer

DoIP fits into the OSI Model at the IP and TCP layers, which are part of the transport, network, and data link layers.
It uses TCP port 13400 and IP addresses to establish communication between the diagnostic tool and the vehicle's control modules.
It also relies on the TCU as a middleman to bridge the gap between the physical and network layers.
DoIP is an example of a protocol that fits into the OSI Model. It operates at the transport, network, and data link layers, using TCP and IP to establish communication between different devices. By understanding the role of DoIP in the OSI Model, we can better understand how it allows for remote vehicle diagnostics and how it fits into the larger context of network communication.
case1 : General information
case2 : Network layes and transport protocol 1. vehicle search 2. link connection 3. status information 4. Error handling
case3 : wired vehicle
case4 : High speed ethernet data link connector
case5 : Conformance test specification

Functionality of DOIP

DOIP is currently used in some high-end luxury vehicles, but it is expected to become more widely used across the automotive industry in the near future. Some major automakers, such as BMW and Mercedes-Benz, are already implementing DOIP in their vehicles. Image description
For each ECU and Tester will have own logical block id’s Tester will send the Activation request to DOIP gateway then gateway will send the request to ECU. ECU will respond with positive or negative response to gateway of DOIP. DOIP protocol will transmit the data up to 4gb at a time, message format of the DOIP is header and data(payload).

Logical DOIP address are needed for addressing ECUs in Conventional network like LIN OR CAN protocol.
User data UDS request contains response or request of of diagnostic ex. 10 02 is diagnostic Extended session However, there are some challenges to implementing DOIP in the automotive industry. One challenge is that it requires high-quality Ethernet cables and connectors, which can be expensive and difficult to install in some vehicles. Additionally, DOIP requires more advanced diagnostic tools, which can also be expensive. Overall, DOIP is a promising technology for vehicle diagnostics that offers faster communication speeds and more bandwidth than traditional protocols. As automotive technology continues to evolve, it is likely that DOIP will become increasingly common in the automotive industry.

How does DOIP enable Remote Vehicle Diagnostics?

There are several benefits to using DOIP for remote vehicle diagnostics. First and foremost, it makes the diagnostic process faster and more efficient. Technicians no longer have to physically be with the vehicle to diagnose issues, which means repairs can be made much more quickly.
This can save both time and money for service providers. Second, DoIP enables more accurate and comprehensive diagnostics.
Since control modules can be accessed directly, technicians can retrieve more detailed diagnostic data than if they were simply relying on OBD codes.
This means they can pinpoint the exact source of a problem and provide more effective repairs. Lastly, DoIP makes it easier for service providers to monitor the health of vehicle fleets. Since vehicles can be diagnosed remotely, service providers can keep tabs on multiple vehicles at once, even if they are located in different parts of the world.
This can help prevent issues before they occur and ensure that vehicles are always in good working condition.

Conclusion

DOIP (Diagnostics Over Internet Protocol) is a standardized automotive diagnostic communication protocol that allows diagnostic communication over Ethernet networks. It is commonly used in vehicle diagnostics and automotive workshops. DOIP offers faster and more reliable diagnostic capabilities compared to older protocols, such as the CAN bus and K-line.
However, the wide implementation of this protocol is dependent on the adoption of Ethernet infrastructure and the continued development of automotive technology.
As the automotive industry becomes more reliant on technology, DoIP is proving to be an essential tool for keeping vehicles in good working condition.
It enables fast, efficient, and accurate remote diagnostics, which can save time and money for service providers while ensuring that vehicles are always in top shape.
With the continued growth of connected vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT), it’s likely that DOIP will become even more important in the years to come.