The fashion and accessories industry is constantly evolving and looking for ways to increase quality, speed, and creativity in production. In the past, the production of leather products such as bracelets, necklaces, key chains, and other accessories was a completely manual, time-consuming, and skilled process. However, with the advent of new technologies, especially computer numerically controlled (CNC) laser cutting machines, this industry has undergone a tremendous revolution. This article examines in detail the steps, advantages, challenges, and prospects for the industrial production of leather accessories using this technology.
Industrial production steps step by step
The production process begins with an initial idea and ends with a final product ready to be released to the market. In the industrial method with a laser machine, these steps are as follows. In the following, I will try to provide you with comprehensive information about the pattern of leather bracelets and accessories in the industrial method.
Step 1: Digital Design
It all starts with a computer-generated design. Designers create their desired pattern الگوی دستبند چرم واکسسوری چرم using vector graphics software such as Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, or CAD software such as AutoCAD. Next, the exact dimensions, cutting lines, hole locations for the strap and buckle, and any engraving designs (such as logos, names, or decorative motifs) are digitally drawn with micrometer precision. The final file is usually saved in vector formats such as DXF, DWG, AI, or SVG so that the CNC machine can read the laser path correctly.
Step 2: Material Selection
The choice of leather type has a direct impact on the final quality of the product and the cutting process. Natural Leather: Leathers such as cowhide, goatskin, and sheepskin are very suitable for this task. Vegetable-tanned leathers offer very clean and precise cuts due to their high density. Artificial Leather: Artificial leathers such as PU (polyurethane) also cut well with a laser. However, leathers containing PVC (polyvinyl chloride) should be avoided as they release toxic and corrosive chlorine gas when burned, which is dangerous for both the operator and the machine. The thickness of the leather also plays a key role in the laser machine settings.
Step 3: Preparing and Setting Up the CNC Laser Machine (Machine Setup)
A CNC laser cutting machine is a powerful tool that burns or vaporizes material by focusing a beam of light. Correct settings are critical to achieving the desired result. The design file is transferred to the laser machine’s control software. The operator adjusts three main parameters. Laser Power: The amount of energy in the laser beam. For thicker leathers, more power is needed. Cutting speed: The speed at which the laser head moves over the work surface. High speed produces a faster cut but the edges may not be completely cut. Low speed produces a deeper and cleaner cut but increases the risk of burning the edges. Frequency (PPI - Pulses Per Inch): The number of laser pulses per inch. Higher frequencies are better for precise engraving and lower frequencies are better for cutting. Optimal nesting: The machine software can arrange the patterns tightly together on the leather sheet to minimize material waste.
Step 4: Cutting and Engraving Process
After the settings, the process begins Cutting: The laser head moves with high precision along the paths defined in the digital file and separates the bracelet or accessory pieces from the leather sheet. This cutting is done without any physical contact, so the leather does not stretch or deform. Engraving/Etching: If the design includes patterns or text, the laser burns the surface of the leather at a lower power and higher speed to engrave the desired design with a shallow depth. This feature allows for unique personalization.
Step 5: Post-Production & Assembly
The cut pieces are not yet the final product and require finishing steps. Edge Cleaning: Laser-cut edges are usually slightly dark and sooted. This soot can be easily removed with a damp cloth or alcohol. In some designs, this dark edge is retained as an aesthetic feature. Dyeing and finishing: If necessary, the edges or surface of the leather are dyed and finished with special materials to make it more durable and beautiful. Fittings assembly and installation: In this stage, the various parts are connected together. Fittings such as locks, buckles, rivets, buttons and rings are installed to form the final product.
Advantages of using laser cutting
Key advantages: Unparalleled accuracy and repeatability: The laser machine is able to produce thousands of identical parts with an accuracy of one hundredth of a millimeter; something that is impossible with the manual method.
High production speed: Laser cutting is much faster than manual cutting with a cutter or mold and is ideal for mass production. Possibility of creating complex and delicate designs: The laser can easily create very complex, lattice and delicate patterns that are impossible to cut by hand. Reduced material waste: Thanks to optimized nesting software, the maximum surface area of the leather sheet can be used. Non-contact cutting: The lack of physical contact between the tool and the leather prevents any pressure, stretching or damage to its texture. Flexibility in production: Changing the design and producing a new product only requires uploading a new digital file and there is no need to make expensive molds. This makes customized and small-volume production economical.
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