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⚙️ PLC StructuredText Lite — A Simplified Industrial Automation Language

What is StructuredText Lite?

StructuredText Lite is a lightweight subset of the IEC 61131-3 Structured Text language used in industrial automation and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) systems. While full Structured Text supports advanced control logic, data types, and industrial-grade libraries, the Lite dialect strips the language down for small controllers, training systems, or simulated PLC environments.

It provides readable high-level syntax for ladder-logic style automation without requiring specialized software licenses.


Specs

Language Type: Industrial PLC scripting language

Era: Late 1990s–present in varying dialects

Execution Model: Cyclic execution (scan loop logic)

Typing: Static typed values (BOOL, INT, REAL, TIMER, etc.)

Primary Purpose: Automation, motors, sensors, machine control


Example Code (Simple Toggle)

VAR
    Light : BOOL;
END_VAR

Light := NOT Light;
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A timer-based example commonly found in PLC training environments:

VAR
    Motor : BOOL;
    Start : BOOL;
    T1 : TIMER;
END_VAR

IF Start THEN
    T1(IN := TRUE, PT := T#3S);
END_IF;

IF T1.Q THEN
    Motor := TRUE;
END_IF;
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How It Works

StructuredText Lite executes in a scan cycle:

  1. Read input values (sensors, switches, network variables)
  2. Execute logic from top to bottom
  3. Write outputs (motors, relays, actuators)

Key language components include:

Feature Description
Variables Named memory mapped to I/O
Timers / counters Built-in automation primitives
Boolean logic AND, OR, XOR, NOT
Flow control IF, CASE, REPEAT, WHILE
IEC time literals T#500MS, T#3S, etc.

Unlike typical programming languages, reliability and determinism are prioritized over flexibility.


Strengths

  • Extremely reliable and deterministic
  • Widely used in industrial automation and machinery
  • Clear syntax suitable for safety-critical logic
  • Supported by nearly all PLC vendors in some form

Weaknesses

  • Limited compared to general-purpose languages
  • Proprietary extensions vary between manufacturers
  • Debugging tools tied to expensive hardware ecosystems
  • Not suited for software beyond automation logic

Where to Run

StructuredText Lite can be executed using:

  • PLC simulators (Codesys, OpenPLC)
  • OEM training systems (Siemens, Allen-Bradley, Schneider)
  • TIO.run mock interpreter (limited version)
  • Real industrial PLCs when deployed

Some educational versions run on Raspberry Pi or embedded Linux targets.


Should You Learn It?

  • For industrial automation careers: Yes
  • For general-purpose software development: No
  • For robotics/mechatronics students: Useful
  • For esolang exploration: Mildly interesting but practical

Summary

StructuredText Lite distills industrial automation programming into a clean, deterministic scripting language designed for machine control. Though not flashy or general-purpose, it remains crucial to manufacturing, robotics systems, and automation engineering — powering everything from conveyor belts to elevators.

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