Build a Bootstrap 4 & Vue App

Bootstrap 4 continues to be the most popular framework for creating web apps. It's a shame that the jQuery dependency makes it less powerful than it could be!

Fortunately, it's fairly easy to swap jQuery for Vue to make a far simpler and more flexible development experience.

In this tutorial, I'll show you how easy it is to set up a Bootstrap 4 project with Vue. To do this, we'll be using Bootstrap-Vue, Vue CLI, and Vue 2.6. I'll assume you already know the basics of both Bootstrap and Vue.

Note: this article was originally posted here on the Vue.js Developers blog on 2020/07/24.

Setting up a Bootstrap and Vue project

The Bootstrap-Vue project has done most of the heavy lifting of replacing jQuery with Vue by implementing Bootstrap features as Vue components.

Rather than installing it directly, we can use Bootstrap-Vue as a Vue CLI plugin. This takes care of any configuration boilerplate and will automatically add any dependencies so I highly recommend this approach.

Let's create a new Vue CLI project:

$ vue create bootstrap-vue-app

Note that you will need to have Vue CLI installed in your dev environment already (instructions here).

Vue CLI will now take you through the Vue app setup. If you aren't sure what options to choose, just select "default".

Now, change into your new project directory:

$ cd bootstrap-vue-app

You can now add the Bootstrap-Vue plugin to your project. Unless you have reasons otherwise, I suggest you select "Y" for any prompts.

$ vue add bootstrap-vue

Thanks to the magic of Vue CLI, you have now set up a best-practice Vue & Bootstrap project with no configuration required!

Clearing out boilerplate

By default, Vue CLI provides a boilerplate app for you to begin with. Let's clear the content of App.vue as we'll still need that file, but we can delete HelloWorld.vue all together.

$ > src/components/App.vue
$ rm src/components/HelloWorld.vue

Bootstrap-Vue components

Almost all of the features of Bootstrap are available as globally registered components in Bootstrap-Vue.

These generally have the same names as the Bootstrap components, but to distinguish them from other components, they're prefixed with b-.

For example, let's create a new template in App.vue and add a Bootstrap container. This is packaged in the component b-container.

src/App.vue

<template>
  <b-container>
    <p>Hello, Bootstrap-Vue</p>
  </b-container>
</template>

Let's now serve the app we've created

$ npm run serve

Once the code has built, you should see the following:

Also, if you check the page content, you'll see this b-container component has rendered with conventional Bootstrap elements and classes:

<div class="container">
  <p>Hello, Bootstrap-Vue</p>
</div>

Configuration with props

Many of the available components can be configured with Vue props.

For example, let's add a button to our app using the b-btn component. This component has a prop variant which controls the theme. Let's set it to primary.

<template>
  <b-container>
    <p>Hello, Bootstrap-Vue</p>
    <b-btn variant="primary">Click</b-btn>
  </b-container>
</template>

We can also bind dynamic values to our Bootstrap components. For example, let's add an alert using the b-alert component. We'll make it a made the alert success and give it some content.

<template>
  <b-container>
    <p>Hello, Bootstrap-Vue</p>
    <b-btn variant="primary">Click</b-btn>
    <b-alert variant="success">
      You clicked the button!
    </b-alert>
  </b-container>
</template>

Now, we'll conditionally show the alert by binding the show prop to a local data property showAlert. We'll now toggle the value of showAlert in response to the click event of the b-btn component.

<template>
  <b-container>
    <p>Hello, Bootstrap-Vue</p>
    <b-btn 
      variant="primary"
      @click="showAlert = true"
    >
      Click
    </b-btn>
    <b-alert 
      v-bind:show="showAlert"
      variant="success"
    >
      You clicked the button!
    </b-alert>
  </b-container>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  data: () => ({
    showAlert: false
  })
};
</script>

So much easier than jQuery, right?

Bootstrap-Vue directives

Some Bootstrap features are provided as directives rather than components so that they can be easily added to existing elements.

For example, to add a tooltip feature, we can use the v-b-tooltip directive. Let's add one to the button using the directive argument hover so it's triggered by the button hover event.

<b-btn
  variant="primary"
  @click="showAlert = true"
  v-b-tooltip.hover 
  title="This button triggers the alert"
>
  Click
</b-btn>

Note: the tooltip plugin requires a dependency of popper.js but this will be automatically included if you install Bootstrap-Vue with Vue CLI.

Wrap up

Now you can see how easy it is to replace jQuery in Bootstrap 4 with Vue. Let me know if you have any additional questions in the comments below.

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