Isolated facts are hard to remember. Connected facts are easy.
Elaboration is the process of adding meaningful connections to new information—asking why, how, and what-if questions that link new knowledge to existing understanding.
Why Elaboration Works
Your memory is organized as a network of associations. Information connected to many things has many retrieval routes. Isolated information has few.
Elaboration creates connections, making information:
- Easier to understand
- Easier to remember
- Easier to apply in new contexts
Elaborative Interrogation
The simplest form: Ask "Why is this true?" for every fact you learn.
Fact: Water boils at 100°C
Elaboration: Why? Heat energy increases molecular motion until molecules escape as gas. Why 100°C specifically? That's when the energy overcomes atmospheric pressure at sea level.
Now the fact is connected to concepts you understand.
Ways to Elaborate
Ask Questions
- Why does this work?
- How does this connect to what I know?
- What would happen if...?
- What's similar? What's different?
Generate Examples
- Create your own examples
- Find real-world applications
- Think of exceptions and edge cases
Explain in Your Own Words
- Don't just recognize—articulate
- Use analogies and metaphors
- Teach it to someone else
Create Connections
- How does this relate to yesterday's lesson?
- What other concepts does this apply to?
- Where have I seen this pattern before?
Elaboration in Practice
When reading: Pause after key points and ask elaborative questions
When listening: Connect new points to previous ones
When reviewing: Don't just re-read—explain why each concept matters
Related Articles:
- The Feynman Technique
- Active Recall Guide
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