Day 2: C++ language - Output

Please refer Introduction to C++ before you proceed .

---

Topics to be covered

1. How to Print in C++ (or to get output in c++).
2. How to add a new line character (Escape sequence).
3. Comments

---

How to Print in C++

• The programming instruction we give are called statements.
• The statements are executed one by one , in the order they are written.
• The compiler ignores all the white space.
• Everything that needs to be executed should be written inside curly {}brackets.

To print any form of text or numbers or to get output we use cout (pronounced as see-out).

For Example:

• Imagine we want to print "Hi everyone" .
• Any long form of text(ie,string) that has to printed should be written in quoatation marks.

There are two ways to print one using namespace std other without .

using namespace std: You are informing the compiler that you are going to use the std (standard) namespace, so you don't need to prefix standard library entities with std::. And both works well .

// Using namespace

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){

cout << " Hi everyone" ;
return 0;
}

// without using namespace 

#include <iostream>
int main(){

std:: cout << "Hi everyone" ;
return 0;

}

Now ,you can run the code even without writing return 0;code will run well.Not necessary to write.

Both gives the same output.

Now imagine you wanna print. For example :

Hi everyone !!
My name is Aiera .

You can use as many cout needed to print.

Now you might have noticed even though I have mentioned my cout's in 2 different my output that has been printed on single line. To get the output in new line we need to add a newline character.

---

How to add a newline character.

Newline chararcter or escape sequence \n or endl .

To create a new line you can use any of these (\n or endl ) in different ways .

\n is used to insert a newline.

For example:

OR

It is okay to use stream insertion operator (<<) and place the \ncharacter after the text.

OR
Using endline character endl

And all the three ways gives same output.

---

Comments

These are statements that are visible to us . They are not executed by the compiler and are intended to helpreaders understand the code.They wont affect the code or output.

There are two types of comments in C++:

• Single-line comments: These begin with // and continue to the end of the line.
• Multi-line comments: These begin with /* and end with */. They can cover multiple lines.

You can write your comments anywhere you want not necessarily inside your curlybrackets {}

---

Previous Blog

Introduction to C++