Day 1 : Introduction to C++

Hey everyone!
I'm excited to announce that I'm starting a blog series focused on Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA). I'll be sharing tutorials based on what I've learned and know.
I'll be using the C++ language for these tutorials, and I'll also be posting C++ language tutorials for those who are new to it.

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C++ is a powerful, high-performance programming language that is widely used for system/software development, game development, and in applications requiring real-time processing.

It is an extension of the C programming language, adding object-oriented features and others.

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Basics

• Download VScode .
• Download compiler (mingw) and add its path in environment variables. (To know more about please check this post👇) https://dev.to/mehfila_parkkulthil_23/how-to-setup-vs-code-and-1hng-temp-slug-1049206
• Install extension C/C++ extension Pack in vscode.
• Create a folder or open a folder named Projectss .
• Create a file as myfirstfile.cpp

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Basics of C++

• Code editor we are using here is Visual studio code.
• The extension of c++ is .cpp .

Syntax of C++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {

      }

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How the code works

*How to write code *

Anything written inside the curly brackets is gonna be executed .
ie,
For example : To print "Hello world " , the word that has to be printed inside quotation marks.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {

cout << "Hello world" << endl;
return 0;

      }

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How to run code

• To run a C++ file, you'll need to have MinGW installed.
• Open new terminal in vscode .
• Type g++ filename.cpp - o filename ./filename.exe
• Then enter.

\\ for windows users

g++ myfirstfile.cpp - o myfirstfile
./myfirstfile.exe

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Explanation of code

• #include <iostream>: This line includes the input-output stream library, which is necessary for performing input and output operations.

• using namespace std : You are informing the compiler that you are going to use the std (standard) namespace, so you don't need to prefix standard library entities with std::. And both works well .

Example:

• ; - Every statement must end with a semicolon , it basically tells the compiler this line ends here ( same feature of fullstop . in english language).

• int main(): This line defines the main function, which is the starting point of the program. Every C++ program must have a main function.

• { }: These curly braces is the body of the main function, where the code to be executed is written .

• cout(read as c-out) : is used to output data (or print) .

• The << operator is used to insert the data into the output stream.

• "Hello, World!" is the string_(long form of text)_ that will be displayed on the console area .

• endl - Used to insert a newline, moving the cursor to the next line.

• return 0-This line indicates that the program has successfully executed and returns 0 to the calling process or operating system ( means has executed successfully without any errors or zero errors).