DEV Community

Cover image for Why Microservices Fail in ~80% of Cases
Nazmul Hosen
Nazmul Hosen

Posted on

Why Microservices Fail in ~80% of Cases

Microservices don’t fail because they are bad.
They fail because teams adopt them for the wrong reasons, at the wrong time, in the wrong way.

1️⃣ They Start With Microservices (Instead of Evolving)

What Teams Do ❌

  • Day-1 microservices
  • 10–20 services before first customer
  • Each service has its own repo, CI/CD, DB

Why It Fails

  • Development slows down
  • Debugging becomes distributed hell
  • Requirements are still changing

FAANG Reality ✅

  • Amazon, Netflix started as monoliths
  • Microservices were extracted under pressure, not ideology

Rule

Microservices are a scaling solution, not a starting architecture


2️⃣ Poor Service Boundaries (The #1 Killer)

Common Mistake ❌

Services split by:

  • Technical layers (auth, db, api)
  • Tables
  • Random features

Instead of business domains.

Result

  • Constant cross-service calls
  • Circular dependencies
  • One change touches 5 services

Correct Approach ✅

Split by bounded contexts:

  • Order
  • Payment
  • Inventory
  • User

Each owns:

  • Its logic
  • Its data
  • Its lifecycle

If two services deploy together, they are the same service.


3️⃣ Synchronous Communication Everywhere

What Happens ❌

  • Service A calls B
  • B calls C
  • C calls D

Real Production Impact

  • Cascading failures
  • Timeouts
  • Retry storms
  • P99 latency explodes

Why Teams Do This

  • It feels “simple”
  • HTTP is familiar

FAANG Solution ✅

  • Sync for user-critical paths
  • Async events for everything else

Distributed systems fail by default — assume it.


4️⃣ Distributed Transactions Without Strategy

Problem ❌

  • Order → Payment → Inventory
  • One fails, others succeed

What Teams Try

  • Two-phase commit (2PC)
  • Cross-DB transactions

Why It Fails

  • Locks
  • Deadlocks
  • Poor performance

Correct Pattern ✅

  • Saga pattern
  • Eventual consistency
  • Compensating actions

Strong consistency everywhere does not scale.


5️⃣ Operational Complexity Explodes

Microservices Add:

  • Multiple deployments
  • CI/CD pipelines
  • Service discovery
  • Secrets management
  • Observability

Teams Underestimate:

  • On-call burden
  • Incident response
  • Monitoring effort

Result

  • Engineers spend more time fixing infra than building features

Microservices shift complexity from code to operations.


6️⃣ No Observability = Blind System

Common Situation ❌

  • Logs per service
  • No correlation IDs
  • No tracing

During Incident:

“Which service failed?”

“I don’t know.”

FAANG Standard ✅

  • Distributed tracing
  • Centralized logging
  • Metrics-first culture

If you can’t observe it, you can’t operate it.


7️⃣ Teams Aren’t Structured for It

Conway’s Law (Very Important)

System design mirrors team structure.

Problem ❌

  • One team owns 10 services
  • No clear ownership
  • Shared responsibilities

Result

  • Nobody knows who broke what
  • Slow fixes

FAANG Model ✅

  • One team → one or few services
  • Clear ownership
  • You build it, you run it

8️⃣ Versioning & Contract Hell

What Happens ❌

  • API changes break consumers
  • Services deployed independently
  • No backward compatibility

Result

  • Production outages
  • Frozen deployments

Correct Approach ✅

  • Contract-first design
  • Backward compatibility
  • Consumer-driven contracts

9️⃣ They Think Microservices = Better Engineering

Reality Check

Microservices:

  • ❌ Don’t make bad code good
  • ❌ Don’t fix unclear requirements
  • ❌ Don’t replace discipline

What They Actually Require

  • Strong engineers
  • Clear communication
  • Solid fundamentals

Microservices amplify both good and bad engineering.


🔟 The Brutal Truth (FAANG-Level Insight)

Most companies don’t have:

  • Netflix traffic
  • Amazon scale
  • Google SRE culture

But they copy:

  • Netflix architecture
  • Amazon blogs
  • Google talks

And skip:

  • Engineering maturity
  • Operational readiness
  • Clear domain modeling

📊 When Microservices Actually Work

✅ Product-market fit

✅ Clear domain boundaries

✅ Experienced engineers

✅ Strong DevOps & SRE

✅ Real scaling pain

Top comments (0)