The default installation of Elasticsearch is configured with a 1 GB heap. For just about every deployment, this number is usually too small. If you are using the default heap values, your cluster is probably configured incorrectly.
There are two ways to change the heap size in Elasticsearch. The easiest is to set an environment variable called ES_HEAP_SIZE. When the server process starts, it will read this environment variable and set the heap accordingly. As an example, you can set it via the command line as follows:
export ES_HEAP_SIZE=10g
Alternatively, you can pass in the heap size via JVM flags when starting the process, if that is easier for your setup:
ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms10g -Xmx10g" ./bin/elasticsearch
Ensure that the min (Xms) and max (Xmx) sizes are the same to prevent the heap from resizing at runtime, a very costly process.
Generally, setting the ES_HEAP_SIZE environment variable is preferred over setting explicit -Xmx and -Xms values.
Source: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/heap-sizing.htmlSee also Setting JVM options
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