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JDOG787
JDOG787

Posted on • Edited on

What database should I use?

Hi, so I'm wanting to make a pretty big app but I'm not sure what database to use...

I know there's Mongodb, MySQL, PostgreSQL, and lots more. My question is: Which one should I use? What are the pros, and cons of each? Should I use a SQL or nonSQL database? Why would I use one over then other?

Could someone point me in the right direction?

BTW I do already know mognodb :)

Oldest comments (52)

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danwalsh profile image
Dan Walsh

I’d highly recommend looking at Cloud Firestore — it’s scalable, accessible via REST API and has generous amounts of usage on their free Spark plans.

That said, apps and databases are “horses for courses”. It all really depends on your requirements and your tech stack/platform.

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patarapolw profile image
Pacharapol Withayasakpunt
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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

If I had to choose between firestore and mongodb I'd go with mongo db :P

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ahzu profile image
Ahzu Direct

Absolutely

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ahzu profile image
Ahzu Direct

IE. Mongo is needed in the MERN stack

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danwalsh profile image
Dan Walsh

If you’re also going to be managing the infrastructure supporting MongoDB, then yeah, that makes sense.

Like I said, choosing your DB entirely depends on your technical requirements. I build a lot of smaller, single-purpose web apps, and I’d rather not have to manage any more infrastructure than necessary, so Firestore suits my needs. Of course, that’s not going to be true for everyone.

Hope the comment threads on your post have helped you to pick your DB! ☺️

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

I agree. Yes, I did figure out what DB to use. I'm going to use mongdb :D

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dillonheadley profile image
Dillon Headley

Actually mongodb is a NoSQL database meaning it is also non-relational. Also fun fact: The no in NoSQL stands for “not only” SQL.

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tajeddine profile image
Tajeddine Alaoui

That's my boy, I wish if devs apperciate Mongo more.

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potentialstyx profile image
PotentialStyx
repldb.

Hmmm i dont really know, haven't used that many db's. Someone else could prob giv a better answer than me here

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

yeah looks like it ;)

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tamerlan_dev profile image
Tamerlan

We need to know the context more to figure out which database is the right one for your project, but in the most common use case scenario a typical relational database would work. I recommend postgresql.

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naveens16 profile image
Kubernetes with Naveen

Hfor better recommendation i would like to know your use case. For my most of the projects I always prefer MongoDB over any SQL database.

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leob profile image
leob • Edited

For 95% of the use cases I'd recommend an RDBMS (SQL) such as MySQL or PostgreSQL rather than MongoDB - easier to use, more powerful, and just a better choice. Whether it should be MySQL or PostgreSQL is in my opinion a toss-up, I mostly used MySQL but PostgreSQL is also fine.

MongoDB is really for niche uses cases, those where you need to stash away vast amounts of fairly simple data - think IoT, weather data, any sort of large scale real time data collection - that's where MongoDB shines, not for your average web app. And for apps/systems that need huge scalability beyond the capacity of RDBMS, but then you're really talking huge scale.

But for your typical run-of-the-mill web/business apps, MongoDB would in general be a poor choice. The lack of a standardized and powerful query language like SQL, with its joins, aggregations and so on, the lack of a schema, and the lack of transactions (ACID), makes MongoDB much harder to use. With MongoDB (NoSQL) you will constantly be reaching for tricks and hacks which will make your app harder to develop, and maintain.

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jsardev profile image
Jakub Sarnowski

This! People mindlessly go for MongoDB because of NoSQL hype, not understanding the real use case for these kind of databases. I was one of them. Maintaining "a typical app" was a real pain in the ass. Moved to PostgreSQL fixed all the issues and removed a lot of code hacks from the codebase.

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patarapolw profile image
Pacharapol Withayasakpunt • Edited

No, I was there because of the lower cost of entry.

  • Generousness of free tier.
  • Easier to configure.

Of course, I know that RDBMS's TRIGGER and FOREIGN KEYs can be convenient.

Also, I don't hate RDBMS, but the language (SQL) itself.

Maintaining "a typical app" was a real pain in the ass. Moved to PostgreSQL fixed all the issues and removed a lot of code hacks from the codebase.

Indeed, if you can explain more...

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jsardev profile image
Jakub Sarnowski

Mostly, with NoSQL you can't assure any kind of data integrity - everything needs to be based on your app's code. There are no relationships in NoSQL unless you code it yourself - I think that's the main pain for me and it's very, very fragile.

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patarapolw profile image
Pacharapol Withayasakpunt

Indeed, most RDBMS enforces integrity very well, and it would be counter-intuitive to store denormalized / JSON data. Actually, graph-type NoSQL can do this as well (as well as being ACID compliant).

BTW, how do you balance between ORM features vs true SQL features?

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cullophid profile image
Andreas Møller

95% is a bit low IMO

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leob profile image
leob

Haha yes probably more like 98-99% ;-)

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chiubaca profile image
Alex Chiu

100% agree with this. I'm loving working with postgres and I was a firestore user for a long time.

BUT just so the facts are right, mongodb does support ACID transactions. Also when u pair mongoDB with mongoose you can manage your collections with schemas in an OKish way.

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leob profile image
leob

You're right, more recent versions of MongoDB do have ACID, they've added that. And I've used mongoose as well, yes that's an improvement because you can declare schemas.

Anyway, I think how it often goes is that a dev starts with a simple app, with a very simple data model, and then MongoDB looks great, but later on when they expand it and the data model becomes more complex they will often think "I wish I'd had chosen an RDBMS" ;-)

But interestingly it's not per se an "either or" choice - it is possible to combine SQL and NoSQL (two databases in one app), for instance you could manage your users and stuff like that in a SQL database, while you store large amounts of "unstructured" data (text, images, video etcetera) in MongoDB. Perfectly possible and I think there are use cases where it might make sense.

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

Hmm, ok. I agree that Mongodb is great for some cases, but I've heard that SQL is good for certain cases as well. But they also scale better than monogdb(so I've heard), which is what I'm looking for. I'm going to make a social media app, but I want it to be able to scale easily if needed.

So for this case would you say to use a SQL database?

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leob profile image
leob

"... they also scale better than mongodb ... which is what I'm looking for"

Eh no, it's the other way around actually - NoSQL databases (like Mongo) potentially scale better than SQL databases (RDBMS) ... with NoSQL you can scale out "horizontally" (using 'shards' on different machines), with SQL databases there are limitations in that regard - conventionally a SQL database has to run on one big fat machine.

So if it's really all about extreme scalability for you, then MongoDB would be your choice. I'd say SQL databases are better/easier than NoSQL in almost all respects (ease of use, powerful query language with joins, normalized data model, defined schema, ACID), except for scalability - that's where NoSQL shines - at least in theory :-)

But, we're talking about giga scale here ... will your social app really be that huge? You're not going to build a new Facebook or are you :-)

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

Oh, I guess I got them mixed up lol.

will your social app really be that huge?

No, I don't think so, but I'm partly wondering which kind of database is better, and partly planning ahead.

You're not going to build a new Facebook or are you :-)

Probably not, but that would be cool :D

So you think mongdb is a good choice?

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leob profile image
leob

What stack (backend) are you gonna use, node/express or something else? Social media app, you need streams/channels for realtime ... I'm thinking GraphQL and all that ... Prisma? prisma.io which supports PostgreSQL and MySQL. But yeah "social media" = "big amounts of non structured data" (text, images, audio/video)" means MongoDB does sound like a good fit.

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

Yeah, I'm thinking node/express, and graphql. Never heard of prisma though. And yeah, I guess mongdb is good, so I'll go with that! Thanks for all the info and help >:)

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leob profile image
leob

Mongo is a good choice if you have an app where (a) you don't have an extensive data model with lots of relations/joins (like an accounting system, or other "line of business" apps), and (b) you need to store lots of unstructured data like text, images, video/audio and so on.

So your social media app fits the bill, while I'd never ever try to develop an accounting app with Mongo as the data store :-)

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jdog787 profile image
JDOG787

Ok, good to know. Thanks!

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imthedeveloper profile image
ImTheDeveloper

Completely depends on your app.

Tell us more about it.

What is it for, who is it for, how do people or a person use it. When do they use it etc.

What is relevant to be stored by this app?

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arunmurugan78 profile image
Arun Murugan

Depends on the Application
Check this out!
youtu.be/W2Z7fbCLSTw

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andreidascalu profile image
Andrei Dascalu

Well, as a general direction, you have SQL, noSql and blends.
SQL: you have mySql (though Mariadb as a drop-in MySQL replacement is significantly better and provides noSql models as well as climb stores) and postgresql as main options. I generally go with Mariadb because I know it better and how to optimize it. Don't disregard online sources.

NoSql: for all intents and purposes Mongo is ahead.

Column store: I strongly recommend Clickhouse as a high performance column store with SQL compatible syntax.

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zazapeta profile image
Ghazouane

I like starting with sqlite. Easy and fast until you need more - then postgres db is good.

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patarapolw profile image
Pacharapol Withayasakpunt

SQLite is in a different league from online database, where there need a lot of admin jobs and housekeeping.