🎁Learn Python in 10 Days: Day 1

🎉 From today, I'm going to write a series of 10 articles titled "Learn Python in 10 Days". If you follow along and read diligently, by Day 11, you'll be a proficient Python developer! 🚀

Day 1: Python Basics

1. Literals

Literals are fixed values in your code. Here are some common data types in Python:

Type	Description	Example
Number (int)	Integer value	10, -10
Number (float)	Floating-point number	3.14
Number (complex)	Complex number	3+4j (ends with j)
Boolean (bool)	Represents True/False values	True (1), False (0)
String (str)	Text	"Hello Python!"
List	Ordered, mutable collection	[1, 2, 3]
Tuple	Ordered, immutable collection	(1, 2, 3)
Set	Unordered, unique items	{1, 2, 3}
Dictionary	Key-Value pairs	{"key": "value"}

2. Comments

Comments explain your code. They aren't executed but can help others understand your code.

• Single-line comments start with #

# This prints hello
print("hello")  # There should be a space after the `#`

• Multi-line comments use triple quotes (""")

"""
This is a multi-line comment.
It describes the purpose of the code.
"""

3. Variables

Variables store data during program execution.

# Define a variable
balance = 100
print("Balance:", balance)

# Spend $10
balance = balance - 10
print("Balance:", balance)

4. Data Types

The primary data types you'll encounter:

Type	Description	Example
int	Integer	10
float	Floating-point	3.14
str	String	"Hello!"

Use type() to get the data type.

print(type(10))      # <class 'int'>
print(type(3.14))    # <class 'float'>
print(type("Hi"))    # <class 'str'>

5. Type Conversion

Convert between data types as needed.

# Convert to string
num_str = str(10)  

# Convert string to integer
num_int = int("20")  

# Convert float to int
float_int = int(3.14)  # Loses precision

6. Identifiers

Names for variables, functions, etc. Must follow these rules:

1. Use letters (a-z, A-Z), digits (0-9), and underscores (_).
2. Cannot start with a digit.
3. Case-sensitive.
4. Can't use Python keywords.

# Correct
i_am_variable = 1
I_Am_Class = "Python"

# Incorrect
1_variable = "Nope"
class = "Nope"  # 'class' is a keyword

7. Operators

• Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **

Operator	Description	Explanation
+	Addition	Adds two objects; a + b outputs the result
-	Subtraction	Negates a number or subtracts one number from another; a - b outputs the result
*	Multiplication	Multiplies two numbers or returns a string repeated a certain number of times; a * b outputs the result
/	Division	Divides a by b
//	Floor Division	Returns the integer part of the quotient; 9 // 2 outputs 4
%	Modulus	Returns the remainder of the division; 9 % 2 outputs 1
**	Exponentiation	Raises a to the power of b; a ** b

print("1 + 1 =", 1 + 1)
print("5 % 2 =", 5 % 2)  # Modulus

• Assignment operators: =, +=, -=

Operator	Description	Example
=	Assignment Operator	Assigns the value on the right to the variable on the left, e.g., num = 2 * 3 results in num being 6
+=	Add AND assignment	c += a is equivalent to c = c + a
-=	Subtract AND assignment	c -= a is equivalent to c = c - a
*=	Multiply AND assignment	c *= a is equivalent to c = c * a
/=	Divide AND assignment	c /= a is equivalent to c = c / a
%=	Modulus AND assignment	c %= a is equivalent to c = c % a
**=	Exponent AND assignment	c **= a is equivalent to c = c ** a
//=	Floor Divide AND assignment	c //= a is equivalent to c = c // a

num = 5
num += 3  # num = num + 3
print(num)

8. Strings

Definition:

• Single quotes: 'text'
• Double quotes: "text"
• Triple quotes: '''text'''

name = "John Doe"
quote = 'He said, "Python is awesome!"'

String Concatenation:

greeting = "Hello" + " " + "World"
print(greeting)

String Formatting:

age = 25
message = f"My age is {age}"
print(message)

9. Input

Use input() to get user input.

name = input("Enter your name: ")
print(f"Hello, {name}!")

Stay tuned for more awesome Python tips and tricks in the upcoming days! 🎉

Hope this helps! If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 😊