Time flies while you're having fun, but then one day your bio says something about being a 30+ year veteran in software engineering. Still, I've not seen it all, let alone done it all (yet).
I think you need to narrow your question do a bit. Or a lot. There are endless ways to handle these topics, and what would be appropriate would depend on the many factors - the complexity of the problem to be solved, the criticality of it, the available budget, the experience of the team you have, are there any deadlines to meet, are there standards that must be met, is the project for a new application, or upgrade to something that already exists, etc, etc.
So the way you start is by asking all those kinds of questions.
I think you need to narrow your question do a bit. Or a lot. There are endless ways to handle these topics, and what would be appropriate would depend on the many factors - the complexity of the problem to be solved, the criticality of it, the available budget, the experience of the team you have, are there any deadlines to meet, are there standards that must be met, is the project for a new application, or upgrade to something that already exists, etc, etc.
So the way you start is by asking all those kinds of questions.
Just think that you are going to do a some personal project. How do you get started?