Standard Windows Commands and Their Outputs

File Operations

• dir: List directory contents

  C:\> dir
  2023-08-11  10:00 AM    <DIR>          dir1
  2023-08-11  09:58 AM                20 file1.txt
  2023-08-11  09:59 AM                30 file2.txt

• cd: Print working directory

  C:\> cd
  C:\Users\user

Text Operations

• type: Display file content

  C:\> type file1.txt
  This is the content of file1.

• more: Display the beginning of a file (Windows doesn't have an exact equivalent to head, but more can be used to view the contents)

  C:\> more file1.txt
  First line of the file.

• more: Display the end of a file (Again, Windows doesn't have an exact tail equivalent, but you can scroll through with more)

  C:\> more file1.txt
  Last line of the file.

System Information

• systeminfo: Display system information (This provides a lot of information, more than uname -a in Linux)

  C:\> systeminfo

• wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory,TotalVisibleMemorySize /Value: Display memory usage (This is a bit more complex in Windows compared to Linux's free)

  C:\> wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory,TotalVisibleMemorySize /Value

Networking

• ping: Test network connection

  C:\> ping google.com

Miscellaneous

• echo: Display a line of text

  C:\> echo Hello, World!
  Hello, World!

• doskey /history: Display command history (This might not capture all history like Linux's history command, but it's the closest built-in command)

  C:\> doskey /history