A Linux cheat sheet for beginners (short, sweet, and to the point)
Linux (Useful Commands) Terminal Cheat Sheet
Navigation Commands:
-
passwd- change password -
ls- list directory (Can point at any point on the machine)-
-laa flag that lists all + permissions and hidden files
-
-
pwd- print working directory - check where you're at -
cd- change directory (Can address at any point in the machine file system) -
mkdir- make directory -
rmdir- remove director -
rm- remove files -
echo- sends data (if no destination is given than data is sent as output to the terminal) -
cpcopy a file (cp [source] [desintation]) -
mv- mv a file (mv [source] [desintation]) -
locate- locate a file on the machine (locate [filename]) -
updatedb- updates the directory database (must run before running locate) -
man- manual page of any command -
grep- search for the following words (can be used to check if a file contains specific info)
Linux is case sensitive so be aware of your capital letters!
-
./- your directory right now -
../- previous folder -
~- the users root folder -
|- pipe the output of one command into another -
>- use command on the following file (overwrite) -
>>- use command on following file (appends)
Privilege's and user commands:
-
cat- reads a file to the terminal -
chmod- changes permissions for a file -
adduser- make a new user -
sudo- give root permissions for the following command being executed -
su- switch user
Network Commands:
-
ifconfig- print network information -
iwconfig- wireless network information -
ping- ping an ip address (-cflag lets you define how many times you wish to ping the given ip address) -
arp -a- send out an arp request to check for machines on the network -
netstat -a- shows all open ports and what is connected to these ports -
route- shows a routing table
Viewing, creating, and editing commands:
-
history- lists the 15 commands you entered (history | grep [command]shows all the times you run a command on the machine (including specific syntax)) -
touch- create a file -
nano- use the nano text editor -
apt-get- install [program name] - install a program on the machine (can be run without the install) -
apt install- install a file from the system / kali - server -
apt purge- program name - (You have to use the * *) -
pip install- run an installer for local files -
git clone- clone a github repository (This is a plugin and does not come preinstalled on most linux distributions!)
Webserver Commands:
-
service apache2 start- start a webserver -
service ssh start- start an ssh server -
service postgresql start- a service that starts with metasploit -
service apache2 stop- stops the webserver -
systemctl enable [program name]- start the service when the machine turns on
Important files/directories in Linux:
-
/etc/passwd- a file that stores all of the users in the system -
/etc/shadow- stores all of the passwords in the system -
/var/log/auth.log- authentication reports
Thanks for reading and feel free to follow Clean Code Studio for more!
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Top comments (2)
Is there like a downloadable version of this? Perhaps an image or pdf?