When someone asks me what programming language they should learn, I've always said Python for the past 20 years, and I still think that's the best language to learn first. (I also encourage using PyCharm CE for those beginners, too. Because JetBrains rocks!)
Why? The language is mature, it does a superb job at the principle of least surprise, the syntax is very approachable, it does not have the oddities and historical anomalies (Python 3 shed all the deadweight that I hated with Python 2) that are in other popular languages (I'm looking at you, C++), it's useful as a serious programming language as well so is a durable skill to have in one's toolset, and can do many amazing advanced things well too.
Granted, by my own simple measurement, my well-written C++ programs are about x300 faster than my well-written (but not hyper-optimized by using NumPy or whatnot) Python programs.
Still, my ML developer coworkers will develop in Python, and when that's working great only then will they translate that work into C++. Python is fab!
JavaScript... I don't advocate for that as the beginner's first language. (And I've done my fair share of JavaScript and TypeScript; and dabbled in Elm and GorillaScript and CoffeeScript.) JavaScript has a lot of skeletons in its closet, and unlike Python 3 it (probably) cannot jettison the skeletons and start over.
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When someone asks me what programming language they should learn, I've always said Python for the past 20 years, and I still think that's the best language to learn first. (I also encourage using PyCharm CE for those beginners, too. Because JetBrains rocks!)
Why? The language is mature, it does a superb job at the principle of least surprise, the syntax is very approachable, it does not have the oddities and historical anomalies (Python 3 shed all the deadweight that I hated with Python 2) that are in other popular languages (I'm looking at you, C++), it's useful as a serious programming language as well so is a durable skill to have in one's toolset, and can do many amazing advanced things well too.
Granted, by my own simple measurement, my well-written C++ programs are about x300 faster than my well-written (but not hyper-optimized by using NumPy or whatnot) Python programs.
Still, my ML developer coworkers will develop in Python, and when that's working great only then will they translate that work into C++. Python is fab!
JavaScript... I don't advocate for that as the beginner's first language. (And I've done my fair share of JavaScript and TypeScript; and dabbled in Elm and GorillaScript and CoffeeScript.) JavaScript has a lot of skeletons in its closet, and unlike Python 3 it (probably) cannot jettison the skeletons and start over.