Java Abstract Class Explained with Simple Examples

Abstract:

• Abstraction is non access modifier.
• Abstraction is hides internal implementataion details and shows only essential functionallity to the user.
• Abstract use to two major programming elements 1.Abstract class 2.Abstract methods.
• An abstract class is declared using the abstract keyword.
• Abstract class is cannot be used to create object directly.
• Another child class use extends the keyword to inherit its access properties and methods.
• Child class if a extends abstract class,it must implement all abstract methods unless child class is also declared abstract.
• One method is Abstract that class is also abstract class.
• Abstract class conatains : 1.Abstract method. 2.Normal method. 3.non-static (instance) Variables. 4.Constructor. 5.Static variables.

example:

Abstract classs

Childclass extends:

Output:

Explanation:

• Abstract class: Animal cannot be instantiated directly.
• Abstract method: sound() declares behavior but has no implementation.
• Method implementation: Dog provides the implementation for sound().
• Inheritance: Dog inherits the eat() method from Animal.
• Method overriding: Dog overrides the abstract sound() method.
• Object creation: new Dog() creates an object of the concrete subclass.