IP telephony: what is it, pros and cons

With the development of digital technologies, traditional telephone lines are giving way to more modern solutions. IP telephony is a technology for transmitting voice over the Internet, which offers businesses and private users flexibility, savings and additional opportunities.

What is IP telephony?

IP telephony (VoIP - Voice over Internet Protocol) is a technology for transmitting voice data over the Internet instead of traditional telephone lines.

How does it work?

The voice is converted into a digital signal.
The data is transmitted over the Internet (via the IP protocol).
On the other party's side, the signal is converted back into voice.
For calls, you can use:

Computers/laptops (for example, via Skype, Zoom, WhatsApp)
Smartphones (mobile VoIP applications)
IP phones (special devices for VoIP)
Office PBX (cloud or local solutions)
Types of IP telephony

1. Cloud (virtual PBX)

Telephony works through the provider's servers.
Does not require equipment - only the Internet.
Suitable for business (call centers, remote employees).

1. SIP telephony

Uses the SIP protocol to connect to the operator.
You can connect SIP phones or softphones (programs like Zoiper).
Often used in corporate networks.

1. Mobile VoIP (SIM-free)

Calls over the Internet without a SIM card.
Available in applications (WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber, specialized VoIP operators).
Suitable for business and travelers and those who want to avoid roaming.

Pros and cons of IP telephony

Advantages

Economy - cheaper than traditional telephony, especially for international calls.
Flexibility - you can call from any device (phone, laptop, IP device).
Scalability - easy to add new numbers or lines for business.
Add. functions — call recording, voicemail, integration with CRM.
Availability — works anywhere there is internet.

Disadvantages

Internet dependence — with a poor connection, the quality of communication deteriorates.
Power dependence — without electricity and internet, the connection will disappear (unlike regular phones).
Security — VoIP calls can be attacked (but encryption solves this problem).

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